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1.
HIV-1膜抗原部分位点的改造对假病毒形成及感染能力的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究HIV-1膜抗原部分位点的改造对假病毒形成及病毒感染能力的影响。本实验采用环形诱变和DpnΙ筛选的方法对env进行定点突变。用获得的克隆和骨架质粒pSG3△env共转染293FT细胞,收获假病毒后用TZM-bl细胞进行单周期感染试验,检测特定位点改造对功能性假病毒形成能力的影响。改造之前样品S12-42-1的免疫印记的实验结果显示弥散的条带,蛋白大小约160kD,但单周期感染试验中其S/CO(样品信号值与临界值的比值)小于1,即不能形成假病毒。将该样品第457位氨基酸由丙氨酸变成天冬氨酸后,用突变体S12-42M进行单周感染试验,其S/CO值为6.65,表示突变体能够形成假病毒。结果表明HIV-1膜抗原部分位点的改变影响假病毒的形成或假病毒感染细胞的能力。 相似文献
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[目的]分析影响HIV-1假病毒包装的主要因素,建立该假病毒包装的优化条件.[方法]用单因素分析对比的方法,比较了对病毒包装效果有重要影响的转染试剂、转染试剂与质粒的数量、培养基血清类型、细胞周期阶段对于病毒包装效果的影响.[结果]对45批150盘病毒包装结果分析显示,使用PEI转染试剂成本低,转染效果好,其N/P在8-40均可以产生高活性的包装病毒;用进口血清包装时,相对于国产血清结果重复性高;细胞周期处于S及G2/M期时转染质粒相对于S以及G0/G1期有较高的病毒活性.[结论]用PEI为转染试剂可以包装出高活性的病毒,包装获取高活性病毒可以通过质粒与PEI梯度比例以及血清类型构成多个组合策略来实现. 相似文献
3.
HIV-1假病毒是携带一种外源性病毒包膜且仅能复制一代的病毒颗粒,其膜蛋白易于改造与检测,生物学过程易于量化、安全性高,不需要在BSL-3实验室进行研究,常用于研究HIV-1调节基因和功能、评估中和抗体、筛选抗病毒药物和疫苗以及HIV-1耐药性检测等。但HIV-1假病毒与野生型病毒之间存在必然的差异,在构建和表达过程中,HIV-1假病毒会存在复杂生物背景、质粒和转染试剂、细胞培养条件、产量和检测不均一等弊端,因此,有必要对HIV-1假病毒应用优势和弊端进行全面综述。 相似文献
4.
采用假病毒系统对5种具有抗HIV-1活性的天然化合物的作用机制进行研究, 建立了一种可在普通实验室进行抗HIV-1作用机理研究的实验平台。通过构建假病毒系统, 利用定量PCR实验分析感染细胞内病毒生命周期早期的特异性DNA产物, 发现5种化合物可通过不同的作用机制在早期抑制HIV-1复制。部分化合物表现出新的作用机制, 如LC-1、LC-2可抑制HIV-1的入核。通过分析药物对2种不同的逆转录病毒(HIV-1和MLV)的感染性, 发现LC-1可特异地阻断HIV-1的复制, 而对MLV无影响。同时为了检测药物是否也会在病毒的生命周期晚期有作用,利用直接转染前病毒质粒的方式进行了验证。利用以上方法, 初步确定了这几种药物的作用靶点, 构建了一个有效的抗HIV-1药物作用机理的研究平台。 相似文献
5.
人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(human immunodeficiency virus type 1,HIV-1)感染导致艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS),严重危害人类健康.抗逆转录病毒疗法(antiretroviral therapy, ART)可高效抑制HIV-1复... 相似文献
6.
