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Jonás C. Agulló Ana Juan MÁngeles Alonso Alejandro Terrones Manuel B. Crespo 《Plant biosystems》2013,147(3):645-653
In this study, we present the results of morphological studies on the SW Mediterranean Ononis tridentata aggregate, in order to establish the identity and taxonomic status of the only known Moroccan population. By using multivariate morphometric techniques (principal component analysis and discriminant analysis), we examined the diagnostic potential of 14 morphological characters. Moroccan individuals of O. tridentata are well characterised by their long inflorescence axis and calyx lobes frequently toothed among other distinguishing characters. As the Moroccan population is distinct in multivariate morphometric space and occupies an isolated geographical distribution, we recommend the taxonomic status of subspecies: O. tridentata subsp. mauretanica (Maire) Agulló, Juan, M.A. Alonso, Terrones & M.B. Crespo stat. nov. 相似文献
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潜蝇姬小蜂Diglyphus属膜翅目Hymenoptera姬小蜂科Eulophidae,其分布广泛,种类多样,是潜叶蝇的优势寄生性昆虫;潜叶蝇是危害水稻和蔬菜等经济作物的重要害虫。同形潜蝇姬小蜂D.isaea(Walker, 1838)和波氏潜蝇姬小蜂D.poppoea Walker, 1848,安纳潜蝇姬小蜂D.anadolucus Doganlar, 1982,卡布潜蝇姬小蜂D.chabrias(Walker, 1844)的外形相似,需进一步挖掘4种小蜂在形态结构上的种间差异,为其在形态分类及系统发育研究提供更为详细的基础资料。本研究采用非参数检验和多元比例(multivariate ratio analysis, MRA)对40头标本的25个形态特征的测量数据进行分析,研究4种小蜂种间形态差异,筛选出了多个具有分类学意义的特征。非参数检验结果表明,在25个形态特征中,4种小蜂种间差异显著;主成分分析结果发现,前翅(fw.l),后翅(hw.l, hw.w)和体长(b.l)是主成分1和2的代表指标;线性判别分析结果显示b.l∶c.l、hw.w∶ptl.l、hw.w∶mst.l和ppd... 相似文献
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Utricularia sect. Foliosa Kamiénski comprises three recognized species, U. amethystina Salzm. ex A.St.-Hil. & Girard, U. tricolor A.St.-Hil., and U. tridentata Sylvén, delimited based mainly on shape and structure of the corolla. In comparison with the two latter members of the section, U. amethystina forms a complex of morphological variants, reflected taxonomically by the previous recognition of 31 synonyms. In his monograph of the genus, Taylor synonymized these taxa based primarily on his observation of continuous morphological variation of the flowers. In the same treatment he also suggested a future taxonomic re-evaluation could re-establish two, three or more taxa. Here we examine this question utilizing morphometric analyses of floral variation across most of the synonyms mentioned above, within populations from across their Neotropical distribution. Based on both morphological and geographic characters we identify strongly differentiated morphotypes. Our data provide support for both the maintenance of taxa previously recognised as synonyms under U. amethystina, and the resurrection of taxa to species status, namely U. bicolor, U. damazioi, U. lindmanii and U. hirtella, and four other putative new taxa. 相似文献
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Eric Wahlsteen 《Feddes Repertorium》2020,131(1):72-81
Several morphometrical methods were evaluated with the purpose of distinguishing individual maple trees by their samaras and to reveal shape trends. Landmarks for geometric morphometrics gave 97–98% correctly classified trees in a jackknifed confusion matrix from discriminant analysis, fan-positioned landmarks and semilandmarks 92%, linear data 79% and elliptic Fourier analysis 65% correctly classified trees. Several principal component analyses (PCA) where conducted revealing shape trends in the investigated samaras. The linear data revealed change in length and the geometric and Fourier data change in the direction of the samara wing. MANOVA and NPMANOVA revealed significant differences between several group means. The results suggest that: 1) landmarks may be an adequate method for distinguishing different individuals of maples 2) the main shape change concerns the direction of the samara wing, which may be horizontal, curved upwards or downwards. 相似文献
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Multivariate morphometrics and allometry in a polymorphic ant 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
J. A. F. Diniz-Filho C. J. Von Zuben H. G. Fowler M. N. Schlindwein O. C. Bueno 《Insectes Sociaux》1994,41(2):153-163
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Lantoniaina Andriamampianina Claire Kremen Dick Vane-Wright David Lees Vincent Razafimahatratra 《Journal of Insect Conservation》2000,4(2):109-128
Distributional ranges of 17 genera and 172 species of Malagasy tiger beetles (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae) have been compiled to determine patterns of species richness and endemism. These patterns reveal large sampling gaps, and potential priority areas for conservation action. Northern and south-western parts of the island are richer in genera, whereas eastern and especially northern parts of the rainforest show higher species richness, due to extensive radiations within the genera Pogonostoma and Physodeutera. A set of 23 areas are identified in this study as priority foci for tiger beetle conservation, and six general regions are bioinventory priorities. 相似文献
