一种新的短链脱氢/还原酶家族新成员:NADP(H)-依赖的视黄醇脱氢酶基因的克隆和分析

从牛的肝脏中快速抽提总RNA,根据GenBank已发表NADP(H)-依赖的视黄醇脱氢酶基因(NRDR)的cDNA序列,设计并合成特异引物,利用cDNA末端快速扩增(RACE)方法和反转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR),得到牛肝内的NRDR cDNA的全长序列。经测序证实,牛肝NRDR的全长cDNA序列为1266bp,其开放读码框架在24～806bp,编码260个氨基酸(GenBank登录号：AF487454)。根据NRDR基因推导出的氨基酸序列与人、鼠、兔有高度同源性,并含有SDR超家族成员的两个高度保守的模序,在其C-端含有过氧化物酶体的靶向序列为SHL。结果表明,牛的NRDR应属于过氧化物酶体内SDR超家族成员并在维甲酸合成的限速步骤起作用的酶,也为维甲酸合成的传统通路提供一个补充。     

大肠杆菌膦酸酯代谢途径中phnF基因的研究

大肠杆菌的ｐｈｎ操纵子与膦酸酯（Ｐｎ）的利用密切相关。实验利用ＰＣＲ扩增、ＴＡ克隆等方法,获得了大肠杆菌ｐｈｎ操纵子中ｐｈｎＥ、ｐｈｎＦ和ｐｈｎＧ基因的亚克隆,并进行了序列测定。通过Ｐ１噬菌体转导,构建了ｐｈｎＦ的ＴｎｐｈｏＡ’９转座子插入突变体ＪＷ１９,该突变仅对大肠杆菌的ＡＥＰｎ同化有微弱的影响,而利用ｐｈｎＥ和ｐｈｎＧ序列与染色体重组构建的ｐｈｎＦ全缺失突变株ＪＷ６７,则几乎不能在ＡＥＰｎ培养基上生长。通过ｐｈｎＦ基因的诱导高表达,用亲和柱层析分离纯化了ＰｈｎＦ蛋白,达到电泳纯。并且用凝胶延滞的方法观察到,ＰｈｎＦ蛋白与ｐｈｎ操纵子ＤＮＡ片段相互作用后,可使凝胶图谱类型发生改变。     

光复活对紫外线照射大肠杆菌后突变率的影响

通过改变UV照射时间、照射后的操作速度、光复活时的温度、时间和光强度,以光复活和暗处理后细胞存活数的比值为依据,研究了不同条件下E．coli受UV照射后的光复活效应。并以E．coli对5μg/ml链霉素抗性突变率为指标,比较了不同剂量UV照射后光复活和暗处理对E．coli突变率的影响。结果表明：光复活效应在温度10℃时最明显,且与照射时间、照射后的操作速度、光复活时间和光强度成正相关;在中、低剂量UV照射后,暗处理较光复活后E．coli对链霉素抗性突变率明显高,而在高剂量下,光复活则显著高于暗处理后的突变率。     

Molecular cloning of the F8 fimbrial antigen from Escherichia coli

Abstract The genetic determinant coding for the P-specific F8 fimbriae was cloned from the chromosome of the Escherichia coli wild-type strain 2980 (O18:K5:H5:F1C, F8). The F8 determinant was further subcloned into the Pst I site of pBR322 and a restriction map was established. In a Southern hybridization experiment identity between the chromosomally encoded F8 determinant of 2980 and its cloned counterpart was demonstrated. The cloned F8 fimbriae and those of the wild type strain consist of a protein subunit of nearly 20 kDa. F8 fimbriated strains were agglutinated by an F8 polyclonal antiserum, caused mannose-resistant hemagglutination and attached to human uroepithelial cells. The cloned F8 determinant was well expressed in a variety of host strains.     

Production and purification of Escherichia coli fimbrial antigen F165

Abstract The production of fimbrial antigen F165 by Escherichia coli strains was found to be dependent on the composition of the culture medium and was repressed in the presence of alanine or high levels of glucose, in anaerobic conditions or at growth temperatures of lower than 37°C. Optimal F165 production was found on a minimal medium containing 1% (w/v) casamino acids (MD-1). F165 antigen was isolated from bacteria by mechanical shearing, precipitated with ammonium sulfate, and purified by deoxycholate treatment and gel filtration on Superose 12. The purified fimbriae retained their native morphology as observed by electron microscopy and consisted of two separate protein subunits with apparent molecular weights of 17 500 and 19 000 on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels.     

