中国细突野螟属分类学研究及三新种描述(鳞翅目,野螟亚科)

记述中国细突野螟属Ecpyrrhorrhoe Hübner 3新种,包括弯细突野螟E.aduncis sp.nov.,刺细突野螟E.multispinalis sp.nov.和狭瓣细突野螟E.angustivalvaris sp.nov..文中提供了每个种的成虫和外生殖器特征图,以及本属所有中国已知种的分种检索表和分布图.弯细突野螟,新种Ecpyrrhorrhoe aduncis sp.nov.(图1,5,8)本种外形与指状细突野螟E d~italiforrnis Zhang,Li etWang,2004近似,但雄性外生殖器抱器瓣近等宽,抱器下突弯钩状,阳茎基环侧臂末端无齿,阳茎端膜有1粗大的刺,无角状器;雌性外生殖器小囊突Z形.指状细突野螟E魄锄蜘删矗之雄性外生殖器抱器瓣端部渐窄,抱器下突指状,阳茎基环侧臂近末端有齿,阳茎端膜有1束弯刺和1排小刺,有角状器;雌性外生殖器小囊突V形.正模♂,台湾台北四崁水,海拔550 ～ 600m,2006-08-04,李后魂、杜喜翠采,外生殖器玻片号GQ11127.副模1♀,采集记录同正模(外生殖器玻片号GQ11131♀).分布:中国(台湾).刺细突野螟,新种Ecpyrrhorrhoe multispinalis sp.nov.(图2～3,6,9)本种外形与红纹细突野螟E rub~inalis Hübner,1796近似,但雄性外生殖器抱器瓣端部略加宽,阳茎基环侧臂末端有齿,阳茎端膜具l根长粗刺,其基部一侧被3枚短刺.红纹细突野螟E似魄锄蠡之雄性外生殖器抱器瓣端部不加宽,阳茎基环侧臂末端无齿,阳茎端膜有3小刺束.正模♂,天津七里海,2001-09-09,尤平采,外生殖器玻片号GQl1075.副模:2♂♂,3♀♀,天津鸭淀,2001-08-04～ 2001-09-04,尤平采;10 ♂ ♂,3♀♀,山西省宁武县芦芽山保护区管理局,海拔1 450m,2011-07-19 ～24,郝淑莲、刘家宇采(外生殖器玻片号GQ11024 ♂,GQ11030♀,GQQQ1 1097 ♂);1 ♂,安徽泗县小良乡,2004-08-15,徐家生采(外生殖器玻片号GQ11028 ♂);1♂,安徽九华山柯村,2004-08-08,徐家生、张家亮采(外生殖器玻片号GQ11029♂).分布:中国(天津、山西、安徽).狭瓣细突野螟,新种Ecpy~horrhoe angustivalwaris sp.nov.(图4,7)本种与红纹细突野螟E.rud~indu Hübner,1796在外形上近似,但雄性外生殖器抱器腹背缘中部呈三角形突出,阳茎基环侧臂末端有齿,阳茎端膜有1簇短刺,角状器烟斗状.红纹细突野螟E r魄沈如之雄性外生殖器抱器腹背缘呈圆弧形突出,阳茎基环侧臂末端无齿,阳茎端膜有3小束刺,无角状器.正模♂,贵州麻阳河大河坝,海拔430m,2007-06-06,杜喜翠采,外生殖器玻片号GQ11081.分布:中国(贵州).     

黑带野螟属分类研究(鳞翅目,草螟科,野螟亚科)

黑带野螟属全世界已知4种,在中国都有分布,其中2种也分布在锡金和印度.记述了采自湖北和四川的1新种,凹缘黑带野螟Parbattia excavata Zhang,Li et Wang,sp.nov.(图1～3),新种与阿里黑带野螟Parbattia arisanaMunroe et Mutuura相似,其主要区别如下:新种体棕褐色,抱器瓣腹缘末端凹刻宽而深,抱器内突延伸到凹刻处的突起强烈骨化,长而弯;阿里黑带野螟体色大部分黑褐色,抱器瓣腹缘末端凹刻窄而浅,抱器内突延伸到凹刻处的突起中等骨化,短而直.本文还首次报道了中国新纪录种锯齿黑带野螟Parbattia serrata Munroe et Mutuura的雌性个体.模式标本分别保存在南开大学生物系昆虫标本室和中国科学院动物研究所昆虫标本馆.     

