Three new species of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hyphodontia</Emphasis> s.l. (Basidiomycota) with poroid or raduloid hymenophore

Three species of Hyphodontia (Schizoporaceae) with poroid or raduloid hymenial surface are described as new to science. Hyphodontia chinensis sp. nov. was found in southwest and northeast China, having raduloid hymenophore, ventricose to subulate cystidia, and slightly thickened-walled, ellipsoid basidiospores; H. reticulata sp. nov. was found in central Japan and northern Taiwan, having poroid hymenophore, projecting peg-like structures, and encrusted cystidia; H. subtropica sp. nov. was collected from China (Yunnan province) and northern Vietnam, having poroid hymenophore, slightly apically swollen cystidioles, and pseudodimitic hyphal system. Both maximum parsimony and Bayesian methods were used to construct the phylogenetic trees based on ITS (internal transcribed spacer) sequences. The independent status of each proposed new species is based on morphological study, further confirmed by ITS-based phylogenetic analysis. The recently presented H. dimitica is found to be conspecific with H. nongravis, based on morphological and molecular evidences.     

中国产丝齿菌属一新记录种——冷杉产丝齿菌(英文)

采自吉林省长白山自然保护区的冷杉产丝齿菌(Hyphodontia abieticola)是中国新记录种,一般生于针叶树上。该种特征为子实体平伏,子实层体表面深赭色,具有长管状的囊状体和圆柱形至近腊肠形的担孢子。根据采集的材料对该种进行了详细的描述和显微结构绘图。     

Xylodon subflaviporus sp. nov. (Hymenochaetales,Basidiomycota) from East Asia

Xylodon subflaviporus (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) is described as a new species collected from tropical and subtropical regions of East Asia. This new species is characterized by resupinate basidiocarps, a poroid hymenophore, pseudodimitic hyphal system, nodose-septate hyphae, four types of cystidia (capitate, acicular to cylindrical, subulate to ventricose, and apically-encrusted), and thin-walled, colorless, smooth and ellipsoid basidiospores. Bayesian, Maximum Likelihood and Maximum Parsimony algorithms were used to construct phylogenies inferred from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA. Morphological and molecular studies, along with intercompatibility tests, confirmed the independent status of this species. Also, based on morphological and molecular evidence, six new combinations of Xylodon are proposed to accommodate species originally classified under Hyphodontia s.l., i.e. X. bubalinus, X. chinensis, X. mollissimus, X. nongravis, X. reticulatus and X. subtropicus. A key to known species of Hyphodontia s.l. with poroid, irpicoid or raduloid hymenophores is provided for the convenience in identification.     

Trichaptum (Basidiomycota, Hymenochaetales) from China with a description of three new species

Trichaptum imbricatum, T. perenne and T. podocarpi are three new species from China. They are described, illustrated and compared in this paper with similar species. Trichaptum imbricatum is unique in its imbricate basidiocarps, white to cream hymenophores, small and regular pores, and scattered and thin-walled cystidia. Trichaptum perenne differs from other species in the genus in its perennial and pileate habit, its large pores and entire dissepiments, and oblong, ellipsoid basidiospores. Trichaptum podocarpi is distinguished in having totally resupinate basidiocarps, distinctly long cystidia, and in its habitat on Podocarpus. A key to species of Trichaptum occurring in China is provided; statistical variations of spore dimensions for each species are included in the key.     

Studies in African thelephoroid fungi: 1. <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tomentella capitata</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tomentella brunneocystidia</Emphasis>, two new species from Benin (West Africa) with capitate cystidia

This paper presents Tomentella capitata and Tomentella brunneocystidia as new species based on molecular data and anatomical features. Both T. capitata and T. brunneocystidia form sister species with Tomentella pilosa. All three taxa are well supported by bootstrap values. Anatomically, T. capitata and T. brunneocystidia are very close and are similar in shape, size, ornamentation of basidiospores, and size and colour of subicular hyphae. Monomitic rhizomorphs sometimes covered by irregularly shaped thin hyphae are present in both species. Shape and pigmentation of the cystidia are the most discriminating features between T. capitata and T. brunneocystidia. The cystidia of T. capitata are maximum 35 μm long, show a distinctive globose apex and are sometimes covered with dark brown pigmentation and/or encrustation, whereas cystidia of T. brunneocystidia are bigger, up to 55 μm long, with a sub-capitate shape and dark blue to dark green contents all over their length. The differences to species, already described as having capitate and clavate cystidia, are discussed. A key for the identification of cystidioid Tomentella species is given. Taxonomical novelties: Tomentella capitata Yorou & Agerer, Tomentella brunneocystidia Yorou & Agerer.     

