Clonal propagation of Leptospermum spp. by tissue culture

Propagation by axillary and multiple axillary bud development was achieved in three native Leptospermum spp. when axillary buds derived from nodal tissues ex mature plants were placed in benzylaminopurine media (0.04–1.0 M) containing macro- and micro-nutrients, sucrose (0.06 M) and a vitamin/amino acid supplement. Reduction of agar concentration from 0.8 to 0.2% greatly stimulated axillary bud development and growth in L. flavescens and L. brachyandrum. Rooting of axillary shoots was stimulated by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and p-chlorophenoxy acetic acid in L. flavescens at concentrations of 5 and 1 M respectively. In L. petersonii ssp. root initiation and development was favoured by -naphthoxyacetic acid (1 M) and in L. brachyandrum indole butyric acid and -naphthalene acetic acid (1 M) were almost equally effective.     

Tissue culture propagation of tropical foliage plants.

Procedures were established for clonal multiplication in vitro of Cordyline terminalis Kunth, Dracaena godseffiana Hort., Scindapsus aureus Engler, and Syngonium podophyllum Schott. Shoot tips of actively growing terminals were selected as explants for Cordyline and Dracaena, and lateral buds were employed for Scindapsus and Syngonium. The basal nutrient medium contained Murashige and Skoog salts, 3% sucrose, 100 mg per 1 i-inositol, and 0.4 mg per 1 thiamine-HCl. The optima with respect to auxin, cytokinin, adenine sulfate-2H2O, and NaH2PO4-H2O addenda were determined. Also assessed were the influences of certain physical qualities of the nutrient medium and of the light intensity of the culture environment. The multiplication of each of the four plants was achieved by repeatedly subculturing the shoots that arose in vitro. Rates of plant increase per year per explant were calculated conservatively to be as follows: Syngonium, 5,000:Scindapsus, 100,000; Dracena, 300,000; and Cordyline, 500,000.     

留兰香组织培养及快速繁殖条件的优化

以留兰香(Menthaspicata L.)茎尖为实验材料,对外植体消毒、不定芽增殖和试管苗移栽生根的最佳条件进行研究。结果表明,最佳外植体消毒方法为:用体积分数75%乙醇浸泡30s,再用1.0g·L-1HgCl2浸泡10min,培养7d后外植体生长状况良好。正交实验结果表明,在附加0.2mg·L-16-BA和0.02mg·L-1NAA的MS培养基中,留兰香不定芽的增殖倍数最高,试管苗生长状况最好。在含25mg·L-16-BA和50mg·L-1NAA的混合溶液中浸泡1h,移栽试管苗的生根率可达100%,且根较长。     

白萼吊钟海棠的组织培养与快速繁殖

以带节茎段为外植体进行了白萼吊钟海棠(Fuchsia alba-coccineaHort.)的组织培养和快速繁殖研究,对外植体的灭菌方法以及在试管苗增殖和生根培养过程中不同浓度的激素配比进行了筛选,同时研究了抑制试管苗褐化和玻璃化的方法。结果表明,最适宜白萼吊钟海棠外植体灭菌的方法是用0.1%HgC l2处理4~6 m in;MS培养基中不加NH4NO3可完全消除试管苗玻璃化现象;MS培养基中加入1.0 g.L-1PVP,可基本抑制试管苗褐化;试管苗增殖的最佳培养基为含0.8 mg.L-16-BA、0.10 mg.L-1NAA和1.0 g.L-1PVP的MS培养基;试管苗生根的最适培养基为含0.1~0.2 mg.L-1NAA和1.0 g.L-1PVP的1/2 MS培养基。     

栝楼的组织培养与快速繁殖

栝楼（Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim．）,也称瓜楼、药瓜、吊瓜等,为葫芦科栝楼属（Trichosanthes L．）多年生攀援植物。栝楼根、茎、叶、瓜皮及种子均具有一定的药用价值,其籽是炒货中的佳品。由于栝楼野生资源有限且遭严重破坏,尽管各地有少量引种栽培,但其产量却远不能满足市场需求,因此,对栝楼进行组织培养与快速繁殖具有重要意义。目前,仅有以栝楼腋芽为材料进行组织培养的研究报道。作者以栝楼的茎尖、茎切段和幼叶为外植体进行组织培养,通过对不同培养基的筛选和优化,初步建立了栝楼组织培养的快速繁殖体系,并获得了大量优良品种的无菌苗,为扩大生产提供了保障。     

