lncRNA CCAT2调控SIRT1蛋白表达激活Wnt/β-catenin通路影响非小细胞肺癌细胞增殖和转移

该文旨在分析长链非编码RNA(lncRNA) CCAT2通过调控SIRT1蛋白的表达激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路进而影响非小细胞肺癌细胞增殖和转移的机制。采用qRT-PCR检测肺癌组织及肺癌细胞株中lncRNA CCAT2的表达。利用卡方检验分析lncRNA CCAT2表达与肺癌患者临床病理特征的关系。CCK-8实验、划痕实验及Transwell实验观察敲低lncRNA CCAT2表达对肺癌细胞增殖、迁移及浸润能力的影响。Western blot检测敲低lncRNA CCAT2表达对H1975细胞株中SIRT1蛋白及Wnt/β-catenin信号通路蛋白表达的影响;以及敲低或过表达SIRT1对Wnt/β-catenin信号通路蛋白表达的影响。利用RNA免疫共沉淀(RIP)及RNA pull-down实验验证lncRNA CCAT2与SIRT1之间的相互作用。该研究得出,癌组织及肺癌细胞株中lncRNA CCAT2表达显著较高(P0.05),敲低lncRNA CCAT2表达能够抑制H1975细胞的增殖、迁移及浸润。敲低lncRNA CCAT2表达后,H1975细胞株中SIRT1、β-catenin、Cyclin D1、myc蛋白的表达降低;敲低SIRT1后,细胞核β-catenin蛋白、Cyclin D1、myc蛋白的表达均降低。与非特异性抗体比较,SIRT1抗体呈明显的lncRNA CCAT2富集;lncRNA CCAT2的截短突变组细胞中SIRT1相对表达量明显低于lncRNA CCAT2组。lncRNA CCAT2通过调控SIRT1蛋白表达激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路进而促进肺癌细胞增殖、迁移及浸润,有望成为新的肿瘤标志物。     

利用RIP-Seq技术鉴定HepG2细胞中与HuR蛋白结合的lncRNAs

长链非编码RNAs（long noncoding RNAs, lncRNAs）可在表观遗传水平、转录水平和转录后水平调节基因的表达,对细胞功能起着重要的调节作用。RNA结合蛋白可与很多的RNA结合,并在转录后水平发挥重要的调节作用。然而,RNA结合蛋白是否可以在细胞内广泛结合lncRNAs对其发挥调节作用,仍需进一步证实。本研究通过RNA结合蛋白免疫沉淀技术联合高通量测序（RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation-high throughput sequencing, RIP-Seq）的方法在人肝癌细胞株HepG2中,鉴定与人抗原R（human antigen R, HuR）蛋白相结合的lncRNA分子,并进行了初步的验证。首先,通过HuR-RIP实验分离与HuR蛋白结合的RNA分子,然后高通量测序及生物信息学分析。根据分析结果,鉴定出HepG2细胞中361条与HuR蛋白结合的lncRNAs分子,包括基因间lncRNA（large intergenic noncoding RNA, LincRNA）、内含子lncRNA、与编码基因正义链有重叠的lncRNA和与编码基因反义链有重叠lncRNA（antisense lncRNA）等。并进一步通过RIP-qPCR技术,对其中20条LincRNA分子进行了定量检测,验证测序结果。在HepG2细胞中敲低HuR基因表达,发现这些LincRNA分子中,11条LincRNA分子表达水平显著降低（P＜0.05）,2条LincRNA显著升高（P＜0.05）,剩余7条LincRNA表达量未发生变化（P＞0.05）。本研究结果说明,HuR在细胞内可以广泛结合lncRNA分子,并且可能对结合的lncRNA分子的表达量产生影响,这也为进一步研究这些lncRNA的功能和HuR调控网络的研究提供了基础。     