黑带野螟属分类研究（鳞翅目，革螟科，野螟亚科）

黑带野螟属全世界已知4种,在中国都有分布,其中2种也分布在锡金和印度。记述了采自湖北和四川的l新种,凹缘黑带野螟Parbattia excavata Zhang,Li et Wang,sp.nov.(图l-3),新种与阿里黑带野螟Parbattia arisana Munros et Mutuura相似,其主要区别如下：新种体棕褐色,抱器瓣腹缘末端凹刻宽而深,抱器内突延伸到凹刻处的突起强烈骨化,长而弯;阿里黑带野螟体色大部分黑褐色,抱器瓣腹缘末端凹刻窄而浅,抱器内突延伸到凹刻处的突起中等骨化,短而直。本文还首次报道了中国新纪录种锯齿黑带野螟Parbattia serrata Munros et Mutuura的雌性个体。模式标本分别保存在南开大学生物系昆虫标本室和中国科学院动物研究所昆虫标本馆。     

中国绢须野螟属研究(鳞翅目,草螟科,野螟亚科,斑野螟族)

记述了绢须野螟属Palpita Hubner 18种,分别为端突绢须野螟P annulifer Inoue;半环绢须野螟P.kiminensis Kirti et Rose,中国新纪录种;钩镰绢须野螟P.indannulata Inoue,中国新纪录种;小锥绢须野螟P homalia Inoue;弯囊绢须野螟P.hypohomalia Inoue;双突绢须野螟P.inusitata (Butler);细微绢须野螟P.minuscula Inoue,1996;弯刺绢须野螟P.curvdispina sp.nov.,该种与细微绢须野螟P.minuscula Inoue近似,但新种个体大,阳茎内端部角状器粗而弯可以与之相区别;尤金绢须野螟P.munroei Inoue;角斑绢须野螟P fraterna(Moore);小绢须野螟P.parvifraterna Inoue;端刺绢须野螟P.perunionalis Inoue,中国新纪录种;短叉绢须野螟P.pajnii Kirti et Rose;方突绢须野螟P warrenalis(Swinhoe);曲纹绢须野螟P.curvilinea(Janse);白腊绢须野螟P.nigropunctalis(Bremer);尖角绢须野螟P asiaticalis Inoue;宽钝绢须野螟P.sejunctalis Inoue.编制了中国绢须野螟属分种检索表,并提供了新种的外生殖器特征图.模式标本保存在南开大学生物系昆虫标本室.     

中国沟胫野螟属研究及一新种记述（鳞翅目：草螟科：野螟亚科）

沟胫野螟属全世界已记录2 种,其中中国记载1 种。本文列出了该属中国名录并提供了分种检索表,记述了采自云南1 新种。模式标本分别保存在南开大学生物系昆虫标本室(DBNU)和中国科学院动物研究所(IZCAS)。 黄斑沟胫野螟Mutuuraia flavimacularis, 新种 (图1,2) 翅展32.0 mm。新种与紫菀沟胫野螟Mutuuraia terrealis (Treitschke) 相似,但可以通过以下特征加以区别前翅中室圆斑和中室端脉斑之间有黄色方形斑;阳茎基环两背臂粗而短;抱器背末端宽圆。 正模 ♂,云南丽江,海拔2800 m,1984-Ⅶ-17,刘大军采(IZCAS)。副模1♂,1984-Ⅶ-15,其他采集资料同正模(DBNU)。     

