固氮作用

862711.巴西固氮特螺菌SP7的glnA基因的克隆和特性〔会,英〕/Fogher,C.…了Abs.6th Internatl.Sym.Nitrogen Fixa-t ion。一1985。一8一12 用广谱寄主范围的装配型质粒pVK100构建了巴西固氮螺菌(A:ospirillom brasi-lense)Sp7的总DNA基因文库。分离T能与该菌谷氨酞胺营养缺陷型突变株7029互补的克隆,称为     

浅谈氨基酸的一般分解代谢

氨基酸(R—CH—COOH)分子都含有—NH_2和—COOH,在这两个官能团上,各种氨基酸都有共同的代谢规律:氨基酸上的—NH_2脱去后形成α-酮酸;—NH_2也可转交给另一个α-酮酸,使之形成新的氨基酸;—COOH 也可以脱去 CO_2生成胺。这里简单讨论转氨作用、脱氨作用、联合脱氨作用和脱羧作用。转氨作用     

1983.1984年中国科学院上海植物生理研究所招考硕士研究生试题

1邹3年植物生理学试题 1.呼吸作用有哪些生理功能? 2.试述呼吸作用与光合作用的联系? 3.简述光、温对植物生长发育的影响?’ 4.如何认识光合作用是植物最基本的物质转化和能量转导的生理过程。 5.光合作用总过程可大体分成几个阶段,连系结构说明其反应的机制。 6.哪些因子影响光合作用强度,如何实验证明? 7.缺氮、缺铁都能引起植物的缺绿症,它们的症状是否相同?如不同,‘是什么原因。 8.谷氨酞胺在植物氮代谢过程中有什么作用, 9.扼要地记述引噪乙酸、赤霉酸的常用生物检定法。 10.植物细胞具有全能性,它的理论依据和实验证据何在? 11.逆境…     

甘薯凝集素的提取及性质研究

抗蔓割病甘薯的叶片组织浸取液,经硫酸铵分级沉淀,甲壳素柱层析及葡聚糖凝胶过滤得到一种在PAGE或SDS－PAGE上均呈现单一蛋白带的甘薯凝集素。该凝集素没有血型专一性及被测动物红细胞专一性,其凝集活性可被N－乙酰葡萄糖胺或岩藻糖所抑制。甘薯凝集素在75℃加热10min,即丧失全部凝集活性,其凝集活性依赖于Ca^2 和Mg^2 ,Mn^2 则无作用。经Sephadex G-100和SDS－PAGE测定,凝集素相对分子质量为63000,中性糖含量为6.21%,该凝集素对蔓割病菌有抑制作用,是一种酸性糖蛋白。     

2—型纤深酶原激活抑制剂研究进展

２－型纤溶酶原激活抑制剂（ＰＡＩ－２）是尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂的高效专一抑制剂。ＰＡＩ－２具有较高的稳定性,可以发生自我聚合。ＰＡＩ－２可与细胞内的细胞型纤溶酶原激活剂、纤连蛋白、谷氨酶胺转移酶等多种分子发生反应。ＰＡＩ－２与尿激酶型纤深酶原激活剂的反应遵循丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂的作用机制,其自我聚合的发生可能遵循环－片层机制。ＰＡＩ－２在肿瘤的侵润和扩散、皮肤组织受伤和治疗、炎症以及多种疾病的发生过     

芦苇湿地温室气体甲烷(CH4)排放研究

用封闭式箱法对辽河三洲芦苇湿地温室气候CH4的观测结果表明,其排放有明显的季节规律。淹水前、土壤为CH4汇。淹水期间,有大量的CH4排放。排水后CH4排放明显减少。在测定期内,CH4排放通量为－968－2734μgCH4l/(m^2.h)。另外,土壤中中产生的CH4主要是通过芦苇植株的传输作用进入到大气中,试验结果还表明,有芦苇生长的湿地CH4排放是无芦苇生长的15倍,同时,建议芦苇田应采用间歇灌溉的水分管理措施,这样既促进植株生长,又能减少CH4排放。     

酶工程

利用活跃生长的大肠杆菌菌株,研究了氨基酸的利用和青霉素一酞胺酶的合成.菌株1和菌株2生长在玉米浸液或陈培养基中.两种菌株在     

抗生素

用使L-a-氨基己二酞-L-半胧氨酸-D-撷氨酸或其它.的氨基酸类似物与环化酶、表异构酶及从一种刀一内酞胺制剂中分离出来的环扩大酶发生反应的方法,生成变性头抱毒素。     

基因工程

852171 DNA片段链的分开及其从非变性聚丙烯酞胺凝胶中的分离〔英〕/James,R.…了Anal.Bioehem一1954,140(2)一456一458〔译自DBA,1984,3(21),84一09915〕 报道利用尿素和温和加热快速而定量地变性双链DNA(d sDNA)的一个技术。利用DNA聚合酶和适当的““PdNTP,通过填充反应将带有5产延长末端的DNA片段的3/末端加以标记,没结合的标记混合物通过SephadexG一50柱并用SDS一EDTA洗脱除去。标记的dSDNA加入固体尿素,65℃保温3分钟,接着在上聚丙烯酸胺凝胶前快速冷却变性。变性的互补DNA链在丙烯酞胺与双丙烯酸胺比率为60,1的非变…     

