杏愈伤组织的超低温保存

杏茎段在附加１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ ２,４－Ｄ和０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ ＢＡ的改良ＭＳ培养基中诱导出愈伤组织,放入１０％ＤＭＳＯ＋０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ山梨醇或葡萄糖的冰冻保护剂中,以１Ｃ／ｍｉｎ的降温速度降至－４０℃,停留２ｈ后投入液氮保存,在４０℃水浴中化冻。继代培养８次生长１５－２０ｄ的愈伤组织保存后的相对存活率最高,不同品种基因型保存效果差异很大,保存后的愈伤组织生长量比对照减少,但经过２次继代培养后不再表现差     

黄瓜去顶苗花决定临界期的研究

黄瓜幼苗分别培养于诱化和诱导营养芽培养基后，逐日进行了交换培养基试验，并在培养开始２ｄ后去顶。诱导营养芽培养基中培养１－６ｄ后转入诱花培养基，成花率依次递降，７ｄ后再转成花率极低。诱花培养基中培养少于５ｄ即转诱芽培养基，成花率极低；培养６ｄ则跃增；并随诱花培养基中培养天数增加而成花率上升，直至１８ｄ达顶点。     

甘蓝型油菜抗虫转基因植株及其抗性分析

通过油菜子叶外植体－农杆菌共培养法将苏云金杆菌杀虫蛋白基因导入甘蓝型油菜,获得抗虫的转基因植株。带有１￣２ｍｍ子叶柄的油菜子叶经农杆菌感染后,共培养２￣３天,然后转移到附加１５ｍｇ／Ｌ卡那霉素的ＭＳ选择培养基上筛选转化愈伤组织及不定芽。卡那霉素抗性苗相继在含２０￣５０ｍｇ／Ｌ卡那霉素的选择培养基上继代培养,再转移到含２５ｍｇ／Ｌ卡那霉素的生根培养基上诱导生根。以苏云金杆菌杀虫蛋白基因为探针,进行１     

黑山晋枣芽培养及值株再生研究

以珍稀、优质黑山晋枣液芽为外植体建立了原种无性繁殖系。继代繁殖培养基（ｍｇ／Ｌ）：ＭＳ＋ＢＡ０．１＋ＩＡＡ０．１和ＭＳ＋ＢＡ０．１＋ＩＢＡ０．５,培养３０ｄ平均苗高３．０－３．３ｃｍ,芽繁殖系数３．３－３．５;生根培养基为ＭＳ＋ＩＡＡ０．１＋ＩＢＡ０．２及ＭＳ＋ＩＡＡ０．２＋ＩＢＡ０．２两种,生根率８３．３％,培养４０ｄ平均具根苗高达４．９９ｃｍ,一次成苗,简化程序,缩短成苗期。移载成活率８３．０     

利用新型雾化生物反应器培养青蒿不定芽生产青蒿素

利用新型的超声雾化内环流生物反应器进行青蒿（ＡｒｔｅｍｉｓｉａａｎｎｕａＬ．）不定芽多层培养生产青蒿素。在新型内环流超声雾化生物反应器中,营养雾沿中心导流筒上升并由其顶端和各开孔处溢出后从环隙落下,２～３ｍｉｎ营养雾充满整个反应器。青蒿不定芽在此反应器中生长健壮,形态正常,无玻璃化现象产生,在培养后期,青蒿不定芽长满整个培养空间,部分不定芽可生根。当雾化周期为３ｍｉｎ／９０ｍｉｎ（雾化时间／间隔时间）,通气量为０．５Ｌ／ｍｉｎ时,经２５ｄ分批培养,青蒿素产量为４６．９ｍｇ／Ｌ,分别为固体培养和摇瓶培养的２．９和３．２倍。     

植物组织培养简报摘编

幼花轴在(1)上10天左右产生白色愈伤组织,转入(2)后一个月左右形成大量不定芽,并可在(2)上继代扩增。具芽地下茎在(3)上培养半个月后,基部产生少量白色愈伤组织,转入(4)上产生芽丛,芽丛基部愈伤组织具有分化不定芽能力。上述幼苗长出2—3幼叶后,移到(5)中诱导生根,一个月后移栽成活。国内外未见报道。     

大肉姜的组织培养(摘编)

植物名称、外植体 培养基 (单位 :ｍｇ·Ｌ-1)　　 结　　果作者 (单位 )大肉姜(Ｚｉｎｇｉｂｅｒｏｆｆｉｃｉ ｎａｌｅ)不定芽(将市售大肉姜置于近阳光处 3ｄ ,包好 ,保持 30℃左右 ,2 0ｄ后即可诱导出不定芽。)丛芽诱导培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1.5 ＮＡＡ 0 .0 5增殖培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ3 .0 ＮＡＡ0 .1以上培养基均附加 0 .5 %卡拉胶 ,3%蔗糖 ,ｐＨ值为 5 .8,培养温度为 2 6～ 2 8℃ ,每天光照 12ｈ ,光照度 2 0 0 0ｌｘ。市售大肉姜诱导出的不定芽 ,用清水洗净后以 75 %酒精消毒 30ｓ,0 .1%升汞消毒 10ｍｉｎ ,无菌水冲洗 1次 ,然后…     

黄瓜去顶苗花决定临界期的研究

黄瓜幼苗分别培养于诱花和诱导营养芽培养基后,逐日进行了交换培养基试验,并在培养开始２ ｄ 后去顶。诱导营养芽培养基中培养１ ～６ ｄ 后转入诱花培养基,成花率依次递降,７ ｄ 后再转成花率极低。诱花培养基中培养少于５ ｄ 即转诱芽培养基,成花率极低;培养６ ｄ 则跃增;并随诱花培养基中培养天数增加而成花率上升,直至１８ ｄ 达顶点。表明：培养１ ～５ ｄ 期间,诱花培养基作用不明显,诱花培养基的有效作用期为６ ～１２ ｄ（ 去顶后的４ ～１０ ｄ） 。     

川芎高频再生体系的建立

为建立川芎(Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.)高频再生体系,优化了诱导和分化培养基及培养条件。以叶柄为外植体,以MS为基本培养基,KT 2.0 mg/L+IAA 0.5 mg/L的激素组合对不定芽分化最有利。在此基础上,针对外植体来源、培养条件和愈伤组织继代时间3个因素进行优化。结果表明:采用川芎无菌苗叶柄作为外植体,黑暗条件下诱导出愈伤组织,再在光照下继代培养15 d后转入分化培养基中对不定芽诱导最为有利,分化率为44.4%。分化后得到的不定芽在含NAA 0.5 mg/L和IBA 0.5 mg/L的 1/2MS培养基上生根率达90%,移栽存活率为95%。     

金黄仓鼠卵子冷冻及在人精子受精能力检测中的应用

通过对比试验,筛选出含３．０％牛血清白蛋白的ＢＷＷ培养基和２·０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ最终浓度的二甲基 亚砜（ＤＭＳＯ）冷冻保护剂配制成冷冻液,将金黄仓鼠卵以０．３－１·０℃／ｍｉｎ的冷冻速率分别降温至 －４０℃和－８０℃,再浸入液氮中冷冻保存（３～３１天）。结果表明：冷冻降温速率以０·３℃－０·５℃／ｍｉｎ 为宜,降温到一８０℃浸入液氮的冻卵存活率（６３％）比－４０℃（４６％）的高。将解冻后存活卵去除 透明带,与人获能精子进行体外穿透试验,穿卵率达３４． ４％,与新鲜卵对照组（５０％）相比,无统 计学差异（Ｐ＞０·０５）;扫描电镜观察结果与压片光镜观察相吻合。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.