中国目水螟属研究及一新种记述（鳞翅目：草螟科：水螟亚科）

目水螟属Nymphicula Snellen 已知24种,分布于古北区、东洋区和澳洲区。中国已知5种。本文记录中国目水螟属7种,其中直缘目水螟Nymphicula saigusai Yoshiyasu 为中国新记录种,凹瓣目水螟Nymphicula concaviuscula, sp. nov. 为1新种。文中提供了新种两性外生殖器特征图及中国已知种检索表。模式标本保存于南开大学生物系。 凹瓣目水螟Nymphicula concaviuscula, 新种 (图1,2) 　　新种与短纹目水螟Nymphicula junctalis (Hampson) 相似,主要区别在新种抱器瓣端部凹陷,雌性交配囊有明显囊突区;该新种也与角目水螟Nymphicula patnalis (Felder et Rogenhofer) 相似,区别在于新种雄性阳茎中部无橄榄形角状器,以及抱器瓣端部凹陷,雌性外生殖器具明显的囊突区。 　　正模 ♂, 贵州梵净山,27.55°N,108.41°E,2002-Ⅵ-02,600 m,王新谱采;副模1♀,同正模;2♂♂2♀♀,贵州梵净山,2001-Ⅶ-03, 1300 m,李后魂、王新谱采。     

野螟亚科一新属和二新种记述(鳞翅目,草螟科)

建立了窗野螟属Torulisquama gen.nov.,记述了2新种,即角窗野螟T. ceratophora sp.nov.和椭圆窗野螟T.ovata sP.nov..文中提供了成虫和外生殖器特征图,编制了窗野螟属分种检索表.模式标本保存在南开大学昆虫标本室.     

中国草螟亚科两新种(鳞翅目,螟蛾科,草螟亚科)

描述了草螟亚科2新种:四尖突金草螟Chrysoteuchia quadrapicula sp.nov.和刚毛微草螟Glaucocharis setacea sp.nov..首次对叉形微草螟G.furculella Wang＆Song的雌性进行了描述,绘制了新种和叉形微草螟的外生殖器图.同时报道了中国2新纪录种:喜马拉雅微草螟G.himalayana Gaskin和阿萨姆微草螟G.assamensis Gaskin.目前中国有微草螟属记录46种.四尖突金草螟Chrysoteuchiaquadrapicula sp.nov.的抱器背无突起,阳茎内有多于10枚的角状器.雌性交配囊口端有4个小的长突起.正模♂,四川万县(30.8°N,108.3°E),海拔1 200 m,1993-08-12,宋士美采.副模1♂,1♀,贵州梵净山(27.9°N,108.6°E),海拔1 300m,2001-08-01,李后魂采;副模1♂,湖北咸丰(29.8°N,114.2°E),海拔1 280 m,1999-07-22,采集人相同.正模保存在中国科学院动物研究所,副模保存在南开大学生物系.刚毛微草螟G.setacea sp.nov.的爪形突基部有一对长刚毛,阳茎内有1枚大型和5枚小型角状器.正模♂,湖北五峰(30.2°N,110.6°E),海拔1 000 m,1999-07-12,李后魂采.模式标本保存在南开大学生物系.叉形微草螟的交配孔宽大;交配腔呈漏斗形;交配囊内有两枚星形囊片.     

翎翅野螟属分类研究(鳞翅目:草螟科:野螟亚科)

翎翅野螟属Epiparbattia只包括模式种,分布在中国南部和印度。本文记述了采自云南和贵州的1新种。模式标本分别保存在南开大学生物系昆虫标本室和中国科学院动物研究所。     

中国白草螟属分类研究(鳞翅目:螟蛾科:草螟亚科)