Musashi-1和β-catenin在子宫内膜中的表达及其在内膜异位病灶形成中的作用

目的:检测Musashi-1和β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)在子宫内膜异位症(EMs)患者的在位内膜和异位内膜中的表达,并初步探讨作用机制。方法:2016年9月至2018年9月,收集EMs患者的在位内膜(在位内膜组,28例)、异位内膜(异位内膜组,24例)和非EMs患者的正常内膜(正常内膜组,30例),采用实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR)试验检测Musashi-1和β-catenin在各组内膜组织中的表达情况,并分析Musashi-1和β-catenin在各组内膜组织中的表达相关关系。结果:在位内膜组和异位内膜组中,Musashi-1和β-catenin的相对表达量均明显高于正常内膜组(P0.05),而在位内膜组与异位内膜组之间的差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。在位内膜组和正常内膜组中,增生期的Musashi-1和β-catenin相对表达量显著高于分泌期(P0.05),而异位内膜组中,在增生期和分泌期Musashi-1和β-catenin比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。在位内膜组和异位内膜组中,Musashi-1和β-catenin表达之间均呈正相关性(P0.05),而正常内膜组中,两者表达之间无明显相关性(P0.05)。结论:在EMs的发病过程中,干细胞标志物Musashi-1可能通过激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路参与并促进子宫内膜异位病灶的形成。     

长链非编码RNA介导Wnt/β-catenin信号通路调控骨代谢的研究进展

骨代谢的平衡取决于骨形成及骨吸收之间的动态平衡,Wnt/β-catenin信号通路能够广泛参与骨吸收及骨形成的调控,在维持骨代谢平衡中发挥着重要作用.近年来有研究表明,长链非编码RNA(Long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)也广泛参与骨代谢各阶段的调节,还能通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路参与骨代...     

长链非编码RNA研究进展

长链非编码RNA(long noncoding RNAs,lncRNAs)是一类长度超过200nt的非编码RNA分子,通过信号分子、诱饵分子、引导分子、支架分子等4种方式在转录水平和转录后水平调控基因的表达。lncRNAs的表达水平相对于蛋白编码基因较低,但它们在X染色体沉默、基因组印迹、染色体修饰、转录激活、转录干扰以及核内运输等方面具有重要的功能。相对于研究较多的非编码小RNA,lncRNAs的功能目前尚不完全清楚。该文从lncRNAs的起源、分类、分子机制、功能和进化等方面综述了lncRNAs的研究进展,为进一步探究lncRNAs的功能和作用机制提供依据。     

长链非编码RNA的微RNA海绵作用与呼吸系统疾病

长链非编码RNA（long non-coding RNAs, lncRNAs）是一类由长度大于200个核苷酸组成的长链非编码序列。lncRNAs具有较长的序列,使得lncRNAs具有复杂的二级及三级结构,这也是lncRNAs结合DNA、RNA和蛋白质及其行使复杂功能的结构基础。MicroRNA（miRNAs)是长度在19到25个核苷酸之间的非编码单链RNA分子,是目前研究最多的小分子非编码RNA。而lncRNAs通过结合或者螯合miRNA来调节miRNA丰度,发挥lncRNA的“海绵”作用,从而调控一系列的病理生理过程。lncRNAs及miRNA在呼吸系统疾病的发生、发展、治疗和预后起重要作用。本文就lncRNAs及其“海绵”作用对呼吸系统疾病的影响及可能的机制进行综述。     

长链非编码RNA(lncRNAs)在心力衰竭发病中的作用

长链非编码RNA(lncRNAs)是一类RNA分子,具有200个核苷酸或更多的转录本,不直接参与基因编码和蛋白质的合成,但是可以在表观遗传水平、转录水平和转录后水平调控基因的表达。最近的研究表明,lncRNAs在癌症发病进程中异常表达,例如:lncRNA PCA3的高表达已作为前列腺癌的临床诊断标志。同时,还发现lncRNAs与心血管疾病的发病和发病机理密切相关。本文主要介绍和阐述近年来lncRNAs在心力衰竭发病中作用的相关研究进展。     

长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)在氧化型低密度脂蛋白诱导血管内皮细胞损伤中表达谱的变化

目的:探讨长链非编码RNA(long noncoding RNA,lnc RNA)在氧化型低密度脂蛋白(oxidized low-density lipoprotein,ox-LDL)诱导的损伤人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cells,HUVEC)与正常HUVEC中表达谱的差异。方法:采用lnc RNA芯片检测ox-LDL诱导的损伤HUVEC与正常HUVEC中lncRNA及mRNA的表达差异,筛选出HUVEC损伤相关的lncRNA。结果:相对于正常HUVEC,在ox-LDL诱导的损伤HUVEC中表达上调和下调超过2倍的lncRNAs和m RNAs分别有139种和113种,上调和下调超过4倍的lncRNAs和mRNAs分别有35种和28种。结论:与正常HUVEC比较,ox-LDL诱导的损伤HUVEC中lncRNA的表达谱显著变化,lncRNA可能在血管内皮细胞损伤过程中发挥一定作用。     

