Rank Tests for Complete Block Designs

In this article a general univariate K-sample rank test for complete block designs with proportional cell frequencies is derived. It is shown that the test statistic has under H₀ and for arbitrary scores asymptotically a X²-distribution with K — 1 degrees of freedom. Special cases of this test are the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Friedman test. The test is compared with the Benard-van-Elteren test, the Mack-Skillings test and a test proposed by Downton. Finally the application of the test is illustrated by two examples.     

Model Building and Analysis for Block Designs with Nested Rows and Columns

The paper deals with two main problems: it gives a unified approach to model building for observations obtained in a block design with nested rows and columns and it provides the analysis of variance for such data. Also, some statistical properties of the design are examined.     

Analysis of Partially Balanced Incomplete Block Designs with Standards

The paper presents a detailed analysis of variance of PBIB designs supplemented by one or more standard treatments. Comparisons were carried out of treatment effects within the group of standard and test treatments and between the two groups. The analysis is supplemented by an example.     

Analysis of Diallel Table for Experiments in Block Designs

In this paper the analysis of genotypes obtained in diallel crossing system, including parents, one set of F₁s and reciprocal F₁'s, is given. This analysis is presented for data obtained from the experiments laid out in block designs. The analysis of variance, estimator of reciprocal effects, estimators of general and specific combining abilities as well as statistics for testing of hypotheses concerning those parameters are given.     

General Analysis of Covariance Models for the Split Block and Related Block Designs

Exact test statistics and confidence intervals for a general split block ANOCOVA model are derived. With a single covariate, each statistic for testing main effect A, main effect B, and the AxB interaction has one less numerator degree of freedom than its counterpart in the ordinary ANOVA without a covariate. Sufficient conditions on the model parameters which allow these lost numerator degrees of freedom to be regained are given, as are exact statistics and confidence intervals for the corresponding reduced models. A note of caution is offered when constructing test statistics for reduced versions of the general model using the method of generalized least squares. General analysis of covariance models for two other block designs are presented.     

Analysis of Triangular Diallel Table for Experiments in Block Designs

In this paper the analysis of genotypes obtained in diallel crossing system, including one set of F₁′s and parents, arranged in triangular table is given. This analysis is presented for data obtained from the experiments laid out in block designs. The analysis of variance, estimators of general and specific combining abilities as well as statistics for testing of hypotheses concerning those parameters are given.     

On the E-Optimality of Block Designs with Unequal Block Sizes

In this paper an inequality for the smallest positive eigenvalues of the C-matrix of a block design are derived. This inequality is a generalization of a result by Constantine (1982) to the case of unequal block sizes. On the basis of the above result a certain E-optimality criterium of block designs is given. Furthermore coefficient e_d has been introduced which permits to assess how close the block design is from the optimal one.     

Selection Problems in Balanced Block Designs

If we have independent random variables the solution of BECHHOFER's selection problem in special cases is easily applied because we can use tables of a standardized multivariate normal distribution. The aim of this note is to show how such tables are also applicable in a case of correlated random variables like the estimates of treatment effects in BIB and BCB. Formulae for a choice of minimal sample sizes are also given.     

Searching for Optimal Block Designs when Block Effects are Random

An algorithm that searches for optimal block designs when block effects are random is described. Some situations in which such an algorithm will prove useful are considered. An illustrative example and some discussion are given.     

On Construction of Some Augmented Block Designs

Augmented block designs are frequently used in practice. In this paper procedures of construction of some types of augmented block designs are discussed using the concept of efficiency-balance and partially efficiency-balance.     