HIV-1的表型及其感染的细胞嗜性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
HIV-1的表型分为合胞体诱导型(syncytium-inducing,SI)和非合胞体诱导型(non-syncytium-inducing,NSI)。依据所用辅助受体和感染靶细胞的不同,HIV-1又被分为R5、X4和R5X4型。R5和X4型病毒分别利用CCR5和CXCR4作为辅助受体,而R5X4型病毒可利用这两种辅助受体。在病毒的复制力、细胞嗜性以及合胞体诱导能力上,SI型与X4型病毒一致,NSI型与R5型病毒一致。在HIV-1感染过程中,疾病的发展伴随着病毒从NSI型向SI型、及R5型向X4型的转变。HIV-1的表型影响和决定着HIV-1的感染、传播及AIDS的疾病进程。HIV-1的表型和细胞嗜性主要由病毒gp120的V3区(特别是第11和25位的氨基酸)决定。V3区的氨基酸序列信息,将为预测HIV-1的表型,以及病毒感染后的疾病进程提供生物信息学的依据。 相似文献
7.
表达HIV壳体蛋白转基因枸杞悬浮细胞的培养与鉴定 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
枸杞是我国珍贵的中药材,利用枸杞作为转基因材料具有易于遗传操作,生物性状稳定的优点。将携有人类免疫缺陷病毒I型(HIV-1)壳体蛋白基因的植物表达载体导入根瘤农杆菌EHA105中,并通过农杆菌侵染枸杞叶片,诱导产生抗性愈伤组织,利用抗性愈伤组织作为材料进行悬浮细胞的培养并对转基因枸杞悬浮细胞鉴定。PCR结果表明已获得遗传转化的转基因枸杞悬浮细胞系。免疫组织化学检测结果表明HIV壳体蛋白已在转基因枸杞悬浮细胞中表达。 相似文献
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探讨HIV-1感染宿主细胞后对其宿主蛋白肿瘤易感基因101蛋白(Tumor Susceptibility Gene 101,TSG101)及ALG-2相互作用蛋白X(ALG-2-interacting protein X,Alix)表达的影响。以HIV-1感染性克隆病毒pNL4-3感染TZM-bl PM1、Jurkat细胞株和人外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs),感染24h后收获细胞提取总RNA,逆转录PCR检测在RNA水平各因子的表达差异;感染48h后收获细胞提取总蛋白,Western-blot检测各因子在蛋白水平的表达差异。结果显示:HIV-1感染对原代PBMC与细胞系表达Alix与TSG101影响显著不同,细胞系主要表现为下调,而原代PBMC主要表现为TSG101上调;细胞系中的下调又细分为Jurkat细胞的Alix与TSG101的双下调、TZM-bl细胞的Alix单下调以及PM1细胞无影响三种情况。HIV-1感染对细胞宿主分子TSG101及Alix在RNA和蛋白水平的表达均有影响,这种影响因细胞的不同而有差异。HIV-1感染调节Alix与TSG101的机制生物学意义尚有待于进一步阐明。 相似文献
9.
利用体外细胞感染模型,分别检测HIV-1感染的细胞系中转录和翻译水平ISG15的表达及细胞上清中p24蛋白水平,探讨HIV-1感染对ISG15表达的影响及后者对前者的抑制效应。6种HIV-1易感细胞系中,以IFN-α 2b刺激作为阳性对照,利用HIV-1感染性克隆pNL4-3转染293T、TZM-bl和HeLa细胞;HIV-1假病毒感染Jurkat、MT-4和THP-1细胞,24h收细胞提取RNA,利用荧光定量PCR(qPCR)的方法检测转录水平ISG15的表达情况。48h后收细胞提取总蛋白,Western blot检测蛋白水平ISG15的表达情况。HIV-1感染或转染后明显上调ISG15转录水平,且THP-1和TZM-bl细胞中上调尤为显著。但除了TZM-bl细胞,其他5种细胞系中没有表现出ISG15蛋白水平的上调。ISG15真核表达质粒与HIV-1感染性克隆pNL4-3共转染结果显示,293T细胞中ISG15能直接抑制HIV-1子代病毒颗粒的产生和成熟,并且这种抑制作用具有时间剂量依赖性;TZM-bl中虽然也有显著的抑制作用,但是趋势不同。HIV-1感染明显上调ISG15转录但却无ISG15蛋白产生,预示该病毒能对抗固有免疫细胞的识别活化及其效应功能,具体机制还有待进一步阐明。 相似文献
10.