MicroRNA-21靶向调控β-catenin促进骨肉瘤细胞U2OS的增殖与侵袭

目的:研究微小RNA-21(microRNA-21,miR-21)对骨肉瘤细胞U2OS增殖与侵袭的影响及其可能机制。方法:采用Real-time PCR (RT-PCR)检测miR-21在骨肉瘤和临近正常骨组织中的表达差异。通过脂质体转染法将miR-21模拟物(microRNA-21mimics,即mimics组)及microRNA无关序列(microRNA-NC,即NC组)转染入骨肉瘤细胞U2OS,real-time PCR(RT-PCR)检测miR-21和β-catenin m RNA在U2OS细胞中的表达,Western blot检测β-catenin蛋白在U2OS细胞中的表达,并通过双荧光素酶报告基因验证miR-21与β-catenin基因3'-非编码区(3'-untranslated region,3'-UTR)的特异性结合作用。MTT法检测U2OS细胞体外增殖能力;Transwell侵袭模型探查U2OS细胞侵袭潜能。结果:骨肉瘤组织中miR-21水平显著高于正常骨组织(P0.05)。过表达miR-21能够增强细胞增殖与侵袭,上调U2OS细胞β-catenin m RNA和蛋白的表达。双荧光素酶报告基因结果表明miR-21可与β-catenin基因3'-UTR结合,从而对β-catenin的表达起调控作用。结论:miR-21可能通过调节β-catenin的表达促进骨肉瘤细胞U2OS的增殖与侵袭。     

长链非编码RNA CCAT2与癌症

长链非编码RNA (lncRNA)与癌症的发生发展密切相关。结肠癌相关转录因子(CCAT) 2是2013年鉴定的一种新的lncRNA,已发现其在结直肠癌、肝癌、乳腺癌以及胃癌等多种癌细胞中表达异常升高,通过Wnt、PI3K/AKT/m TOR和GSK3β/β-catenin等信号通路形成复杂的癌症调控网络,在癌症的增殖、侵袭/转移和细胞凋亡等过程中发挥着重要的作用,提示CCAT2有望成为癌症诊断与治疗的新的分子靶点。现综合近年来CCAT2在癌症中的研究进展作一综述。     

Circulating exosome‐derived bona fide long non‐coding RNAs predicting the occurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Although the diagnosis and therapy approach developed, techniques for the early diagnosis of HCC remain insufficient which results in poor prognosis of patients. The traditional biomarker AFP, however, has been proved with low specificity. Circulating exosomal ncRNAs revealed different profiles reflecting the characteristics of tumour. In this study, we mainly focused on circulating exosomal ncRNAs which might be the fingerprint for HCC, especially for the diagnosis or metastasis prediction. A high throughput lncRNA microarray in exosomes extracted from cell‐free plasma was applied. The risk score analysis was employed to screen the potential exosome‐derived lncRNAs in two independent sets based on different clinical parameters in 200 paired HCC patients. After a multi‐stage validation, we finally revealed three lncRNAs, ENSG00000248932.1, ENST00000440688.1 and ENST00000457302.2, increased in HCC comparing with the both chronic hepatitis (CH) patients and cancer‐free controls. ROC curve revealed a higher sensitivity and specificity in predicting the occurrence of HCC from cancer‐free controls and CH patients with the area under curve (AUC) of 0.905 and 0.879 by combining AFP. The three lncRNA panel combined with AFP also indicted a fingerprint function in predicting the metastasis of HCC with the AUC of 0.870. In conclusion, ENSG00000248932.1, ENST00000440688.1 and ENST00000457302.2 might be the potential biomarker for the tumorigenesis prediction from CH patients or healthy controls and may also be applied for dynamic monitoring the metastasis of HCC.     

Long non-coding RNA Linc00320 inhibits glioma cell proliferation through restraining Wnt/β-catenin signaling

Recent efforts have revealed that numerous oncogenic lncRNAs have been found play pivotal role in Glioma progression while there is little know about anti-oncogenic lncRNAs in Glioma. In current study, we found a HMGB1 regulated lncRNA, Linc00320, is significantly decreased in Glioma malignant tissues and its low expression predicts poor prognosis. Moreover, we found that the nucleus localized Linc00320 inhibits Glioma cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we found that Linc00320 binds to β-catenin and inhibits the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by disrupting β-catenin binds to TCF4 in Glioma cells. Taken together, we firstly demonstrated the tumor suppressive lncRNA, Linc00320, is down-regulated in Glioma tissues and inhibits Glioma cell proliferation by restraining Wnt/β-catenin signaling through segregating β-catenin and TCF4 and revealed the novel HMGB1/Linc00320/β-catenin axis in Glioma progression.     