毛百合的组织培养和快速繁殖

以毛百合鳞片切块为外植体,置入不同激素配比的培养基中,观察和比较切块的近轴面、远轴面、侧面分化小鳞茎、芽和根的情况,并通过不同土质、不同温度移栽实验,选出试管苗移栽成活的最好方法。     

In vitro clonal multiplication of an apple rootstock by culture of shoot apices and axillary buds

In vitro clonal multiplication of apple rootstock MM 111 using axillary buds and shoot apices were carried out. Vegetative axillary buds of the size of 0.2-2.0 cm and shoot apices measuring 4 mm in length were initiated to shoot proliferation on MS medium supplemented with BA (0.5 - 1.0 mgl(-1)), GA3(0.5 mgl(-1)), with or without IBA(0.05 - 0.1 mgl(-1)). Small size explants showed less phenol exudation and less contamination. Following establishment phase, the small shoots emerged from explants were subcultured on MS medium supplemented with different combinations and concentrations of growth regulators. BA (1.0 mgl(-1)) and GA3 (0.5 mgl(-1)) combination showed highest multiplication rate (1:5), andcl also produced longer shoots. Two step rooting was done by transferring microcuttings to auxin free solid medium after root initiation in dark on 1/2 strength MS liquid medium containing IBA (0.5 mgl(-1) ). Rooted plantlets were transferred to peat containing paper cups and resulting plants of MM 111 acclimated successfully for transfer to field.     

小叶锦鸡儿的组织培养和快速繁殖

选用小叶锦鸡儿茎段为材料进行组织培养和快速繁殖,结果表明,芽诱导的最适培养基是MS基本培养基附加6-BA0．5mg／L和IAA0.01mg／L,最适生根培养基是1／2MS基本培养基附加IAA0．5mg／L,诱导生根率达86％．再生植株移人大田,15d后成活率在98%以上。     

Dormancy-associated gene expression in pea axillary buds.

Pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Alaska) axillary buds can be stimulated to cycle between dormant and growing states. Dormant buds synthesize unique proteins and are as metabolically active as growing buds. Two cDNAs, PsDRM1 and PsDRM2, were isolated from a dormant bud library. The deduced amino acid sequence of PsDRM1 (111 residues) is 75% identical to that of an auxin-repressed strawberry clone. PsDRM2 encodes a putative protein containing 129 residues, which includes 11 repeats of the sequence [G]-GGGY[H][N] (the bracketed residues may be absent). PsDRM2 is related to cold- and ABA-stimulated clones from alfalfa. Decapitating the terminal bud rapidly stimulates dormant axillary buds to begin growing. The abundance of PsDRM1 mRNA in axillary buds declines 20-fold within 6 h of decapitation; it quickly reaccumulates when buds become dormant again. The level of PsDRM2 mRNA is about three fold lower in growing buds than in dormant buds. Expression of PsDRM1 is enhanced in other non-growing organs (roots root apices; fully-elongated stems >elongating stems), and thus is an excellent “dormancy” marker. In contrast, PsDRM2 expression is not dormancy-associated in other organs. Received: 10 December 1997 / Accepted: 23 January 1998     

超级白太镐组织培养及快速繁殖

以超级白太镐的幼苗叶片为外植体进行组织培养,结果表明,其叶片可以诱导不定芽。经试验筛选出各阶段最适培养基为:(1)诱导:MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L(单位下同)+NAA 0.2; (2)增殖:MS+6-BA 1.0+NAA 0.1;(3)生根:MS+6-BA 0.2+NAA 0.5+IBA 0.2+活性炭0.1%。     

Optimizing the shoot proliferation protocol of Penthorum chinense by axillary buds

Four parameters, three hormones and sucrose, at seven concentrations, were designed for shoot proliferation of Penthorum chinense by uniform design. The obtained data were used for building two quadratic polynomial equations by partial least square to determine optimum concentrations of four factors. Experiments for verification confirmed that no significant difference existed between the predicted and the validated values in shoot number and length based on all inoculated explants.     

蒙花忍冬的组织培养与快速繁殖研究

以金银花 蒙花 品系的茎段为外植体 ,于 MS和 B5附加不同激素配比的培养基上 ,探讨愈伤组织形成和丛生芽诱导及生根培养的条件 .诱导愈伤组织和丛生芽的培养基为 B5+BA2 .0 m g· L- 1 +KT0 .2～ 0 .5 mg· L- 1+IAA 0 .5～ 1 .0 mg· L- 1 +L H 1 0 0 0 m g· L- 1 ,继代增殖培养的培养基为 B5+BA 2 .0 m g· L- 1 +KT 0 .5 m g·L- 1 +IAA1 .0 m g· L- 1 +L H1 0 0 0 m g· L- 1和 B5+BA2 .0 mg· L- 1 +KT0 .36 m g· L- 1 +IAA1 .0 mg· L- 1+CH 1 0 0 0 m g· L- 1 +1 / 2 MS :大量元素 ,生根培养基为 1 / 2 MS +IBA 0 .2 mg· L- 1 +L H 1 0 0 0 mg·L- 1 .结果表明 L H和 CH在金银花愈伤组织和丛生芽诱导方面具明显的作用     