Three new species of Inonotus (Basidiomycota, Hymenochaetaceae) from China

Three new species of Inonotus are described and illustrated. Inonotus acutus sp. nov. is characterized by having small, thin basidiocarps with a strongly contracted base, a sharp and undulate pileus margin, ventricose hymenial setae, and ellipsoid, yellowish to yellow-brown, slightly thick-walled basidiospores. Inonotus chrysomarginatus sp. nov. differs in having an annual to perennial growth habit, pileate basidiocarps with a distinctly yellowish buff to golden-yellow margin, distinct setal hyphae and hooked hymenial setae, and broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, pale yellowish, slightly thick-walled and weakly cyanophilous basidiospores. Inonotus rigidus sp. nov. is distinguished by its resupinate and hard rigid basidiocarps, the honey-yellow pore surface, and smaller pores; microscopically, it has ellipsoid, yellowish brown and thick-walled basidiospores, and lacks both setal hyphae and hymenial setae. An identification key to the Chinese species of Inonotus sensu stricto is provided.     

中国的齿状真菌研究3.肉齿菌属

对中国肉齿菌属的3个种进行了总结,其中花状肉齿菌为中国新记录种.该种采集自海南省儋州市热带植物园,主要特征:子实体花朵状、覆瓦状叠生,囊状体棒状或纺锤形,担孢子广椭圆形.根据采集的标本对该种进行了详细的描述及显微结构绘图,对该种与其它种类的联系和区别进行了讨论,并列出了附有每种简要描述的检索表.     

Hymenochaete rhododendricola and H. quercicola spp. nov. (Basidiomycota,Hymenochaetales) from Tibet,southwestern China

Hymenochaete rhododendricola sp. nov. and Hymenochaete quercicola sp. nov. are described from Xizang Autonomous Region (Tibet), southwestern China. Hymenochaete rhododendricola is distinct in the genus by its large and heavily enmeshed setae, and growing on dead branches of Rhododendron. Hymenochaete quercicola differs from other species by its smooth or tuberculate hymenophore, presence of a cortex, relatively large and oblong‐ellipsoid basidiospores, and living on dead branches of Quercus.     

Two new species of Exobasidium causing Exobasidium diseases on Vaccinium spp. in Japan

Two new Exobasidium species on Vaccinium spp. in Japan are described and discussed. Exobasidium kishianum, which causes Exobasidium leaf blight on V. hirtum var. pubescens and V. smallii, is characterized by its ellipsoid to ovoid basidiospores with (0–)1–3 septa. Its systemic infection is also observed. Exobasidium inconspicuum, causing Exobasidium leaf blister on V. hirtum var. pubescens, is characterized by its obovoid or ellipsoid to oval basidiospores with 0–4 septa. Mode of germination of the basidiospores is by germ tube in both species. Contribution no. 199, Laboratory of Plant Parasitic Mycology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan     

New records of minute litter-decomposing basidiomycetes from Japan.Actiniceps thwaitesii (Pterulaceae) new to Japan andAnastrophella podocarpicola sp. nov. (Tricholomataceae)

Actiniceps thwaitesii (Pterulaceae) new to Japan andAnastrophella podocarpicola sp. nov. (Tricholomataceae) are described and illustrated. The former is characterized by forming stipitate-capitate basidiomata under 1 mm tall with encrusted cystidia and acanthophyses. The latter, occurring on a decaying leaf ofPodocarpus macrophyllus, differs from other taxa ofAnastrophella in having undifferentiated hymenial cystidia and smaller basidiospores and basidia. Their cultural features are also presented.     

The genus Ponticulomyces (Physalacriaceae, Agaricales) from Japan

Two species of the genus Ponticulomyces collected from Japan for the first time are described and illustrated. Ponticulomyces kedrovayae is characterized by its lamellae staining yellow when bruised and in age, stipe lacking an annulus and a pseudorhiza, scattered pileal hairs, and large amygdaliform basidiospores. It mainly occurs on dead wood of Fagus crenata. Ponticulomyces orientalis is characterized by its scattered pileal hairs and broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid basidiospores. It was collected mostly on dead wood of Cameria japonica.     