研究了中国草螟亚科白草螟属PseudocatharyllaBleszynski的 8个种 ,描述了 1新种 ,即宽突白草螟Pseu docatharyllalatiolaSongetChen ,sp .nov .,编制了白草螟属中国种的检索表。宽突白草螟Pseudocatharyllala tiolaSongetChen ,sp .nov .与黄色白草螟P .aurifimbriella (Hampson)在雄性外生殖器上结构相近 ,但新种左侧抱器瓣的轴节腹片较宽大 ,指形突狭窄 ;后者则相反。正模♂ ,黑龙江带岭 (47 0°N ,12 9 0°E) ,海拔 390m ,196 2 0 7 0 9,采集人不详 ,标本外生殖器标本C 4 35 (IZAS)。模式标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所动物标本馆。     

A REVIEW OF HOMOLOTROPUS MACLEAY (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE: MELOLONTHINAE)

i
The genus Homolotropus is revised and four new species are described. A key to the species is given.     

绒鼠类系统学研究(啮齿目:仓鼠科:田鼠亚科)

在系统综述的基础上对绒鼠属Eothenomys的分类进行了探讨,认为Eothenomys属的典型特征应力;下颌骨臼齿咀嚼面左右两侧的三角形齿环均不呈交错排列,而是两两相对,彼此相融合;二倍染色体数2m=56,全部常染色体均为端部着丝粒（T）,东方绒鼠亚属Antheliomys5种中,至少玉龙绒鼠E.proditor不属于此属不能排除恢复Antheliomys属级分类地位的可能性,同意将Caryomys独立为绒Ping属;将Craseomys shanseius Thomas,1908(=E.shanseius)订正为棕背Ping的山西亚种C.r.shanseius。台湾绒鼠Eothenomys kanoi Tokuda,1937的染色体特征与Clethrionomys属相似,不应收入绒鼠属,其分类地位待定。Clethrionomys属和Eothenomys属化石种均最早出现于早更新世,目前还不能断定此二属究竟谁起源于谁,也许它们共同起源于第三者。     

PEROXIDASE ISOZYMES: A MEASURE OF MOLECULAR VARIATION IN TEN HERBACEOUS SPECIES OF DATURA

Leaf proteins of the 10 herbaceous species of the genus Datura were separated by electrophoresis in starch gels and stained to reveal peroxidases. A. total of 19 different sites of peroxidase bands was observed for the species as a whole. Developmental studies showed that the number of bands increased with age of the leaf during seedling growth as well as in more mature plants. Among species the number of band sites for one particular leaf (AL-4) varied from 4 to 9. Each species pattern was unique, and no single peroxidase band was common to all the species. Based on considerations of interspecific cross compatibility and chromosomal rearrangements the c assical taxonomic division of the genus into three sections was further subdivided to give five groups. The degree of phylogenetic relationship for species within vs. between these groups was assessed for the peroxidase patterns by use of statistical methods based on a hypergeometric distribution model. The probability that the observed degree of band matching was due to chance was less among species within a group than between groups, thus indicating a closer genetic association which is in agreement with the relationships arrived at by more conventional methods.     

姜科植物的引种

华南植物园二十多年来共引种姜科植物２３属,１３５种,３变种,３变型,其中存活１８属,１０３种,２变种,２变型。对长果姜（Ｓｉｌｉｑｕａｍｏｍｕｍ ｔｏｎｋｉｎｅｎｓｅ Ｂａｉｌｌ．）、茴香砂仁「Ｅｔｌｉｎｇｅｒａ ｙｕｎｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｔ．Ｌ．Ｗｕ ｅｔ Ｓｅｎｊｅｎ）Ｒ．Ｍ．Ｓｍｉｔｈ」等三级保护植物进行了迁地保护。姜科植物在我园引种有高的成活率,开花结实的种类较多,引种较为成功,特别是原产亚     

EQUIVALENCE OF COMPETITORS IN PLANT COMMUNITIES: A NULL HYPOTHESIS AND A FIELD EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH