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STEFAN H. EBERHARD HANS L. NEMESCHKAL HARALD W. KRENN 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2009,97(3):604-612
The Neotropical genus Heliconius (Nymphalidae) is unique among butterflies for its pollen-feeding behaviour. With the application of saliva, they extract amino acids from pollen grains on the outside of the proboscis. We predicted that the salivary glands of pollen-feeding Heliconiinae would show adaptations to this derived feeding behaviour. A biometrical analysis of the salivary glands revealed that pollen-feeding butterflies of the genus Heliconius have disproportionately longer and more voluminous salivary glands than nonpollen-feeding Nymphalidae. The first two components in the principal component analysis explained approximately 95% of the total variance. The size-dependent factor score coefficients of body length and salivary gland parameters were predominately represented on axis 1. They significantly discriminated pollen-feeding from nonpollen-feeding heliconiines on that axis. Factor score coefficients for the volume of the secretory region of the salivary glands separated heliconiines from the outgroup species. The detailed biometrical analysis of salivary glands features thus provides strong evidence that the secretory regions of the salivary glands are larger in pollen-feeding butterflies. We concluded that pollen feeding is associated with a high production of salivary fluid. © 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2009, 97 , 604–612. 相似文献
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PIETER B. PELSER ROBINE HOUCHIN 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2004,145(4):489-498
Aquaticus and Barbareifolius are two subgroups of Senecio aquaticus s. l. (Asteraceae) that have been recognized at various taxonomic levels in European taxonomic literature. In this paper we present the results of morphological studies on S. aquaticus s. l. in order to establish the taxonomic status of these two subgroups. Using multivariate morphometric techniques (discriminant analysis and principal component analysis), we examined the diagnostic potential of 60 macro-morphological characters and studied the delimitation of Aquaticus and Barbareifolius. Seven of the characters studied were included in the discriminant function of the stepwise discriminant analysis and are therefore considered to be the most reliable diagnostic characters of Aquaticus and Barbareifolius. Barbareifolius has, amongst other distinguishing traits, a more divaricate inflorescence than Aquaticus. Because both subgroups are distinct but overlapping clusters in multivariate morphometric space, and because clear differences in their geographical distribution are absent, we recommend the taxonomic status of variety to both groups. Following the rules of nomenclature, Aquaticus and Barbareifolius should therefore be named S. aquaticus Hill var. aquaticus and S. aquaticus Hill var. barbareifolius (Krock.) Wimm. & Grab. © 2004 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2004, 145 , 489–498. 相似文献
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【目的】定量分析5种常见稻蝗属昆虫前后翅的形态变化规律。【方法】运用几何形态测量学方法对5种稻蝗雄性前、后翅进行量化分析,并结合主成分分析法(Principal component analysis,PCA)和薄片样条(Thin-plate spline,TPS)分析法探讨稻蝗前后翅的大小和形态变异。【结果】5种稻蝗前、后翅的大小和形态差异都比较显著,前、后翅的相似关系和5种稻蝗的系统发育关系一致。前翅差异的部位主要在缘前脉域、前缘脉域和臀脉域;后翅的差异主要在亚前缘脉域、前缘脉域及轭脉域。【结论】稻蝗前、后翅形态变化的几何形态测量学分析结果与稻蝗系统发育关系一致,可用于稻蝗属种的分类。稻蝗前、后翅发生变化的部位是其飞行时的受力部位,这些部位可以作为稻蝗物种分类特征。 相似文献
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Trine Bottos Olsen Daniel García-Martínez Chiara Villa 《American journal of physical anthropology》2023,180(1):224-234
This study aimed to test the performance of 3D digitizer, CT scanner, and surface scanner in detecting cranial fluctuating asymmetry. Sets of 32 landmarks (6 in the midline and 13 bilateral) were acquired from 14 archeological crania using a 3D digitizer, and from 3D models generated from a CT scanner and surface scanner using Viewbox 4. Levels of shape variation were analyzed in MorphoJ using Procrustes analysis of variance and Principal component analysis. Intra-observer error accounted for 1.7%, 1.8%, and 4.5% of total shape variation for 3D digitizer, CT scanner, and surface scanner respectively. Fluctuating asymmetry accounted for 15%–16% of total shape variation. Variation between techniques accounted for 18% of total shape variation. We found a higher level of missing landmarks in our surface scan data than for both 3D digitizer and CT scanner data, and both 3D model-based techniques sometimes obscured taphonomic damage. All three 3D techniques are appropriate for measuring cranial fluctuating asymmetry. We advise against combining data collected with different techniques. 相似文献
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John G. Fleagle Christopher C. Gilbert Andrea L. Baden 《American journal of physical anthropology》2010,142(4):565-578