A new species of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Gymnopilus</Emphasis> Sect. <Emphasis Type="Italic">Microspori</Emphasis> from Japan

Gymnopilus ombrophilus sp. nov., growing on rotten wood of conifers and hardwoods from Niigata, Japan is described and illustrated. It is characterized by its medium-sized, brownish-orange basidiocarps with a finely squamulose pileus, stipe lacking an annulus, and mild taste, and microscopically by dextrinoid, small, broadly ellipsoid basidiospores. The new species belongs to the section Microspori. The differences between the taxon and similar species are briefly discussed.     

中国木生革菌研究Ⅰ.簇生针齿菌和离心射脉革菌(英文)

簇生针齿菌和离心射脉革菌2种木腐菌是中国新记录种。簇生针齿菌采自河南省,湖南省和云南省,该种与金黄针齿菌比较相似,但是后者的子实层体表面金黄色,担孢子较宽。离心射脉革菌采自吉林省长白山自然保护区,该菌与辐射射脉革菌比较接近,但是后者具有囊状体和较小的担孢子。本文根据采集的材料对这2个种进行了详细的描述和显微结构绘图。     

Two new species of Steccherinum (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) from Taiwan

Steccherinum cremicolor and S. elongatum are described and illustrated as new species from Taiwan. Steccherinum cremicolor is characterized by strictly resupinate basidiocarps, a fimbriate margin, short spines, generative hyphae dominating in the trama and subiculum, encrusted skeletocystidia, and ellipsoid basidiospores. Steccherinum elongatum has strictly resupinate and membranaceous basidiocarps, bearing fairly long spines, generative hyphae-dominated subiculum, elongated skeletocystidia, and ellipsoid to subglobose basidiospores.     

Erythricium atropatanum sp. nov. (Corticiales) from Iran, based on morphological and molecular data

A new corticioid species with a pinkish fruiting body is described from East Azerbaijan Province, Iran, based on nuclear ITS and LSU sequence data and morphology. Erythricium atropatanum sp. nov. is recognized by its closely adnate, pinkish fruiting body, large and broadly ellipsoid to fusoid basidiospores with densely granulate contents, and lack of clamps. The species is nested in Corticiales and the grounds for its generic designation are discussed. A key to the known species of Erythricium is presented.     

Three new species of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Russula</Emphasis> from South China

Russula lotus, R. nivalis, and R. purpureoverrucosa are proposed here as new taxa based on morphological and molecular evidences. The new species are described with illustration photographs and line drawings, and compared against related species. Morphologically, R. lotus (subgenus Heterophyllidia, section Heterophyllae, subsection Cyanoxanthinae) is characterized by a medium-sized basidioma with a pale pink to purplish pink pileus whose center area is yellowish white, white to cream white lamellae occasionally forked with lamellulae, a cream white smooth stipe, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid basidiospores ornamented with disconnected amyloid warts and inamyloid suprahilar plage, dispersed sulphovanillin (SV)-negative pileocystidia, and the pileipellis with suprapellis cells claw-assembled. Russula nivalis (subgenus Russula, section Russula, subsection Russula) is characterized by a very small pure white basidioma with a pileus 7–12 mm in diameter, abundant clavate pileocystidia and caulocystidia changing purplish red in SV, and broadly ellipsoidal to ellipsoid basidiospores ornamented with strongly amyloid warts and ridges interconnected by fine lines in an uncompleted or completed reticulum, mostly with inamyloid suprahilar plage. Russula purpureoverrucosa (subgenus Incrustatula, section Lilaceinae, subsection Lilaceinae) is characterized by a medium-sized basidioma with a red to grayish magenta pileus slightly areolate in small irregular warts from center to margin, a stipe with the same color and warts as the pileus, white to cream white occasionally forked lamellae with lamellulae, broadly ellipsoidal to ellipsoid basidiospores ornamented with amyloid warts and ridges rarely connected, abundant clavate pleurocystidia covered with thick yellowish incrustations, and the pileipellis with suprapellis cells a typical trichoderm, some of which covered with yellowish incrustations, pileocystidia absent. Phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region provided further evidence that the described species belong to the subsections above respectively, and represent new taxa.