The lncRNA ENST00000608794 acts as a competing endogenous RNA to regulate PDK4 expression by sponging miR-15b-5p in dexamethasone induced steatosis

The contribution of ncRNAs, especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) to drug induced steatosis remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of lncRNA ENST00000608794 in dexamethasone induced steatosis. We found that ENST00000608794 is expressed at higher levels in dexamethasone treated HepG2 cell, and ENST00000608794 can bind and be regulated by miR-15b-5p. Ectopic expression of ENST00000608794 enhanced steatosis and the protein expression of PDK4 which is a critical gene in lipid metabolism and also is a target of miR-15b-5p. However, the differentiated PDK4 expression between control and ectopic expression of ENST00000608794 was absence in the presence of miR-15b-5p inhibitor. Moreover, in dexamethasone treated HepG2 cell lines, ENST00000608794 increased whether with miR-15b-5p inhibitor treatment or not, while increase of PDK4 expression by dexamethasone was greatly compromised in the presence of miR-15b-5p mimic. Meanwhile, dexamethasone induced steatosis could be ameliorated by silencing ENST00000608794 or expressing miR-15b-5p. Taken together, the results suggested that ENST00000608794 plays an important role in dexamethasone induced steatosis, which was partly mediated by derepressing of PDK4 through competitively binding to miR-15b-5p.     

Anticancer effects of melatonin via regulating lncRNA JPX-Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway in human osteosarcoma cells

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a type of malignant primary bone cancer, which is highly aggressive and occurs more commonly in children and adolescents. Thus, novel potential drugs and therapeutic methods are urgently needed. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the effects and mechanism of melatonin on OS cells to provide a potential treatment strategy for OS. The cell survival rate, cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis were examined by trypan blue assay, MTT, colony formation, wound healing, transwell invasion and attachment/detachment assay, respectively. The expression of relevant lncRNAs in OS cells was determined by real-time qPCR analysis. The functional roles of lncRNA JPX in OS cells were further examined by gain and loss of function assays. The protein expression was measured by western blot assay. Melatonin inhibited the cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis of OS cells (Saos-2, MG63 and U2OS) in a dose-dependent manner. Melatonin treatment significantly downregulated the expression of lncRNA JPX in Saos-2, MG63 and U2OS cells. Overexpression of lncRNA JPX into OS cell lines elevated the cell viability and proliferation, which was accompanied by the increased metastasis. We also found that melatonin inhibited the OS progression by suppressing the expression of lncRNA JPX via regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Our results suggested that melatonin inhibited the biological functions of OS cells by repressing the expression of lncRNA JPX through regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway, which indicated that melatonin might be applied as a potentially useful and effective natural agent in the treatment of OS.     

Circulating exosomal long non‐coding RNAs in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Exosomes are attracting considerable interest in the cardiovascular field as the wide range of their functions is recognized in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the regulatory role of exosomal long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in AMI remains largely unclear. Exosomes were isolated from the plasma of AMI patients and controls, and the sequencing profiles and twice qRT‐PCR validations of exosomal lncRNAs were performed. A total of 518 differentially expressed lncRNAs were detected over two‐fold change, and 6 kinds of lncRNAs were strikingly elevated in AMI patients with top fold change and were selected to perform subsequent validation. In the two validations, lncRNAs ENST00000556899.1 and ENST00000575985.1 were significantly up‐regulated in AMI patients compared with controls. ROC curve analysis revealed that circulating exosomal lncRNAs ENST00000556899.1 and ENST00000575985.1 yielded the area under the curve values of 0.661 and 0.751 for AMI, respectively. Moreover, ENST00000575985.1 showed more significant relationship with clinical parameters, including inflammatory biomarkers, prognostic indicators and myocardial damage markers. Multivariate logistic model exhibited positive association of ENST00000575985.1 with the risk of heart failure in AMI patients. In summary, our data demonstrated that circulating exosomal lncRNAs ENST00000556899.1 and ENST00000575985.1 are elevated in patients with AMI, functioning as potential biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of pateints with AMI.     