目前国内外大多数针对非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus, ASFV)的研究须在生物安全三级实验室(biosafety level 3 laboratories, BSL-3 labs)中进行,因此针对该病毒的感染过程、中和抗体逃逸机制、药物研发等研究受到了一定限制。鉴于此,本研究选择ASFV包膜蛋白中与其进入细胞紧密相关的蛋白p12、CD2v、p30、p54和pE248R,构建表达这5种包膜蛋白的真核表达质粒,利用水疱性口炎病毒(vesicular stomatitis virus, VSV)假病毒包装体系,制备多种ASFV假病毒。以荧光素酶报告基因实验(luciferase assay)检测假病毒感染水平;选择1个包膜蛋白为代表,使用蛋白质印迹法(Western blot,WB)检测其在假病毒中的表达情况;采用芫花素检测其对所建立的ASFV假病毒(p30-pE248R-ASFV-PsV)的抑制活性。结果显示,VSV包装体系以及p30、pE248R包膜蛋白质粒的组合制备方法所包装出的假病毒具有较优的感染活性,适合用于建立细胞感染模型。ASFV的包膜蛋白pE248R被有效整合到VSV-ΔG rLuc颗粒中,并包装出ASFV假病毒。芫花素可浓度依赖性地抑制ASFV假病毒感染Vero细胞,其半数抑制浓度(half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50)为4.05±0.88 μmol/L。本研究通过建立基于ASFV假病毒的细胞感染模型,筛选获得了1种可感染已报道的一些ASFV敏感细胞的假病毒。该假病毒无复制性,可在生物安全级别较低的实验室中进行操作,并且带有海肾荧光素酶报告基因,有望用于ASFV入侵抑制剂的高通量筛选及中和活性的初步评价,为研发抗ASFV药物提供了一个安全、方便的研究模型。 相似文献
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为克隆小鼠胎肝激酶-1(fetal liver kinase-1,FLK-1)基因上游启动子序列,并观察其不同截短片段在小鼠血管内皮细胞中的启动子活性,以小鼠全基因组为模板,通过PCR扩增方法获得-258~+299 bp、-96~+299 bp、-71~+299 bp、-36~+299 bp大小的FLK-1启动子片段,将其定向克隆入pGL3 Basic,构建荧光素酶报告基因载体,并制备NF -κB结合位点的突变或缺失体.在阳离子脂质体介导下,报告基因载体瞬时转染小鼠血管内皮细胞株SVEC 4-10.结果发现,在小鼠血管内皮细胞中,各FLK-1启动子片段均有活性;-71~-36 bp区存在FLK-1启动子的核心调控元件.针对该区域NF-κB结合位点进行突变或缺失,能导致启动子活性显著降低;凝胶电泳迁移率实验表明该区段能结合转录因子NF-κB.结果提示,成功克隆了在血管内皮细胞中具有活性的FLK-1上游启动子序列,NF-κB是决定其基本活性的重要转录因子,为进一步研究FLK-1基因的转录调控机制奠定了基础. 相似文献
12.
