珍珠菜提取物抗肿瘤作用的初步研究

观察灌服珍珠菜提取物对小鼠肉瘤 ( S1 80 )的抑制作用 ,用相同方法跟踪珍珠菜的抗肿瘤有效部位。用紫外分光光度法 ,观察了珍珠菜提取物对环磷酰胺造成骨髓抑制的保护作用 ;采用 MTT法观察不同浓度珍珠菜提取物对人白血病 HL - 6 0及 K 5 6 2细胞的体外抑制作用。结果表明珍珠菜浸膏 ( 40 0 0 m g/ kg· d)、石油醚部位 ( 2 0 0 m g/kg· d)、氯仿部位 ( 2 0 0 m g/ kg· d)、乙酸乙酯 ( 2 0 0 mg/ kg· d)部位、正丁醇部位 ( 2 0 0 mg/ kg· d)及水溶性部位 ( 2 0 0mg/ kg· d)对小鼠肉瘤 ( S1 80 )抑瘤率分别为 5 2 .74%,16 .5 1%,2 8.41%,42 .17%,48.2 1%,2 5 .2 4%;小鼠灌服环磷酰胺 ( 2 5 mg/ kg· d)能引起骨髓抑制而使骨髓中 DNA含量下降 ,如同时灌服珍珠菜浸膏 ( 2 0 0 0 m g/ kg· d)则可使小鼠骨髓 DNA含量恢复至接近正常水平 ;珍珠菜总黄酮提取物 ( 2 10μg/ m L )、乙酸乙酯部位 ( 180μg/ m L )、正丁醇部位 ( 2 10μg/ m L )作用 48h对 HL - 6 0细胞的抑制率分别为 35 .6 6 %,45 .85 %,42 .36 %;IC5 0分别为 92 .85 ,16 4.93,40 2 .6 1μg/ m L ;对 K5 6 2细胞抑制率为 5 9.94%,70 .34%,77.98%;IC5 0分别为 17.6 4,5 2 .5 3,6 4.70μg/ m L。因此 ,珍珠菜提取物对小鼠肉瘤 ( S180 )有显     

四爪陆龟血细胞形态学参数的初步研究

对四爪陆龟的血细胞进行了显微观察 ,并对红细胞和白细胞及其细胞核的大小和面积、血红蛋白含量以及红细胞渗透脆性等参数进行测量。结果表明 :( 1 )四爪陆龟红细胞含量平均值为 62 ( 5 2～ 83 )万个 mm3 血液 ;( 2 )红细胞的平均长度为 ( 1 6 70± 1 2 5 ) μm ,范围 1 5 60～ 1 7 5 2 μm ;( 3 )红细胞宽度为 ( 9 5 3± 0 92 ) μm ,范围 7 2 0～ 1 0 8μm ;( 4 )红细胞核长度为 ( 5 5 9± 0 5 9) μm ,范围 4 80～ 6 48μm ;( 5 )红细胞核宽度为 ( 3 65± 0 5 6) μm ,范围 2 64～ 4 5 6μm ;( 6)血红蛋白含量为 ( 7 3 0± 0 66)g 1 0 0ml血液 ( 6 5 0～8 5 0 ) ;( 7)红细胞渗透脆性 ,开始溶血浓度为 0 2 4%NaCl溶液 ,完全溶血浓度为 0 1 6%NaCl溶液 ;( 8)红细胞平均大小 (长径×短径 )为 ( 1 6 70× 9 5 3 ) μm2 ;( 9)白细胞平均值 0 5 6( 0 42～ 0 70 )万 mm3 ,其中嗜中性粒细胞大小为 ( 1 2 0 8± 1 86) μm ,嗜酸性粒细胞大小为 ( 9 2 5± 2 3 ) μm ,嗜碱性粒细胞大小为 ( 8 75±0 2 3 ) μm ,单核细胞大小为 ( 1 1 40± 1 0 6) μm ,淋巴细胞大小为 ( 7 5 0± 2 1 ) μm ,凝血细胞大小为 ( 4 2 0±1 40 ) μm。     