LncRNA-NONHSAT024778 promote the proliferation and invasion of chordoma cell by regulating miR-1290/Robo1 axis

Chordoma is a malignant bone tumor originating from the embryonic remnants of the notochord. lncRNAs act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) and play a critical role in tumor pathology. However, the biological role of lncRNA-NONHSAT024778 and the underlying molecular mechanism in chordoma remains unknown. qRT-PCR was used to analyze the expression changes of NONHSAT024778 and miR-1290 in chordoma tissues and cell lines. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay were applied to detect the targeting binding effect between NONHSAT024778 and miR-1290, and between Robo1 and miR-1290. The effect of NONHSAT024778 on chordoma cell proliferation and invasion and its regulation of miR-1290 by acting as a ceRNA were also investigated. An increased NONHSAT024778 expression was correlated with a decreased miR-1290 level in chordoma tissues. NONHSAT024778 knockdown suppressed the proliferation and invasion of chordoma cells. miR-1290 restored expression rescued the carcinogenic function of NONHSAT024778. Bioinformatics analysis showed that NONHSAT024778 acted as ceRNA to regulate Robo1 via sponging miR-1290 in chordoma cells, thereby promoting chordoma cell malignant progression. In vivo results confirmed the anti-tumor effects of NONHSAT024778 knockdown activating miR-1290 to inhibit the oncogene Robo1. NONHSAT024778 is substantially overexpressed, whereas miR-1290 is decreased in chordoma tissue. NONHSAT024778-miR-1290-Robo1 axis plays a critical role in chordoma tumorigenesis and might be a potential predictive biomarker for the diagnosis and therapeutic target among patients with chordoma.     

The Use of Three Long Non-Coding RNAs as Potential Prognostic Indicators of Astrocytoma

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are pervasively transcribed and play a key role in tumorigenesis. The aim of the study was to determine the lncRNA expression profile in astrocytomas and to assess its potential clinical value. We performed a three-step analysis to establish the lncRNA profile for astrocytoma: a) the lncRNA expression was examined on 3 astrocytomas as well as 3 NATs (normal adjacent tissues) using the lncRNA microarray; b) the top-hits were validated in 40 astrocytomas (WHO grade II-IV) by quantitative real time-PCR (qRT-PCR); c) the hits with significant differences were re-evaluated using qRT-PCR in 90 astrocytomas. Finally, 7 lncRNAs were found to have a significantly different expression profile in astrocytoma samples compared to the NAT samples. Unsupervised clustering analysis further revealed the potential of the 7-lncRNA profile to differentiate between tumors and NAT samples. The upregulation of ENST00000545440 and NR_002809 was associated with advanced clinical stages of astrocytoma. Using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, we showed that the low expression of BC002811 or XLOC_010967, or the high expression of NR_002809 was significantly associated with poor patient survival. Moreover, Cox proportional hazard regression analysis revealed that this prognostic impact was independent of other clinicopathological factors. Our results indicate that the lncRNA profile may be a potential prognostic biomarker for the prediction of post-surgical outcomes.     

A Longitudinal Functional Neuroimaging Study in Medication-Na?ve Depression after Antidepressant Treatment

Recent studies have indicated the potential clinical use of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as a tool in assisting the diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD); however, it is still unclear whether NIRS signal changes during cognitive task are state- or trait-dependent, and whether NIRS could be a neural predictor of treatment response. Therefore, we conducted a longitudinal study to explore frontal haemodynamic changes following antidepressant treatment in medication-naïve MDD using 52-channel NIRS. This study included 25 medication-naïve individuals with MDD and 62 healthy controls (HC). We performed NIRS scans before and after antidepressant treatment and measured changes of [oxy-Hb] activation during a verbal fluency task (VFT) following treatment. Individuals with MDD showed significantly decreased [oxy-Hb] values during a VFT compared with HC in the bilateral frontal and temporal cortices at baseline. There were no [oxy-Hb] changes between pre- and post-antidepressant treatment time points in the MDD cohort despite significant improvement in depressive symptoms. There was a significant association between mean [oxy-Hb] values during a VFT at baseline and improvement in depressive symptoms following treatment in the bilateral inferior frontal and middle temporal gyri in MDD. These findings suggest that hypofrontality response to a VFT may represent a potential trait marker for depression rather than a state marker. Moreover, the correlation analysis indicates that the NIRS signals before the initiation of treatment may be a biological marker to predict patient’s clinical response to antidepressant treatment. The present study provides further evidence to support a potential application of NIRS for the diagnosis and treatment of depression.