锐尖山香圆叶中三萜类成分的研究

从锐尖山香圆(Turpinia arguta (Lindl.) Seem.)叶中分离得到了11个三萜类化合物。通过光谱分析,分别鉴定其结构为熊果酸(1), 3β,6β,23-trihydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid (2), 3β,6β,23-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (3), 3β,6β,19α,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (4), 1 α, 3β,23-trihydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid (5), arjunglucoside II (6), rosamultin (7), 3β-O-β-D-glucopyranoylcincholic acid (8), cinchonaglycoside C (9), mussaendoside S (10) 和3β-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl quinovic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (11)。除化合物1和6,其它化合物均为首次从山香圆叶中分离得到。     

中国广西红树林植物海漆的化学成分研究

用硅胶柱层析和凝胶柱层析对红树林植物海漆(Excoecaria agallochaL.)的乙酸乙酯提取物进行分离纯化,从中分离得到9个化合物;通过波谱学数据它们分别鉴定为kayadiol(1)、8(14),15-isopimaradiene-7α,18-diol(2)5、,11-epoxy-9-hydroxy-7-megastigmen-3-one(3)、annuionone E(4)、28,30-dihydroxy-lup-20(29)-ene-3-one(5)、mes-sagenic acid G(6)、3,β24-dihydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid(7)s、yringaresinol(8)、ethyl gallate(9)。这些化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

肋果茶中的萜类化学成分研究

从肋果茶(Sladenia celastrifolia)95％乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯部位中分离得到15个萜类化合物,经波谱学方法分别鉴定为sladeniafolin A(1),grasshopper ketone (2),(3S,5R,6S,7E,9R) -7-megastigmene-3,6,9-triol (3),hedytriol (4),(3S,5R,6R,7E,9R) -3,5,6,9-tetrahydroxy-7-megastigmene(5),1′S*,4′R*-8-(4′-hydroxy-2′,6′,6′-trimethylcyclohex-2-enyl)-6-methyloct-3E,5E,7E-trien -2-one (6),2α,3α,19α,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (7),2α,3β,19α,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(8),pomolic acid(9),3-O-acetyl pomolic acid(10),ursaldehyde (11),camarolide (12),3β-hydroxyurs-11-en-13β(28) -olide (13),3β-hydroxy -11α,12α-epoxy-urs-13β,28-olide (14)和28-0-β-D-glucopyranosyl euscaphic acid (15).以上化合物均首次从该植物中分离得到,其中1为新的C9裂环烯醚萜.     

无柄新乌檀中的三萜

Two new triterpenoids, 3β, 15α, 21β, 23-tetrahydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid (1), 3β, 6α, 21β, 23-tetrahydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid (2), together with seven known compounds, viz., paeonol (3), 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (4), scosoletin (5), anthraquinones chrysophanol (6), 4H-1-benzopyran-4-one, 5, 7-dihydroxy-2-methyl (7), β-sitosterol (8) and stigmasterol glucoside (9) were isolated by the chromatography of the silica gel, RP-18 and Sephadex-LH 20 from the EtOAc extract of Neonauclea sessilifolia (Roxb.) Merr. ( Rubiaceae ). Their structures were elucidated based on spectral analysis including 1D-, 2D-NMR (HMQC, HMBC), IR and EIMS. Among them, compound 6 was shown to possess inhibitory activity on the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Zopf) Lehmann et Neumann with a minimum inhibitory amount of 25 礸, compounds 2 and 4 also showed weak inhibitory activities on the growteof M. tuberculosis.     

广东紫珠中的萜类化合物及其抗炎活性

对岭南药材广东紫珠(Callicarpa kwangtungensis)地上部分进行化学成分研究,得到11个萜类化合物,分别鉴定为sambucunlin A(1)、2α-羟基羽扇豆醇(2)、swinhoeic acid(3)、3β-羟基-乌苏烷-11-烯-13β,28-内酯(4)、蔷薇酸(5)、2α,3β,6β,18β,23-pentahydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid(6)、rel-5-(3S,8S-dihydroxy-1R,5S-dimethyl-7-oxa-6-oxobicyclo-oct-8-yl)-3-methyl-2Z,4E-pentadienoic acid(7)、salvionoside B(8)、齐墩果酸(9)、白桦脂酸(10)和α-香树脂醇(11)。其中,化合物1～4和6～8为首次从该属植物中分离得到。在化学成分分离基础上,进一步选择脂多糖(LPS)诱导的RAW 264.7小鼠巨噬细胞炎症模型进行萜类化合物抗炎活性测试。结果表明:化合物3和9具有显著的抗炎活性,对比结构发现,三萜类化合物(3～6、9和11)抗炎活性优于倍半萜类化合物(7和...     

