共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Sachio Hayashi Takenobu Yoshiyama Norito Fujii Satoru Shinohara 《Biotechnology letters》2000,22(18):1465-1469
A novel syrup containing neofructo-oligosaccharides was produced from sucrose (Brix 70) by whole cells of Penicillium citrinum. The efficiency of fructo-oligosaccharides production was more than 55% and those of the main carbohydrate components, 1-kestose (Fruf 21Fruf 21 Glc), nystose (Fruf 21Fruf 21 Fruf 21 Glc) and neokestose (Fruf 26 Glc12 Fruf), were 22, 14 and 11%, respectively. 相似文献
2.
Gerard Strecker Jean-Michel Wieruszeski Jean-Claude Michalski Jean Montreuil 《Glycoconjugate journal》1988,5(4):385-396
The structure of a new nonasaccharide isolated from human milk has been investigated. By using methylation analysis, FAB-MS and1H-and13C-NMR spectroscopy as basic methods of structural investigation, this oligosaccharide was identified as VI2--Fuc,V4-Fuc,III3--Fuc-p-lacto-n-hexaose: Fuc1-2Gal1-3[Fuc1-4]GlcNAc1-3Gal1-4[Fuc1-3]GlcNAc1-3Gal1-4Glc.Abbreviations COSY
correlation spectroscope
- DP
degree of polymerisation
- FAB-MS
fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry
- HPLC
high performance liquid chromatography
- NMR
nuclear magnetic resonance
- GLC
gas-liquid chromatography 相似文献
3.
R. Perez-Enriquez 《Journal of applied phycology》1996,8(1):27-28
A field experiment was carried out at two sites off Yucatan State, Southeast Mexico, in order to determine the feasibility of culturing the red seaweedEucheuma isiforme; this was done during May–September 1989. At both sites (Uaymitun and Dzilam) the 25 days harvest and 14 algae per line plant density growth rates (2.21% day–1 and 1.21% day–1, respectively) were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those obtained with other combinations of the two factors tested (50, 75, 100 and 125 days harvest and 9 and 14 algae per line plant density). The mean carrageenan content of the cultured algae was 35.8% and 31.4% at Uaymitun and Dzilam, respectively. 相似文献
4.
Dr. R. V. Nair T. M. Masajo G. S. Khush 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1982,61(1):19-22
Summary The inheritance of resistance to whitebacked planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) was studied in 21 rice varieties. Reactions of F1; F2 and F3 progenies of the crosses of 21 resistant varieties with the susceptible variety TN 1 revealed that a single dominant gene governs resistance in Mushkan 41, Santhi, Siahnakidar 195, SM2-34, Tirisurkh 251, Zirijowaian 245, 18, 24A, 39, 76 S, 78, 180, 213 B, 267, 293, CI 6037-4, NP97, S39 JKW and Bansphul. In varieties 65 and 274 A, resistance is governed by one dominant and one recessive gene which segregate independently of each other. Tests for allelism with the Wbph 1 gene originally identified in N 22 revealed that the dominant gene present in all the test varieties is the same as Wbph 1. Further studies are required to determine the allelic relationships of the recessive gene found in varieties 65 and 274 A. 相似文献
5.
Four glycosidases were analyzed in 10 mm apical segments prepared from growing roots (15 mm) of Zea mays L. The pH optima were found to be 5.8 for -glucosidase, 4.4 for -galactosidase, 6.4 for -glucosidase and 6.0 for -galactosidase. The -glucosidase showed 4-fold higher activity than the -galactosidase. The distribution of the -glucosidase activity was signifcantly different from that of the -galactosidase, -glucosidase and -galactosidase.Abbreviations -Glu
-glucosidase
- -Gal
-galactosidase
- -Glu
-glucosidase
- -Gal
-galactosidase 相似文献
6.
Zeller F. J. Heun M. 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1985,71(3):513-517
Summary In the progeny of a hybrid between monotelosomic line 3B of Chinese Spring wheat and Chinese Spring — Aegilops longissima ditelosomic addition line G a cytologically stable strain was selected consisting of 20 wheat chromosome pairs, one pair of telosomic chromosome 3BL and one pair of telosomic longissima chromosome G. Inoculating Chinese Spring — Aegilops longissima addition and substitution lines with ten different powdery mildew isolates, partial resistance was observed. The infection grade as well as the number of spores/cm2 leaf area were significantly reduced. 相似文献
7.