One of the underlying assumptions of both theoretical and empirical community ecology is that the processes determining community composition and abundance of species are interactions specific to particular pairs of species. However, we argue that, in sessile plants at least, competitive interactions are not usually species-specific and that there exists a large degree of equivalence of the effect of species of similar growth form on the ability of any particular species to establish within a community. This null hypothesis of equivalence of competitive effects is based on three characteristics of plants: homogeneity of resource requirements among autotrophs; low encounter probabilities between individuals of any particular species pair; and the predominance of size asymmetries between competing individuals (e.g., seedling-adult interactions.) We present an experimental design to quantify competitive interactions among plant species under field conditions and therefore enable statistical comparisons of competitive abilities among species. The competitive effect of one “neighbor” species on one “target” species is measured as the slope of a regression of performance of target individuals on biomass (or other measure of amount) of its immediate neighbors. Use of the design to test for equivalence of competitive effects and other advantages are described.     

中国食蚜蝇属一新种记述(双翅目：食蚜蝇科)

中国食蚜蝇属一新种记述（双翅目：食蚜蝇科）何继龙,储西平（上海农学院园林环境科学系上海２０１１０１）（江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所南京２１００１４）食蚜蝇属Ｓｙｐｈｕｓ是Ｆａｂｒｉｃｉｕｓ建立于１７７５年。此时的食蚜蝇属Ｓｙｒｐｈｕｓ（ｓ．１．）是...     

新米虾属的修订（甲壳亚门：十足目：匙指虾科）

本文回顾了新米虾Ｎｅｏｃａｒｉｄｉｎａ的研究历史及存在争议,根据形态,生活史,生态和地理分布四个主要性状的综合考虑,提出确认新米虾属Ｎｅｏｃａｒｉｄｉｎａ,修订了属征,并整理了该属现有种类,修订后的Ｎｅｏｃａｒｉｄｉｎａ共１９种类及亚种,分布于中国,日本,朝鲜及越南,文中记述６新种及新亚种,Ｎ．ｚｈａｎｇｊｉａｊｉｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．Ｎ．ｅｕｓｐｉｎｏｓａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．ｎ。ｄｅｎｔｉｃｕｌａｔ     

NEW SPECIES OF HALIMEDA: A TAXONOMIC REAPPRAISAL12

A study of new Halimeda material available from the International Indian Ocean Expedition, and of type and other specimens not previously available to me, further indicated that Halimeda opuntia is a composite of species rather than a single species. The characteristics of some of its infraspecific taxa differ sufficiently from typical H. opuntia that I have elevated them to species. Extended diagnoses of three, H. hederacea, H. minima, and H. distorta, are given in this paper. Some characteristics new in Halimeda taxonomy are introduced, and distinguishing macroscopic and microscopic characteristics for the new species are discussed. Available ecological data are included.     

扇脊姬蜂属一新种：膜翅目：姬蜂科

本文记述扇脊姬蜂属Ａｌｃｏｃｈｅｒａ Ｆｏｅｒｓｔｅｒ１新种－白颈扇脊姬蜂Ａｌｃｏｃｈｅｒａ ａｌ－ｂｉｃｅｒｕｉｃａｌｉｓ,ｓｐ．ｎ．。模式标本保存在林业部森林病虫害防治总结。     

ATTRIBUTES OF CHLOROCOCCUM SPECIES: A NUMERICAL ANALYSIS2

From previously published data, 73 characteristics of 17 species of Chlorococcum were compiled. Comparisons of character states of each character were made, and simple matching coefficients were calculated for each species by following the procedure of Sokal & Michener. From a data matrix of the matching coefficients, a phenogram was constructed according to the unweighted pair group method of Sokal & Sneath. Arithmetic averages were used in transferring data from one matrix to another. The frequency of each character state was calculated, and the character states of the highest frequency (the modes) were used to describe a “typical” Chlorococcum species. Comparisons were made between the “typical” Chlorococcum species and each of the 17 species studied. Simple matching coefficients were also calculated from these comparisons. All of the species had a relatively high affinity for the data of the calculated “typical”. Suggestions are made about the use of a “typical” taxonomic unit, and questions are raised about the taxonomic relationship among species of the genus Tetracystis and the genus Chlorococcum.