黑蛋巢菌属-中国新纪录种

包被倒圆锥状,高5～6mm,宽3～5mm,基部有菌丝垫,红褐色,絮状;壁3层,厚140μm,中间层泡状,厚70μm,内外两层均由直径2～3μm、壁厚0．4～0．8μm的菌丝所组成;外侧褐色,不具条纹,由直径4～10μm,壁厚1～1．5μm,具隔的黄褐色菌丝所组成,其上布以伸展或有时成簇的     

1998／1999年南极普里兹湾邻近海域浮游植物的分布特征

中国第 1 5次南大洋考察从普里兹湾邻近海域获得 2 5个测站的浮游植物样品 ,主要研究了其种类组成、分布及其与环境的关系。浮游植物有 5门 1 6科 2 1属 48种 (变种和变型 ) ,浮游植物平均细胞密度为 2 2 .46× 1 0 3个 /dm3,其中以硅藻类占优势 (84.51 % )。浮游植物分布以近海岸陆架区的细胞密度最高 (4 6 .0 3× 1 0 3个 /dm3) ,其次为陆坡 (4 .40× 1 0 3个 /dm3) ,深海区最低 (3.34× 1 0 3个 /dm3)。表层叶绿素a浓度为 0 .1 6～ 3.99μg/dm3,普里兹湾内和湾西部四女士浅滩海域浓度在 3.5μg/dm3以上 ;平面分布趋势浓度从湾内向西北方向递减 ,深海区浓度在 0 .5μg/dm3以下。浮游植物优势种为硅藻的短拟脆杆藻 (Fragilariopsiscurta)。浮游植物垂直分布密集区位于 0～ 50m水层 ,1 0 0m或 1 0 0m以下水层随深度的增加而细胞密度逐渐减少 ,2 0 0m水层稀少或未见。其密集区位于普里兹湾近岸陆架区 ,而陆坡及深海区细胞密度显著减少。叶绿素a浓度的最大值同样分布在 2 5m或 50m层 ,50m以下的浓度随深度的增加而降低 ,2 0 0m层叶绿素a浓度分布范围为 0 .0 1～ 0 .95μg/dm3。粒径分级叶绿素a浓度以微小型浮游生物的贡献占优势 (56 % ) ,微型浮游生物的贡献占 2 4% ,微微型浮游生物的贡献占 2 0 %。经回     

中国羽枝藻属新资料

1.山西羽枝藻 新种 图1:1—4 Cloniophora shanxiensis Y. J. Ling et S. L. Xie, sp. nov. Species affnis C. spicatae (Schmid.) Islam, sed primariis ramulis irregularibus alternatisvel oppositis, pyrenoidibus solitariis, ramuli cellulis apprime irregularibus differt. Thallo caespitoso, usque ad 5 cm longo; rhizoideis e filamenti cellulis basalibus angustis     

BALB/c小鼠血小板抽样测试与统计分析

调查了BALB c小鼠血液血小板的正常参考值范围。随机抽样BALB c小鼠 98例 ,雄性 5 0只 ,雌性 48只 ,显微镜计数法 ,按统计学原理分析 ,并对总体正常值范围估计。结果表明 ,♂ : X±SD =3 1 7 5 8± 72 0 8,μ±S X =3 1 7 5 8± 1 0 1 9,μ的可信区间估计为 3 0 0 5 0～ 3 3 4 66(90 %可信度 )、2 97 1 1～ 3 3 8 0 5(95 %可信度 )和 2 90 2 9～ 3 44 87(99%可信度 ) ,正常值范围综合估计为 1 94 92～ 41 4 95 (含 90 %总体 )、1 80 87～ 42 5 9(含 95 %总体 )和 1 5 8 67～ 45 9 62 (含 99%总体 ) ;♀ : X±SD =2 85 2 3± 71 71 ,μ±S X =2 85 2 3± 1 0 3 5 ,μ的可信区间估计为 2 67 88～ 3 0 2 5 8(90 %可信度 )、2 64 44～ 3 0 6 0 2 (95 %可信度 )和2 5 7 5 1～ 3 1 2 95 (99%可信度 ) ,正常值范围综合估计为 1 68 64～ 3 81 3 6(含 90 %总体 )、1 5 3 5 9～ 3 93 0 1(含 95 %总体 )和 1 2 8 3 6～ 42 6 65 (含 99%总体 ) ,单位为× 1 0 9 L。性别间有差异 ,P <0 0 5。本结果可为科研、教学工作提供参考。     