Mohammad Mamun Alam Takeo Kuwata Kazuki Tanaka Muntasir Alam Shokichi Takahama Kazuya Shimura Masao Matsuoka Natsuki Fukuda Hiroshi Morioka Hirokazu Tamamura Shuzo Matsushita 《Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports》2019
Cell-to-cell spread of HIV permits ongoing viral replication in the presence of antiretroviral therapy and is suggested to be a major contributor to sexual transmission by mucosal routes. Fusion inhibitors that prevent viral entry have been developed, but their clinical applications have been limited by weak antiviral activity, short half-life, and the low genetic barrier to development of resistance. We examined the inhibitory activities of a series of single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) targeting the V3 and CD4i epitopes against both cell-free and cell-to-cell HIV infection. We found that all anti-V3 scFvs, including two newly constructed scFvs, showed broad neutralization activity against a panel of subtype B viruses compared with the corresponding IgGs. All scFvs neutralized cell-free infection by HIV-1JR-FL WT and fusion inhibitor-resistant mutants. In addition, all anti-V3 scFvs and some CD4i scFvs significantly inhibited cell fusion, while their IgG counterparts did not. Furthermore, scFvs-fusion inhibitors combinations, such as C34 and SC34, showed synergistic inhibition of cell fusion by both HIV-1JR-FL WT and fusion inhibitor-resistant mutants. The most prominent combinational effect was observed for 916B2 CD4i scFv with SC34. The delayed fusion kinetics of fusion inhibitor-resistant mutants partly explain their synergistic inhibition by such combinations. Our data demonstrate the advantages of using scFvs over their parent IgGs for inhibiting both cell-free and cell-to-cell infection. High synergistic inhibition of cell fusion by using scFvs-fusion inhibitors combinations suggests the possibility of intensification therapy adding this combination to current anti-HIV treatment regimens. 相似文献
13.
We have previously demonstrated that fibronectin (FN) can bind HIV-1 envelope proteins, in particular gp120. The aim of the present study was to determine some biological effects of this phenomenon. Pretreating HIV-1 with human FN increased the infectivity of HIV-1, when a low concentration of the virus was used. In contrast, an RGD-containing pentapeptide (Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser), which is a fundamental binding site of FN, reduced the infectivity of a suspension of HIV-1 at high concentrations of the virus. It is likely that FN bridges the cell surface and the virions, while the RGD-containing pentapeptide may saturate the HIV-1 binding sites for cell surface receptors. Moreover, gp120 was bound to the FN present on the surface of platelets. The specifity of this binding was confirmed by the inhibition obtained by pretreating platelets with anti-FN antibodies. The consequence of the surface modifications of the platelets could explain the thrombocytopenia that frequently occurs in patients infected with HIV and suggests also the possibility that platelets could be a vehicle for the virus in the circulation. 相似文献
14.
Borodyansky L Li YZ Pardee AB Li CJ 《Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death》1998,3(6):381-385
To date much attention has been focused on regulation of apoptosis in proliferating cells. However, recent evidence shows that regulation of apoptosis in quiescent tissue plays an important role in homeostasis of the organism. This review examines the implications of apoptosis of quiescent cells for both tumourigenesis and viral infection such as HIV. In this article we propose a dual role for cellular activation in the homeostasis regulation. In this model cellular mitogens not only activate quiescent cells into the active cell cycle, but under certain conditions, loss of quiescence may result in apoptosis. The loss of quiescence-associated apoptosis may play a significant role in tumourigenesis and viral infections. 相似文献
15.
Takashi Owada Yuko Miyashita Tadahiro Motomura Makoto Onishi Shuzo Yamashita Naoki Yamamoto 《Microbiology and immunology》1998,42(2):97-107
Cationic polymers are known to have potent activity against bacteria, but their effects on viral activity have been little studied. We investigated the effect of one such polymer, polyethyleneimine (PEI), on HIV-1 infection. Although virus-cell binding was significantly inhibited by PEI, HIV-1 infection in human T-cell lines such as MT-4 and MOLT-4 was accelerated conversely when the drug treatment was carried out, after the virus had attached to the cells or PEI was simultaneously added to the virus and cell culture system. This paradoxical effect of PEI on HIV-1 infection was examined using HIV-1 chronically infected cells (MOLT-4/HIV-1). Dissociation of the glycoprotein gp120 (as revealed by exposure of transmembrane protein gp41) from MOLT-4/HIV-1 cells and the resultant fusion of these cells was shown to be induced by the addition of PEI. Accordingly, it was suggested that the binding inhibition of HIV-1 to CD4-positive cells by PEI was due to the shedding of gp120 from HIV-1 particles, and this PEI rather promoted membrane fusion between the virus and cells leading to the enhancement of HIV-1 infection. Similarly, dissociation of gp120 from MOLT-4/HIV-1 was also induced by sCD4. The effect of these reagents on changes in membrane fluidity was evaluated by polarization (p) measurements, and it was observed that the acceleration of membrane fluidity occurred only in the PEI system. Therefore, it is likely that PEI accelerates HIV-1 infection by facilitating virus entry into the host cells through an increase in membrane fluidity. 相似文献
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17.
