公平贸易，核心还是贸易

公平贸易的出现是有其背景的,因为主流贸易危害了环境和弱势生产者,一些NGO开始探索另类贸易,比如公平的价格和生产者的能力培养及对环境的保护。而中国的现状是,我们对公平贸易的概念很模糊,因为我们面临的问题太多,就希望通过这一个角度的实践来解决所有问题。但国际上的公平贸易往往同“道德采购”、“有机运动”相关,有双重或多重认证,公平贸易本身并不承担那么大的使命。     

城市化别忘了留住农村——廖晓义谈公平贸易

本刊记者就公平贸易话题采访廖晓义时,她认为这个话题在中国涉及到能否找到区别于工业文明的另类发展道路。要走出新的路子,前途在农村,而不是城市。     

小麦内切多聚半乳糖醛酸酶抑制蛋白的分离纯化研究

小麦内切多聚半乳糖醛酸酶抑制蛋白的分离纯化研究郑远旗,杨宗剑,李建吾,周立,吴文莲（四川大学生物系,成都６１００６４）余露（中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都６１００４１）关键词内切多聚半乳糖醛酸酶抑制蛋白;内切多聚半乳糖醛酸酶;纯化;小麦内切多聚半乳糖...     

革命者、科学家、教育家--深情缅怀著名地质古生物学家郝诒纯院士

中国科学院院士、中国地质大学教授郝诒纯先生,是一位坚定的革命、卓越的科学家、杰出的教育家。她虽然离开我们已经三年多了,但广大人民群众,特别是直接间接受教于她的中青年学子一直深深地缅怀她的伟业丰功和高风亮节。     

第三期中风预测学习班在津举办

受国家卫生部农村卫生协会委托,中国蛇协血栓病防治研究会于1989年12月18～25日在天津举办了全国第三期中风预测学习班。中国蛇协第一会长覃公平主任医师、北京军区总医院安得仲教授、中国医学科学院血研所金永娟、钱冠清研究员、天津医学院王纪佐教授、沈士鑫副教授、天津胸科医院梁爽霖主任及二三八医院邓禄延、胡征林、伍建中副主任等分别讲授了脑皿管疾病的有关知识及国内外有     

cDNA文库的快速构建法

ｃＤＮＡ文库的快速构建法周立,任东路（中国科学院发育生物学研究所,北京１０００８０）ｃＤＮＡ文库的构建是现代分子生物学中一门重要的技术。它主要用于基因的筛选。通过这种方法能够得到完整的编码蛋白质的目的片段。通过构建表达型ｃＤＮＡ文库还能分离到调控基因转录的蛋白质因子的基因。此外,差别筛选（ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｉａｌｓｃｒｅｅｎｉｎｇ）技术有助于我们获得在发育的不同阶段特异表达的基因片段。     

悼念生物学家罗宗洛先生

我耳边似乎还响着带浓重黄岩口音的罗老问话:“听说你们科技大学生物系准备向全校开生物学大课是吗?’“是的,李昌同志来校时说过,我们系主任庄孝穗教授也提过,可是谁去上呢!?这门课不好上呀。’“我去上……”当罗老看见我那吃惊的表情时又加了一句“我能上的,暂时我还死不了。”他坚定地     

贵在坚持

贵在坚持杨藻宸编者按杨藻宸教授是我国著名的药理学家,从事药理学科研和教学工作数十年,成绩卓著。他的坚定的战胜病魔的精神和敬业精神,令人钦敬。他的经验教训,对后学者大有裨益。几年前《生理科学进展》编辑部数次来函约写“刊头专文”,一直觉得乏善可述,于是就...     

中国蛇协瑞昌市蛇伤防治与蛇毒应用研究所成立

中国蛇协瑞昌市蛇伤防治与蛇毒应用研究所于1992年7月17日正式成立。瑞昌市人大常委会副主任朱亚愚、副市长郑慧怡为该所挂牌揭彩。中国蛇协第一会长覃公平、会长舒普荣、沈阳药学院教授陈建智、中国农工民主党南昌市中草药门诊部副主任廖振才、长江三角洲肿瘤医     

动物王国的正气大侠

<正>动物是否和人类一样,拥有公平观、正义感和同情心?在动物王国中,当某些动物身陷危难或者遭遇不公时,是否会有其他动物挺身而出、拔刀相助,甚至涌现出像超人和蜘蛛侠那样的正气大侠?生态学家马克·比科夫教授在他新出版的《野性的正义》一书中,提出了这个有趣的论题。论题一提出,在动物学家和哲学家之间,立刻引发了一场激烈的争论。     

Labor Embodied in Trade

Global production chains carry environmental and socioeconomic impacts embodied in each traded good and service. Even though labor and energy productivities tend to be higher for domestic production in high‐income countries than those in emerging economies, this difference is significantly reduced for consumption, when including imported products to satisfy national demand. The analysis of socioeconomic and environmental aspects embodied in consumption can shed a light on the real level of productivity of an economy, as well as the effects of rising imports and offshoring. This research introduces a consumption‐based metric for productivity, in which we evaluate the loss of productivity of developed nations resulting from imports from less‐developed economies and offshoring of labor‐intensive production. We measure the labor, energy, and greenhouse gas emissions footprints in the European Union's trade with the rest of the world through a multiregional input‐output model. We confirm that the labor footprint of European imports is significantly higher than the one of exports, mainly from low‐skilled, labor‐intensive primary sectors. A high share of labor embodied in exports is commonly associated with low energy productivities in domestic industries. Hence, this reconfirms that the offshoring of production to cheaper and low‐skilled, labor‐abundant countries offsets, or even reverts, energy efficiency gains and climate‐change mitigation actions in developed countries.     

Marine Ornamental Trade in Brazil

Brazil is one of the five leading exporting countries of tropical aquarium fishes in the world, and the interest in marine ornamental organisms has increased substantially there from the mid to the late 1990s. About 120 reef fish species are currently harvested in Brazil's ornamental trade. Among the 75 most harvested species, 26 (34.7%) are endemic, eight (10.7%) are rare, and six (8.2%) are estuarine-dependent species. Fifty-five species (75.3%) have complex reproductive strategies and/or parental care. In quantitative terms, the top 10 species comprises 62% of the species exported from Brazil to the USA and the European Community. The most harvested reef invertebrates include about 65 species. The most representative groups are crustaceans with 15 species (23%), and molluscs and stony corals with 10 species (15.4%) each. Among these, 15 (23%) are endemics, nine (13.8%) are rare species, and seven (10.8%) are important reef builders. A case of local extinction of the giant anemone Condylactis gigantea is reported. To alleviate ecological impacts a series of urgent measures is suggested, including the creation of specific laws for marine ornamental harvesting and improving law enforcement to prevent illegal trade in Brazil.