Wistar大白鼠血红蛋白的抽样测试与统计分析

对 6～ 8周龄Wistar大白鼠大样本随机抽样 ,眼底静脉丛取血 ,用氰化高铁血红蛋白光电比色法测血红蛋白 ,经统一分析 ,结果 ,♂ : X±SD =1 2 8 4 0± 1 1 55,μ±S x =1 2 8 4 0± 0 89,μ的可信区间估计为 1 2 6 65～ 1 3 0 1 5(可信度 95% )和 1 2 6 1 0～ 1 3 0 70 (可信度 99% ) ,正常值范围估计为 1 0 6 79～1 52 90 (含 95%总本 )和 1 0 0 3 7～ 1 59 4 8(含 99%总体 ) ;♀ : X±SD =1 2 8 79± 1 1 2 9,μ±S x =1 2 8.79± 0 87;μ的可信区间估计 1 2 7 0 8～ 1 3 0 50 (可信度 95% )和 1 2 6 53～ 1 3 1 0 4 (可信度 99% ) ,正常值范围估计 1 0 8 4 6～ 1 52 1 8(含 95%总体 )和 1 0 1 96～ 1 58 2 5(含 99%总体 ,单位均为 g/L ,性别间无显著性差异。结果可作为科研、教学等的大白鼠血红蛋白正常值的参考。     

苹果黑星病菌SSR反应体系的优化

通过对苹果黑星病菌基因组DNA的SSR反应中一些重要参数进行优化,结果表明,最适反应体系为:2 5μL体系中,10×Buffer Mg Cl2 2 0 mm ol/ L 2 .5μL ,d NTP 10 0μmol·L- 1 、引物0 .5μmol·L- 1 、Taq DNA聚合酶1.5 U ,DNA模板2 m g·L- 1 ,dd H2 O 19.5μL .PCR扩增程序为93℃,2 min,5 7℃,30 s,1个循环;72℃,1m in,93℃,30 s,5 7℃,30 s,4 0个循环;72℃,10 min.     

几种银莲花光合特性的初步分析

采用LI6400便携式光合仪分析昆明室外栽培的几种野生银莲花光合作用特性。净光合速率(Pn)和蒸腾速率(Tr)日变化均呈单峰曲线,前者的峰值出现在10～11点,后者的峰值出现在13点前后。在光强0～2000μmol·m2·s1条件下,Pn呈S曲线,光合补偿点为60～80μmol·m2·s1,饱和点为800μmol·m2·s1左右,但光强继续增加到1800μmol·m2·s1,Pn仍有少许提高;Tr随PAR的增加而缓慢地增加。在环境CO2浓度为0～350μmol·mol1条件下,Pn直线上升,草玉梅、秋牡丹和野棉花的光合CO2补偿点均为50μmol·mol1左右;Tr在环境CO2浓度25～350μmol·mol1范围内几乎呈水平线。野生银莲花的Pn和Tr表现较明显的种间差异。     

甲氰菊酯与阿维菌素的混剂防治美洲斑潜蝇田间试验

田间试验表明 ,1 9%甲氰·阿维EC 9 5g (a .i.) 667m2 对美洲斑潜蝇LiriomyzasativaeBlanchard的校正防效药后 3～ 1 1d为 87 2 2 %～ 91 3 2 % ;7 1 2 5g (a.i.) 667m2 药后 3～ 1 1d为 81 2 9%～ 85 1 0 % ;9 5g (a .i.) 667m2 药后 3～ 1 1d防效显著优于单剂甲氰菊酯 ,药后 3～ 7d显著优于单剂阿维菌素 ,药后11d防效与阿维菌素无显著区别。 1 5 %甲氰·阿维EC 7 5g (a .i.) 667m2 对美洲斑潜蝇的校正防效药后3～ 1 1d为 85 5 9%～ 89 0 9% ;5 62 5g (a .i.) 667m2 药后 3～ 1 1d为 77 1 5 %～ 85 95 %。 1 0 %甲氰·阿维EC 7 5g (a .i.) 667m2 对美洲斑潜蝇的校正防效药后 3～ 1 1d为 85 5 9%～ 89 0 9% ;5 62 5g (a .i.) 667m2 药后 3～ 1 1d为 77 1 5 %～ 85 95 %。混剂的药效基本随有效成分含量的提高而提高。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.