桂黔吊石苣苔的组织培养与快速繁殖

以桂黔吊石苣苔的茎段和叶片为外植体材料,对桂黔吊石苣苔进行离体培养与快速繁殖技术研究.结果表明：桂黔吊石苣苔茎段腋芽可直接诱导萌发,在 MS＋6-BA 1．0 mg·L-1＋IBA 0．1 mg·L-1培养基上萌发率最高,达75％;适宜的继代增殖及壮苗培养基为1/2MS＋NAA0．2 mg·L-1,繁殖系数为6．0/60 d,继代培养中茎段外植体可以诱导出愈伤组织,但诱导率较低,未能进一步分化成苗;最佳生根培养基为1/2MS＋6-BA 0．2 mg·L-1＋NAA 0．8 mg·L-1＋AC 0．1％＋香蕉5％,生根率达100％;在大棚中模拟桂黔吊石苣苔自然生境对生根苗进行移栽,成活率在95％以上.     

矮晚柚的组织培养与快速繁殖

以矮晚柚种子萌发的无菌苗为实验材料,利用茎尖和上胚轴诱导丛生芽的发生,利用丛生芽获得再生植株。实验表明:矮晚柚成熟和未成熟种子在1/2MS、MS上均能萌发,萌发率最高可达96%,成熟种子萌发的无菌苗更利于后期的分化。最适外植体为无菌苗的上胚轴,筛选出丛生芽最佳增殖培养方案为MS+6-BA 2.0 mg·L~(-1)+NAA 0.1 mg·L~(-1)+蔗糖40 g·L~(-1)+靠近茎尖上胚轴,最高增殖系数达8.4,最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.2 mg·L~(-1)+IBA 0.2 mg·L~(-1)+活性炭0.2 g·L~(-1),生根率达90%以上。移栽至蛭石+珍珠岩+营养土(1:1:2)的营养砵上,成活率可达80%。     

绿巨人白掌不同外植体组织培养研究

本文研究白鹤芋属观赏品种绿巨人白掌的茎顶、叶片、叶柄和幼花序的组织培养和快速繁殖技术。茎顶培养以0.2mg／LNAA 3．0mg／L6-BA培养效果较好;叶片诱导适宜的培养基为0．5mg／LNAA 5．0mg／L6-BA,分化培养基为0．2mg／LNAA 3．0mg／L6-BA;叶柄以0．5mg／L2,4-D 3．0mg／L6-BA诱导效果最好,分化适宜培养基为0．5mg／LNAA 3．0mg／L6-BA;幼花序胚状体的诱导则以0．5mg／L2,4-D 5．0mg／L6-BA效果最好,成苗培养基为0.5mg／LNAA 3．0mg／L6-BA;255mg／L的KH2P04比较／比较适合于绿巨人白掌丛芽的增殖;生根培养基以1／2MS 0.50mg／LNAA较适宜。     

华南忍冬组织培养的无菌体系建立

以广西山银花的种植品种华南忍冬带腋芽茎段为外植体建立无菌体系。结果表明,较适宜的灭菌处理为外植体用75%酒精处理25s,再用0.1%升汞溶液(加吐温80)处理9min,污染率最低为6.7 %;初代培养腋芽萌发较适宜的培养基为MS+6-BA2.0mg/L,萌发率63.3%,比CK组的高33.3%;继代周期为30d,继代增殖较适宜培养基为MS+6-BA1.7mg/L,芽比较粗壮,平均每丛丛芽增加芽数为10.7个,比CK组高9.5个。     

生姜茎尖组织培养和快速繁殖研究

以生姜茎尖为外植体进行培养,筛选诱导愈伤组织和生根的最佳培养基。结果表明,在茎尖培养中,合理的消毒处理对茎尖成活率影响很大;以MS+6-BA 1.5mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L为最适茎尖诱导培养基,可一次诱导形成愈伤组织,并直接形成带根幼苗,月增殖倍数为6.9倍,成活率76.9%。生姜腋芽继代培养基MS+6-BA 2.0mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L+KT 1.0mg/L,以腐殖质土:菜园土=1:1基质可促进小苗后期生长,加速成苗。