Refined localization of the Escherichia coli F4ab/F4ac receptor locus on pig chromosome 13

Diarrhoea in newborn and weaned pigs caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) expressing F4 fimbriae leads to considerable losses in pig production. In this study, we refined the mapping of the receptor locus for ETEC F4ab/F4ac adhesion ( F4bcR ) by joint analysis of Nordic and Swiss data. A total of 236 pigs from a Nordic experimental herd, 331 pigs from a Swiss experimental herd and 143 pigs from the Swiss performing station were used for linkage analysis. Genotyping data of six known microsatellite markers, two newly developed markers ( MUC4gt and HSA125gt ) and an intronic SNP in MUC4 ( MUC4-8227 ) were used to create the linkage map. The region for F4bcR was refined to the interval SW207 – S0075 on pig chromosome 13. The most probable position of F4bcR was in the SW207 – MUC4 region. The order of six markers was supported by physical mapping on the BAC fingerprint contig from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Thus, the region for F4bcR could be reduced from 26 to 14 Mb.     

一种用质粒DNA转化大肠杆菌感受态细胞的实用操作技巧

目的是建立一种简化、实用的用质粒DNA转化大肠杆菌的操作方法.采用氯化钙法制备大肠杆菌感受态细胞.以质粒pUC18,pCSN44,pAN52-1Not,pETts,pANth和植物双元表达栽体pCAMBIA1301分别转化用于质粒扩增与保存的常用大肠杆菌菌株Top10和DH5α以及用于原核表达的常用大肠杆菌菌株BL21(DE3)和TB1.质粒与感受态细胞的混合液置冰上作用一定时间后,直接涂布含有筛选抗生素的LB平板,于37℃培养12～16h.结果表明,用不同大小的质粒DNA转化不同的大肠杆菌菌株,都可以获得满足实验要求,转化效率可高达103～4阳性克隆/μg.该方法较标准的转化流程更加简便、省时、实用.     

Microarray analysis of differential gene expression in sensitive and resistant pig to Escherichia coli F18

In this study, Agilent two‐colour microarray‐based gene expression profiling was used to detect differential gene expression in duodenal tissues collected from eight full‐sib pairs of Sutai pigs differing in adhesion phenotype (sensitivity and resistance to Escherichia coli F18). Using a two‐fold change minimum threshold, we found 18 genes that were differentially expressed (10 up‐regulated and eight down‐regulated) between the sensitive and resistant animal groups. Our gene ontology analysis revealed that these differentially expressed genes are involved in a variety of biological processes, including immune responses, extracellular modification (e.g. glycosylation), cell adhesion and signal transduction, all of which are related to the anabolic metabolism of glycolipids, as well as to inflammation‐ and immune‐related pathways. Based on the genes identified in the screen and the pathway analysis results, real‐time PCR was used to test the involvement of ST3GAL1 and A genes (of glycolipid‐related pathways), SLA‐1 and SLA‐3 genes (of inflammation‐ and immune‐related pathways), as well as the differential genes FUT1, TAP1 and SLA‐DQA. Subsequently, real‐time PCR was performed to validate seven differentially expressed genes screened out by the microarray approach, and sufficient consistency was observed between the two methods. The results support the conclusion that these genes are related to the E. coli F18 receptor and susceptibility to E. coli F18.     

仔猪BPI基因表达水平与大肠杆菌F18菌株感染的关系

文章利用已建立的苏太猪F18大肠杆菌病抗性和敏感性资源家系群体作为实验材料,分别选择8头35日龄左右生长性状基本一致的大肠杆菌F18菌株抗性和敏感性断奶仔猪,运用Real-time PCR方法检测BPI基因mRNA在断奶仔猪各个组织的分布情况,并比较其在大肠杆菌F18菌株抗性型和敏感型断奶仔猪个体间的差异表达水平,为探讨该基因在免疫和抗大肠杆菌F18菌株感染中的作用提供依据。结果表明,在对所有个体检测的11个组织中,BPI基因在心、肝、脾、肺、肾、胃、肌肉、胸腺、淋巴结中几乎不表达,或表达量很低,但在十二指肠和空肠中表达量很高。在十二指肠和空肠中,BPI基因在抗性组的表达量均显著高于敏感组的表达量(P<0.05)。由此表明,BPI基因对抗断奶仔猪肠道中大肠杆菌F18菌株的感染可能具有直接作用,并且个体对大肠杆菌F18菌株的抗性可能与BPI基因在肠道中表达量上调有关。