On age morphological changes of males of Chydoridae (Cladocera) 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
N. N. Smirnov 《Hydrobiologia》1967,30(3-4):555-571
Summary Young and adult males of 11 species of Chydoridae are studied, their figures being published here (fig. 1–15). The necessity is stressed to distinguish young forms of males and gynandromorphic individuals.Pleuroxus balatonicus is considered to be described from the population ofPleuroxus unicatus having under Balaton Lake conditions retarded transformation of young males into adult form, and accordingly having unusually numerous young males. \qO\qs\qn\qo\qv\qn\qy\ye \qr\ye\qz\qu\ql\Qj\qt\qa\qt\qy 11 (. 1–15). . , Pleuroxus uncinatus , Pleuroxus balatonicus. 相似文献
8.
Cecilia PC Soh Alastair SR Donald James Feeney Walter TJ Morgan Winifred M Watkins 《Glycoconjugate journal》1989,6(3):319-332
The tetrasaccharides GalNAcß1-4[NeuAc2-3]Galß1-4Glc and GalNAcß1-4[NeuAc2-3]Galß1-4GlcNAc were synthesised by enzymic transfer of GalNAc from UDP-GalNAc to 3-sialyllactose (NeuAc2-3Galß1-4Glc) and 3-sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine (NeuAc2-3Galß1-4GlcNAc). The structures of the products were established by methylation and1H-500 MHz NMR spectroscopy. In Sda serological tests the product formed with 3-sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine was highly active whereas that formed with 3-sialyllactose had only weak activity. 相似文献
9.
Clostridium perfringens possesses two sialidase isoenzymes of different molecular weight. Almost 90% of the gene encoding the large form was found on a 3.1 kb chromosomal fragment (Sau3AI) of strain A99 by hybridization with probes developed from the N-terminal protein sequence and from commonly conserved sialidase motifs (Asp-boxes), whereas the remaining 3-terminal part was detected on a 2.1 kb fragment (Hind III) of chromosomal DNA. After combination of both fragments, the resultingE. coli clones expressed sialidase activity, the properties of the recombinant sialidase corresponding with those of the wild type enzyme. The entire chromosomal fragment of 3665 bp encompasses the complete sialidase gene of 2082 bp corresponding to 694 amino aids, from which a molecular weight of 72956 for the mature protein can be deduced. The first 41 amino acids are mostly hydrophobic and probably represent a signal peptide. The sialidase structural gene follows a non-coding region with an inverted repeat and a ribosome-binding site. Upstream from the regulatory region, another open reading frame (ORF) was detected. The 3-terminus of the sialidase structural gene is directly followed by a further ORF of unknown function, which possibly encodes a putative permease or the acylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase involved in sialic acid catabolism. The primary structure of the large isoenzyme is very similar to the sialidase ofClostridium septicum (55% identical amino acids), whereas the homology with the small form of the same species is comparatively low (26%). 相似文献
10.
Domenico Acquotti Giovanni Fronza Laura Riboni Sandro Sonnino Guido Tettamanti 《Glycoconjugate journal》1987,4(2):119-127
The complete definition of the chemical structure of GD1b-ganglioside (GD1b) lactone isolated from human brain has been given by means of spectrometric and spectroscopic analyses. GD1h lactone contains a single ester linkage involving the external sialic acid carboxyl group and the C-9 hydroxyl group of the internal sialic acid unit. A synthetic lactone of GD1b prepared treating GD1b with glacial acetic acid characterized in the same way showed an identical chemical structure.Abbreviations: Ganglioside nomenclature is according to Svennerholm [16] and the IUPAC-IUB Recommendations [17] GM1
GM1-ganglioside, II3NeuAc-GgOse4Cer, Gal1-3GalNac1-4[NeuAc2-3]Gal1-4Glc1-1Cer
- GD1b
GD1b-ganglioside, II3(NeuAc)2GgOse4Cer, Gal1-3GalNAc1-4[NeuAc2-8NeuAc2-3]Gal1-4Glc1-1Cer
- GD1b lactone
GD1b-L, Gal1-3GalNAc1-4[NeuAc(1-9)2-8NeuAc2-3]Gal1-4Glc1-1Cer
- Cer
ceramide
- FAB-MS
fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry
-
1H-NMR
proteon nuclear magnetic resonance
- 1D-NMR
one dimensional NMR
- 2D-COSY
two dimensional correlated spectroscopy
- DMSO-d6
deuterated dimethylsulfoxide 相似文献
11.