Many studies in primate and human evolution focus on aspects of cranial morphology to address issues of systematics, phylogeny, and functional anatomy. However, broad analyses of cranial diversity within Primates as an Order are notably absent. In this study, we present a 3D geometric morphometric analysis of primate cranial morphology, providing a multivariate comparison of the major patterns of cranial shape change during primate evolution and quantitative assessments of cranial diversity among different clades. We digitized a set of 18 landmarks designed to capture overall cranial shape on male and female crania representing 66 genera of living primates. The landmark data were aligned using a Generalized Procrustes Analysis and then subjected to a principal components analysis to identify the major axes of cranial variation. Cranial diversity among clades was compared using multivariate measurements of variance. The first principal component axis reflects differences in cranial flexion, orbit size and orientation, and relative neurocranial volume. In general, it separates strepsirrhines from anthropoids. The second axis reflects differences in relative cranial height and snout length and primarily describes differences among anthropoids. Eulemur, Mandrillus, Pongo, and Homo are among the extremes in cranial shape. Anthropoids, catarrhines, and haplorhines show a higher variance than prosimians or strepsirrhines. Hominoids show the highest variance in cranial shape among extant primate clades, and much of this diversity is driven by the unique cranium of Homo sapiens. Am J Phys Anthropol 142:565–578, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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Deladenus valveus n. sp., isolated from packaging wood originated from South Korea and intercepted in Ningbo, P.R. China, is described and illustrated. Both mycetophagous and infective forms were recovered and are described. The new species D. valveus n. sp. resembles other Deladenus species in which the excretory pore is situated anterior to the hemizonid: in mycetophagous females, the excretory pore is 59 to 74 μm from the anterior end and 37 to 54 μm anterior to the hemizonid. The new species is characterized by the presence of a distinct valve at the esophago-intestinal junction in mycetophagous females and by a degenerate esophagus in mycetophagous males, both of which characters are reported for the first time in a species of Deladenus. 相似文献
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ANA CARINA S. PEREIRA EDUARDO L. BORBA ANA MARIA GIULIETTI 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2007,153(4):401-416
Allozymic and morphometric studies were carried out on ten populations of Syngonanthus mucugensis (Eriocaulaceae), a species from north-eastern Brazil threatened by extinction. Genetic and morphological variability was low or moderately low in all populations, being lower in populations from Rio de Contas/Catolés ( P L = 14.3–21.4, A = 1.1–1.2, H e = 0.026–0.059, D2M = 26.893–33.157) than in those from Mucugê ( P L = 28.6–35.7, A = 1.3–1.5, H e = 0.078–0.164, D2M = 28.999–45.077). A high coefficient of endogamy ( F is = 0.257) was found, which can be explained by the reproductive characteristics and distribution of the species. The values for genetic and morphological structuring ( F st = 0.512 and A MRPP = 0.175, respectively) were high as a result of the differentiation between populations from the two areas. The mean genetic identity between populations from the two areas (0.812) was much lower than between populations from the same area (Mucugê, 0.980; Rio de Contas/Catolés, 0.997). These results indicate that we are dealing with two distinct taxa and, as a result of the nature of the morphological differences found, a new subspecies is described for the populations of the region of Rio de Contas and Catolés, Syngonanthus mucugensis ssp. riocontensis . Such conclusions raise important implications for the conservation of Syngonanthus mucugensis , and will be used in the drawing up of management plans for its conservation. © 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2007, 153 , 401–416. 相似文献
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张超华;袁思棋;夏云;曾晓茂 《四川动物》2015,34(6):801-809
: 康定湍蛙Amolops kangtingensis依据多地混合标本订立,其分类地位一直存在争议。本文从居群水平出发,涵盖其多个模式产地及分布区,联合染色体核型、形态数量性状、分子系统发育分析,对其有效性及物种进行界定。结果表明,以新都桥为模式产地的康定湍蛙成立,分布区域大致界定于折多山以西雅砻江流域,海拔3000 m及以上高原地区,而原康定湍蛙大渡河流域各居群应划归四川湍蛙A. mantzorum物种之中。 相似文献
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为了全面理解虎耳草（Saxifraga stolonifera）的种内多样性,探讨种下分类的可能性,为资源保护及创新利用提供参考,对全国43个虎耳草居群的33个性状进行观察记录,通过数量性状变异和质量性状多样性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析等方法探讨该种的表型性状多样性。结果表明：（1）数量性状变异系数为0.05~0.67,质量性状多样性指数为0.19~1.39,居群间斑纹分布式样和叶色多样性水平高,匍匐茎分枝数和叶长宽比分别为最不稳定和最稳定的性状。（2）数量性状和导出性状变异系数普遍较大、质量性状的多样性指数普遍较高及各主成分的贡献率较分散,因此不宜仅仅依靠形态特征对该种进行种下分类。（3）虎耳草居群间各性状相关性存在差异,叶长和叶宽、下长花瓣长和下短花瓣长、下长花瓣宽和下短花瓣宽等性状相关性显著。（4）基于形态聚类结果可将国产虎耳草分为3个分支,并表现出一定的地域性,其中分支Ⅰ由8个西南居群、2个华东居群和3个西北居群组成;分支Ⅱ由4个华东居群、4个华中居群、4个西南居群和1个西北居群组成,这一类表型的虎耳草分布广泛;分支Ⅲ由10个华中居群、6个西南居群和1个华东居群组成。 相似文献
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