具有酶活力高、专一性强的L-赖氨酸脱羧酶菌种的选育

L—赖氨酸脱羧酶是尸胺杆菌产生的胞内酶。用于L—赖氨酸的含量分析。其作用原理是每个分子的L—赖氨酸在其脱羧酶的作用下放出一分子的CO_2,产生的CO_2可通过检压法测定其含量。该法操作简单、结果准确。在生产上具有重要的应用价值。     

Characteristics of the membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius

Summary The membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius are investigated using thin section electron microscopy and freeze-fracture replicas. The plasma membrane is covered by a surface coat and is connected to the outer alveolar membrane by short, sometimes branched, bridges. The inner alveolar membrane is coated on both sides. The epiplasm lies in intimate contact with the cytoplasmic surface of this membrane, and there is a corresponding deposit on the other surface. This deposit is regularly striated.The epiplasmic layer and the alveoli are interrupted at sites of cytotic activity,e.g., the attachment sites of trichocysts, the cytoproct, and the parasomal sacs. The striated deposit ends where the epiplasm ends, indicating a direct relationship between these two epimembranous layers.There is a deposit along the sides of the first part of the tip of the trichocysts, and in this region the trichocyst membrane is free of intramembranous particles.The membrane of the parasomal sacs has a coat on both surfaces. That on the extraplasmic surface is similar to the surface coat of the plasma membrane. The origin of the cytoplasmic coat is unknown. The cytotic activity of these sacs is indicated by their highly irregular profiles.     

The early development of the tail and the transformation of the shape of the nucleus of the spermatid of the domestic fowl,Gallus gallus

Summary The differentiation of the spermatid, especially in reference to the formation of the flagellum, and transformation of the shape of the nucleus was investigated in the domestic fowl.In the early stage of the spermatid, a prominent Golgi apparatus appears around the centrioles. The Golgi vesicles then surround the axial-filament complex which develops from the distal centriole. These vesicles fuse to form continuous membrane at the earliest stage of flagellar formation, and in the succeeding stage Golgi lamellae are attached to the plasma membrane of the developing flagellum. From these observations, it is assumed that Golgi apparatus may be a source of the membrane system of the flagellum.The microtubules distributed around the nucleus form the circular manchette. The anterior region of the nucleus with the manchette is cylindrical in shape and the posterior region without it remains irregular in shape. When the circular manchette has been completed, the whole nucleus acquires a slender cylindrical shape. The circular manchette then changes into the longitudinal manchette. The nuclei of spermatids without a longitudinal manchette are abnormal in shape. In view of these observations it is assumed that the nuclear shaping of the spermatid may be accomplished by circular manchette and the maintenance of shape of the elongated nucleus by longitudinal manchette.The authors wish to thank Mr. Takayuki Mori for his helpful suggestions and technical advices     

Characterization of the composition of the aqueous humor and the vitreous body of the eye of the frog Rana temporaria L

This study aimed to analyze the aqueous humor (AH) and the vitreous body (VB) of the eye of the adult frog Rana temporaria L. as a representative species of amphibians, which lead a semi-terrestrial life. The presence of collagen, albumin, uric acid and electron donors was shown in both media; however, there are slight differences in their concentrations. To determine collagen, a spectral-fluorescent probe, cyanine dye, was used. The presence of collagen in AH of the frog was found at the first time. The total content of electron donors (ascorbic and uric acids, tryptophan, and tyrosine) in VB and HA was roughly estimated at ~ 1.5 × 10^− 4 mol/L. Both VB and AH absorb light in similar UV regions. The total protein and albumin contents in AH were found to be somewhat higher than those in VB. The uric acid content was at an equally low level in both intraocular media. It is supposed that the similarity of VB and AH compositions shown in this work is due to some exchange between VB and AH contents in the course of accommodation. The role of intraocular fluids in physiological functions of the eye and in protecting the retina against UV light is discussed.     

Observations on the permeability of the choriocapillaris of the eye

Summary The choriocapillaris is a fenestrated capillary bed located posterior to the retinal pigment epithelium. It serves as the main source of supply to the photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium, and other cells of the outer retina. The permeability of these capillaries to intravenously injected ferritin (MW — approx. 480,000; mol. diam. 11 nm) was examined in the mouse, rabbit, and guinea pig, each of which is characterized by a different type of retinal vascularization. In all three species, the bulk of the ferritin remained in the capillary lumina, where it appeared to be blocked at the level of the diaphragmed fenestrae. Some ferritin was present in endothelial cell vacuoles. The results confirm previous work on the rat choriocapillaris and indicate that the barrier function of the choriocapillary endothelium is present even among species in which the retinal circulation differs significantly.Supported by NIH grant EY03418