D. Bai R. Reeleder J. E. Brandie 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1995,91(8):1184-1189
Linkage of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers with a single dominant gene for resistance to black root rot (Chalara elegans Nag Raj and Kendrick; Syn. Thielaviopsis basicola [Berk. and Broome] Ferraris) of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), which was transferred from N. debneyi Domin, was investigated in this study. There were 2594 repeatable RAPD fragments generated by 441 primers on DNAs of Delgold tobacco, a BC5F8 near isogenic line (NIL) carrying the resistance gene in a Delgold background, and PB19, the donor parent of the resistance gene. Only 7 of these primers produced eight RAPD markers polymorphic between Delgold and PB19, indicating there are few RAPD polymorphisms between them despite relatively dissimilar pedigrees. Five of the eight RAPD markers were not polymorphic between Delgold and the NIL. All of these markers proved to be unlinked with the resistance gene in F2 linkage tests. Of the remaining three RAPD markers polymorphic between Delgold and the NIL, two were shown to be strongly linked with the resistance gene; one in coupling and the other in repulsion. Application of the two RAPDs in the elimination of linkage drag associated with the N. debneyi resistance gene and marker-assisted selection for the breeding of new tobacco cultivars with the resistance gene is discussed. 相似文献
12.
Asim K. Dutta-Roy Margaret J. Gordon Derek J. Leishman Brian J. Paterson Garry G. Duthie William P. T. James 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》1993,123(1-2):139-144
An -tocopherol-binding protein has been isolated and purified from rabbit heart cytosol. The purified protein had an apparent molecular mass of 14,200, as derived from SDS-PAGE. The content of the protein in rabbit heart was around 11.8 g per g of tissue. The binding of -tocopherol to the purified protein was rapid, reversible, and saturable. Neither nor tocopherol could displace the bound -tocopherol from the protein, suggesting a high specificity for -tocopherol. -Tocopherol-binding protein did not bind oleate. Transfer of -tocopherol from liposomes to mitochodria was stimulated 8-fold in the presence of the binding protein, suggesting that this protein may be involved in the intracellular transport of -tocopherol in the heart. 相似文献
13.
Jean-Michel Wieruszeski Jean-Claude Michalski Jean Montreuil Gérard Strecker 《Glycoconjugate journal》1990,7(1):13-26
The major pentasaccharides Fuc(1-2)[GalNAc(1-3)]Gal(1-4)[Fuc(1-3)]Glc and Fuc(1-2) [Gal(1-3)]Gal(1-4)[Fuc(1-3)]Glc, which are normally present in the urine of bloodgroup A Leb and B Leb healthy subjects, were each found to be contaminated by a minor component when analysed by1H-NMR. The determination of these structures, Fuc(1-2) [GalNAc(1-3)]Gal(1-3)[Fuc(1-4)]Glc and Fuc(1-2) [Gal(1-3)]Gal(1-3)[Fuc(1-4)]Glc, was based on the results of methylation analysis and1H/13C-NMR spectroscopy.Abbreviations HPLC
high performance liquid chromatography
- GLC
gas liquid chromatography
- NMR
nuclear magnetic resonance
- COSY
correlation spectroscopy
- Gal
d-galactopyranose
- GalNAc
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galactopyranose
- Glc
d-glucopyranose
- Fuc
l-fucopyranose
- LNDFH I
lacto-N-difucohexaose I (Leb determinant 相似文献
14.
Irene M.A. Nooren Ke-Yu Wang Philip N. Borer István Pelczer 《Journal of biomolecular NMR》1998,11(3):319-328
The subject RNA models the binding site for the coat protein of the R17 virus, as well as the ribosome recognition sequence for the R17 replicase gene. With an RNA of this size, overlaps among the sugar protons complicate assignments of the 1H NMR spectrum. The cross peaks that overlap significantly in 2D-NOE spectra can frequently be resolved by introducing a third, in our approach the double-quantum, frequency axis. In particular the planes in a 3D-NOE/2QC spectrum perpendicular to the 2Q axis are extremely useful, showing a highly informative repeating NOE-2Q pattern. In this experiment substantial J-coupling confers special advantages. This always occurs for geminal pairs (H5/H5 for RNA plus H2/H2 for DNA), as well as for H5/H6, for H3/H4 in sugars with substantial populations of the N-pucker, for H1/H2 for S-puckered sugars, and usually for H2/H3. For the 24-mer RNA hairpin the additional information from the 3D-NOE/2QC spectrum allowed assignment of all of the non-exchangeable protons, eliminating the need for stable-isotope labeling. 相似文献
15.