建立HIV-1的调节基因Nef基因在内皮细胞稳定表达的细胞株ECV304-Nef,为研究Nef对血管内皮细胞生物学活性的影响奠定试验基础。构建真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)-Nef,将其质粒和pcDNA3.1(+)质粒(阴性对照)分别转染血管内皮细胞ECV304,G418筛选。通过RT-PCR检测NefmRNA在细胞中的表达;细胞免疫荧光法检测Nef蛋白的表达及定位;Western blotting检测Nef蛋白的特异性表达,获得稳定表达的细胞株。构建的重组质粒pcDNA3.1(+)-Nef经BamHI和EcoRI双酶切鉴定,得到的片段大小与理论值相符,分别为载体的5400bp和目的基因的621bp。测序结果显示碱基序列与GenBank(登录号:K03455)序列相同。转染细胞经G418筛选后获得稳定表达Nef的ECV304细胞株,RT-PCR显示转染pcD-NA3.1(+)-Nef质粒的ECV304细胞出现621bp条带,对照组无目的条带出现;荧光显微镜下观察转染pcDNA3.1(+)-Nef质粒的ECV304细胞表达的Nef蛋白主要定位于细胞质中。Western blotting结果显示,转染pcDNA3.1(+)-Nef质粒的ECV304细胞约27kD处检测到目的条带,表明pcDNA3.1(+)-Nef表达正确。 相似文献
18.
S T Butera V L Perez N J Besansky W C Chan B Y Wu G J Nabel T M Folks 《Journal of cellular biochemistry》1991,45(4):366-373
In this report, we describe a human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)-infected promyelocytic cell line, OM, derived from HL-60 cells. Although the OM cell line was biologically cloned twice, the pattern of HIV-1 expression during culture appeared analogous to a classical acute spreading infection and was inhibited by both azidothymidine and recombinant soluble CD4 treatment. The number of OM cells actually expressing HIV-1 at the beginning of culture was 0%, reached a peak of nearly 100% at 6 weeks, and then fell to less than 10% HIV-1+ cells by 10 weeks. Clonal analysis of the surviving cells verified that stable HIV-1+ OM cells resulted from the spreading infection. Southern analysis confirmed the transmission of HIV-1 through these OM cultures and the occurrence of stable clones which resulted. The initial percentage of OM cells actually harboring the HIV-1 genome was less than 0.1%, indicating nonfaithful transmission of an unintegrated HIV-1 genome during clonal expansion. These results demonstrate that extrachromosomal HIV-1 DNA can contribute to the spread of HIV-1 infection and give rise to cells which have stably integrated HIV-1 provirus. 相似文献
19.
旨在通过构建Gag的抗原多表位融合基因及在原核系统的高表达,为HIV诊断及可能的疫苗制备提供试验基础。选定HIV-1 Gag基因中3个片段包含较多抗原表位的区域,设计带有酶切位点的引物,用PCR的方法从HIV-1HXB2全基因扩增编码这3个片段的基因序列,通过质粒提取、酶切、测序方法鉴定基因片段的正确性,SDS-PAGE和Western blotting测定融合蛋白的表达,并免疫动物制备相应抗体。结果显示,构建的HIV-1 Gag多表位嵌合基因的原核表达质粒,酶切和测序结果表明基因序列正确,基因全长576bp。在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中高效表达的重组蛋白分子量为27kD,以包涵体的形式存在。纯化目的蛋白免疫家兔,制备多克隆抗体IgG。ELISA和免疫荧光方法检测显示制备的多克隆抗体能具有特异性反应。成功构建和高表达了HIV-1 Gag多表位融合蛋白,纯化蛋白制备的抗体与HIV-1Gag有特异性结合。为进一步研究HIV-1奠定了试验基础。 相似文献