金叶子的化学成分

从金叶子(Craibiodendron yunnanenseW.W.Smith)叶部分的70%丙酮提取液中共分离得15个化合物,分别鉴定为:asebotoxin-III(1),grayanotoxin-XVIII(2),leucothol A(3),proA-4(4),槲皮素-3-O-β-半乳吡喃糖苷(5),槲皮素-3-O-α-阿拉伯呋喃糖苷(6),槲皮素-3-O-α-鼠李吡喃糖苷(7),山奈酚-3-O-α-鼠李吡喃糖苷(8),2,4-bis(4-hydroxyphengl)-1,3-cyclobutane dicarboxglic aicd(9),(Z)-对羟基桂皮酸(10),(E)-对羟基桂皮酸(11),香草酸(12),2α,3β-dihydroxyurs-5,12-dien-28-oic acid(13),2α,3β,23-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid(14)和β-谷甾醇(15)。化合物1~4,8~14为首次从该种植物中得到。其中木藜芦烷类二萜asebotoxin-III(1)为主成分之一,我们推测化合物1和其余两个木藜芦烷类二萜grayanotox-in-XVIII(2),leucothol A(3)为金叶子的活性成分,可能与该植物具有活络止痛的药效有密切的关系。     

广藿香大极性化学成分的研究

从广藿香(Pogostemon cablin (Blance)Benth.)地上部分乙醇提取物的正丁醇萃取部位分离得到13个化合物.通过光谱和波谱分析,分别鉴定为:芹菜素(1)、3,5,4'-三羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮(2)、3,5-二羟基_4',7-二甲氧基黄酮(3)、Apigenin 7-galacturonide(4)、Apigenin 7-(O-methylghacuronide)(5),Luteolin 7-O-(6-O-methyl-β-D-glucuronopyranoside)(6),4',5-二羟基-3',7-二甲氧基二氢黄酮(7)、Quercetha-7-β-D-ghcoside(8),3,23-Dihydroxy-12-oleanen-28-oic acid(9)、Syringaresinol-β-D-glucoside(10),毛蕊花糖苷(11)、列当苷(12)、紫葳新苷(13),化合物2～13均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

光果金樱子三萜类化合物的分离鉴定与抗SARS-CoV-2活性评价

为了解光果金樱子(Rosa laevigata var. leiocapus)的三萜类化学成分及其抗严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2活性(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2)，运用多种色谱分离技术从其95%乙醇提取物中分离得到15个三萜化合物。根据理化性质及波谱数据，分别鉴定为：laevigaterpeneA(1)、2α,23-二羟基齐墩果酸(2)、1β-羟基蔷薇酸(3)、3β-(p-hydroxytrans-cinnamoyloxy)olean-12-en-28-oic acid (4)、3β-反式对羟基肉桂酰氧基-2α-羟基齐墩果酸(5)、2α,3α-二羟基-12-烯-28-齐墩果酸(6)、坡模酸(7)、桦木酸甲酯(8)、2α,3α,19α,23-四羟基-12-烯-乌苏酸(9)、乙酰基-11α-甲氧基-β-乳香酸(10)、阿江榄仁尼酸(11)、2α,3α,19α-trihydroxy-28-norurs-12-ene (12)、蔷薇酸(13)、2α,19α-dihydroxy-3-oxo-12-urse...     

红根草三萜类化学成分的研究

该研究利用大孔吸附树脂D101、MCI树脂、正相硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20和反相HPLC等多种色谱分离方法,对红根草95%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部位进行了分离。结果表明:通过分离共得到了10个化合物,经波谱数据分析鉴定为3-表-白桦脂酸(1)、白桦脂醇(2)、齐墩果酸(3)、3β,6β,23-三羟基-12-烯-28-齐墩果酸(4)、高根二醇(5)、2α,3β,23-三羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(6)、2α,3β,19α-三羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(7)、2α,3α,24-三羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(8)、2α,3α,24-三羟基-12,20(30)-二烯-28-乌苏酸(9)、山奈酚-3-O-葡萄糖苷(10)。其中,化合物1为首次从鼠尾草属植物中分离得到,化合物2、4、5、6、7、8、9、10为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

地菍的化学成分(英文)

为了研究野牡丹科药用植物地菍(Melastoma dodecandrum)的化学成分,采用柱层析方法分离鉴定了15个化合物,通过波谱分析及对比文献等方法鉴定为4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-3,3',4'-三甲氧基鞣花酸(1),槲皮素3-O-刺槐二糖苷(2),8-C-吡喃葡萄糖基-5,7,3',4'-四羟基黄酮(3),3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-4',5,7-三羟基黄酮(4),6-C-吡喃葡萄糖基-4',5,7-三羟基黄酮(5),3-hydroxy-22(29)-hopen-23-oic acid(6),2,3-dihydroxy-9(11)-fernen-23-oic acid(7),3β-sitosterol laminaribioside(8),姜糖酯B(9),3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside-glycerol1-alkanoates(10),胡萝卜苷(11),β-谷甾醇(12),二十八烷醇(13),二十四烷酸(14)以及三十四烷(15)化合物结构。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.