D. C. Baker D. K. Dougall W. E. Gläßgen S. C. Johnson J. W. Metzger A. Rose H. U. Seitz 《Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture》1994,39(1):79-91
Anthocyanins isolated and characterized from the wild carrot suspension cultures used here were 3-O--D-glucopyranosyl-(16)-[-D-xylopyranosyl-(12)-]-D<-galactopyranosylcyanidin (1), 3-O-[-D- xylopyranosyl-(12)--D-galactopyranosyl]cyanidin (2), 3-O-(6-O-sinapoyl)--D-glucopyranosyl-(16)-[-D- xylopyranosyl-(12)-]-D-galactopyranos ylcyanidin (3), 3-O-(6-O-feruoyl)--D-glucopyranosyl-(16)-[- D-xylopyranosyl-(12)-]-D-galactopyranosylcyanidin (4), 3-O-(6-O-coumaroyl)--D-glucopyranosyl-(16)- [-D-xylopyranosyl-(12)-]-D-galactopyrano sylcyanidin (5), 3-O-[6-O-(3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamoyl)]-- D-glucopyranosyl-(16)-[-D-xylopyranosyl-(12)-]-D-galactopyranosylcyanidin (6), 3-O-[6-O-(3,4-dime- thoxycinnamoyl)]--D-glucopyranosyl-(16)-[-D-xylopyranosyl-(12)-]-D-galactopyranosylcyanidin (7), 3-O-[(6-O-sinapoyl)--D-glucopyranosyl-(16)--D-galactopyranosyl]cyanidin (8), and 3-O-(-D-galactopyranosyl)cyanidin (9). Except when cinnamic acids were provided in the culture medium, the major anthocyanin present in the two clones examined was 2. When the naturally occurring and some non-naturally occurring cinnamic acids were provided individually in the medium, 1 and 2 were minor components and the anthocyanin acylated with the supplied cinnamic acid, namely 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 was the major anthocyanin present in the tissue. When caffeic acid was provided the major anthocyanin in the tissue was 4, thereby suggesting that the caffeic acid was methylated before its use in anthocyanin biosynthesis. Other cinnamic acids supplied had limited effects on the anthocyanins accumulated and appeared not to result in the accumulation of new anthocyanins by the tissue. Thus the tissue can use some but not all analogues of sinapic acid to acylate anthocyanins. Additional anthocyanins were detected in extracts of the wild carrot tissue cultures using mass spectrometry (both MS/MS and HPLC/MS). The additional compounds detected have also been found in cultures of black carrot, an Afghan cultivar of Daucus carota ssp. sativa and the flowers of wild carrot giving no evidence for qualitative differences in the anthocyanins synthesized by subspecies, cell cultures from subspecies, or clones from cell cultures. There are major differences in the amounts of individual anthocyanins found in cultures from different subspecies and in different clones from cell cultures. Here anthocyanins without acyl groups were usually found in the tissues and their accumulation is discussed. On the basis of the structures of the isolated anthocyanins, a likely pathway from cyanidin to the accumulated anthocyanins is proposed and discussed.Abbreviations Sin
sinapoyl
- Fer
feruoyl
- 4-Coum.
4-coumaroyl
- 3,4-MeO2Cin
3,4-dimethoxyeinnamoyl
- 3,4,5-MeO3Cin
3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamoyl
- Cya
cyanidin 相似文献
16.