Some Bounds on Parameters of Efficiency-Balanced Block Designs

Bounds on the eigenvalue of the C -matrix with respect to R and the number of blocks for efficiency-balanced block designs are given. AMS 1970 Subject Classification: 62K10     

Rank Covariance Methods for the Analysis of Survival Data

A procedure for comparing survival times between several groups of patients through rank analysis of covariance was introduced by WOOLSON and LACHENBRUCH (1983). It is a modification of Quade' rank analysis of covariance procedure (1967) and can be used for the analysis of right-censored data. In this paper, two additional modifications of Quade' original test statistic are proposed and compared to the original modification introduced by Woolson and Lachenbruch. These statistics are compared to one another and to the score test from Cox' proportional hazards model by way of a limited Monte Carlo study. One of the statistics, Q_R2, is recommended for general use for the rank analysis of covariance of right-censored survivorship data.     

An Annealing Algorithm for Searching Optimal Block Designs

This paper is concerned with a computer algorithm for searching optimal block designs. The algorithm uses a technique called simulated annealing. Exchange and interchange steps are defined in a way similar to JONES and ECCLESTON (1980). Two examples are used to show the performance of the algorithm.     

Application of Partially Balanced Block Designs to Factorial Experiments

In this paper we present partially balanced block designs with F_p and C_p association schemes. These designs play a great role in the experimental theory since they can be applied to factorial experiments. A particular stress is put on the formulation of association schemes _p and C_p, presentation of exemplary constructions of these designs and their analysis of variance. The presented considerations are abundantly illustrated with examples.     

Closed Form Estimators of Latent Cell Frequencies

One-stage and two-stage closed form estimators of latent cell frequencies in multidimensional contingency tables are derived from the weighted least squares criterion. The first stage estimator is asymptotically equivalent to the conditional maximum likelihood estimator and does not necessarily have minimum asymptotic variance. The second stage estimator does have minimum asymptotic variance relative to any other existing estimator. The closed form estimators are defined for any number of latent cells in contingency tables of any order under exact general linear constraints on the logarithms of the nonlatent and latent cell frequencies.     

The Inhibition of Cell Division in the Mesocotyl of Etiolated Oat Plants by Light of Different Frequencies

Cell division taking place in the nodal meristem of etiolatedoat (Avena sativa cultivar Victory) seedlings is shown to bealmost uniformly sensitive to different wavebands of light inthe visible spectrum. The significance of the observations inrelation to the identity of the photoreceptor, and to the opinionthat green light is ‘morphogenetically inactive’is discussed.     

不同压力智能型人工肛门封堵装置封堵效果试验

目的:比较不同压力智能型人工肛门封堵装置的效果。方法:选用8-10月龄西藏小型猪进行动物试验。先进行结肠造口动物模型制备,再设计为3个不同气囊压力组分别接受试验。观察动物一般情况、造口泄露率、造口处肠壁粘膜组织中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞及肠管局部血流灌注量,并对应进行各影响因素的综合分析。结果:33.33 mmHg的压力组较之于其它两组,一般情况较差,体重下降明显(p=0.004);造口泄漏率最低,但造口处肠壁粘膜组织中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞显著上升(p=0.000);肠管局部血流灌注量显著下降(p=0.000),提示压力太大易致使造口处血运变差及并发感染。结论:压力过大时对周围组织及肠管压迫严重,容易引起缺血、坏死、感染等并发症。压力过小时又易发生泄漏,无法达到封堵目的。以气囊压力约18 mmHg较为适宜。     

Genetic Analysis of Line x Tester Progenies Compared in Orthogonally Supplemented Efficiency Balanced Incomplete Block Designs

The theory which analyses the progenies of line X tester crossing procedure and one group of homozygous parents is presented. This analysis allows to conclude on genetics of a quantitative character of parents included in the experiment. The statistics like variance among parents, mean variance of progenies of lines, variance of tester progeny means and covariance of testers with means of their progenies can be derived. On that base one can get four different genetic parameters of variance. In a special case of experiment, it is possible to test the significance of additive variance.     

A Note on Block Designs with Nested Rows and Columns

Block designs with nested rows and columns have been introduced by Singh and Dey (1979). This note gives some results regarding the total relative loss of information and patterns of efficiency balanced block designs with nested rows and columns in variable replications of treatments.