Shcheglovitov A. K. Zhelay T. I. Kondratskii A. P. Naidenov V. G. Shuba Ya. M. 《Neurophysiology》2004,36(2):93-101
We analyzed the effects of nifedipine on a family of recombinant low-threshold Ca2+ channels functionally expressed in Xenopus oocytes and formed by three different subunits (1G, 1H, and 1I). The 1G and 1I channels demonstrated a low sensitivity to nifedipine even in high concentrations (IC50 = 98 and 243 M, maximum blocking intensity Amax = 25 and 47%, respectively). At the same time, the above agent effectively blocked channels formed by the 1H-subunit (IC50 = 5 M and Amax = 41%). The nifedipine-caused effects were voltage-dependent, and their changes depended on the initial state of the channel. In the case of 1G-subunits, the blockade was determined mostly by binding of nifedipine with closed channels, whereas in the cases of 1H- and 1I-subunits this resulted from binding of nifedipine with channels in the activated and inactivated states. The obtained data allow us to obtain estimates of the pharmacological properties of the above three subtypes of recombinant channels and, in the future, to compare these characteristics with the properties of low-threshold Ca2+ channels in native cells. 相似文献
17.
Eliezer E. Goldschmidt 《Plant Growth Regulation》1984,2(1):9-13
The relationship of abscisic acid (ABA) and 2-trans-abscisic acid (t-ABA) to alternate bearing has been examined in Wilking mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) trees. Leaves, stems and buds of trees loaded with fruit (on trees) had 4.3, 6.0 and 2.2 fold higher ABA levels than the corresponding organs from off trees. Leaves had higher ABA levels than stems and buds in both on and off trees. t-ABA was non-detectable in Wilking leaf, stem and bud tissue. Amounts of t-ABA not exceeding 40% of the ABA content, were found in Shamouti and Valencia orange buds and in Wilking fruit peel.The elevated levels of ABA in on tree organs may reflect a stress imposed by the fruit overload. 相似文献
18.
W. Hofmann 《Hydrobiologia》1980,73(1-3):255-258
Keratella cochlearis occurs in many Holstein lakes (northern Germany) as three well defined and separated forms: cochlearis, hispida, and tecta, each showing very little variation between the lakes. The present data show that the tecta form did not originate from a Lauterborn cycle. 相似文献
19.
Incorporation and release of 14C-label in prenylquinones of Chlorella was investigated under steady state conditions. After one hour of 14CO2-photosynthesis all plastid quinones investigated were labeled. The highest label was found in phylloquinone (18%) while -tocopherol exhibits the lowest label (0.38%). Among the plastoquinones, plastohydroquinone-9 shows a higher labeling degree (5.1%) and a faster labeling kinetic than plastoquinone-9 (1.6%). After replacement of 14CO2 against 12CO2 the total radioactivity in plastohydroquinone-9, -tocopherol and phylloquinone decreases but in -tocoquinone and plastoquinone-9 proceeds further. From this labeling kinetic we conclude, that newly synthesized [14C]-tocopherol molecules are converted to [14C]-tocoquinone and [14C]plastohydroquinone-9 molecules to [14C]plastoquinone-9. From their 14C-incorporation kinetic half-lives could be calculated for all prenylquinones in the same ranges as previously found for the chlorophylls and carotenoids (Grumbach et al., 1978). Half-lives are shorter in plastohydroquinone-9 (30 min) and plastoquinone-9 (40 min) than in phylloquinone (55 min), -tocoquinone (50 min) and -tocopherol (220 min). This means that all prenyl-lipids such as chlorophyll a, -and -carotene, plastohydroquinone-9 and plastoquinone-9 which are more directly involved in the process of photosynthesis are subject to a continuous and higher turnover than the xanthophyll and -tocopherol. From the fast labeling kinetic and short half-lives of -tocoquinone and especially phylloquinone with a labeling degree of 12% after one hour of 14CO2 photosynthesis we suppose that perhaps these two prenylquinones are also involved in the photosynthetic activity of chloroplasts. 相似文献
20.
Walter A. Prütz 《Radiation and environmental biophysics》1984,23(1):1-6
Summary The fluorescent intercalation complex of ethidium bromide (ETB) with DNA was used as a probe to compare the effects of various radicals with respect to impairment of the DNA base-pair region.OH radicals inhibit up to 0.7 dye intercalations perOH at low salt concentration, and for various oxidizing species the effect decreases in the orderOH > Br
2
– > N
3
> $$
" align="middle" border="0">
(SCN)
2
–. DNA impairment by theOH product of Met-Gly is comparable to that of N
3
, but no effect was found due to the interaction between DNA and Lys-Tyr-Lys phenoxyl radicals. The reducing speciese
aq
–
, H, O
2
–, and CO
2
– hardly affect the DNA-ETB intercalation. 相似文献