安徽黄山木本植物区系中一些种的细胞学研究（Ⅰ）

报道了黄山地区１８种木本植物的染色体数,分属于１５个科中的１８个属,其中１４种和２个属为首次报道;同时对Ａｐｈａｎａｎｔｈｅ,Ｆｏｒｔｕｎｅａｒｉａ,Ｌｏｒｏｐｅｔａｌｕｍ,Ｈｏｌｂｏｅｌｌｉａ,Ｐｌａｔｙｃａｒｙａ属的染色体数及其在分类上的意义作了简单讨论。     

中国西部高山8种龙胆属植物的染色体数目

本文报道了我国西部高山上的８种龙胆属植物的染色体数目。其中宽筒龙胆的染色体数目为２ｎ＝４８,提钟龙胆的染色体数目为２ｎ＝２６,小齿龙胆和四数龙胆的染色体数目为２ｎ＝２４,南山龙胆的染色体数目为２ｎ＝１８,上述５种植物的染色体数目为首次报道,其余蓝玉簪龙胆的染色体数目为２ｎ＝２４,线叶龙胆的染色体数目为２ｎ＝４８,钻叶龙胆的染色体数目为２ｎ＝１８。     

石斛属的染色体数Ⅰ.10种

本文报道10种国产石斛属(Dendrobium)植物的染色体研究结果。它们的染色体均属小型染色体,长度为1—3.47μm.染色体数皆为2n=38。其中有6种和国内外报道的结果相同,有4种为首次报道。     

青海南部三种紫菀属植物的核型研究

报道了青海南部三种紫苑属植物的核型,染色体间期和前期 色体分别为复杂型和中间型,染色体数目均为２ｎ＝１８,基数为ｘ＝９,中期染色体主要由中部与亚中着丝点染色体组成。     

新疆猪毛菜属4种植物核型分析及进化研究

采用常规压片法,对钠猪毛菜、准噶尔猪毛菜、小药猪毛菜和薄翅猪毛菜等4种新疆猪毛菜属植物的染色体核型进行了分析,并对已报道的12种新疆猪毛菜属植物核型进行了比较.结果表明:(1)钠猪毛菜体细胞染色体数2n=2x=18=12m+6sm,准噶尔猪毛菜、小药猪毛菜体细胞染色体数为2n=2x=18=18m,该3种均属于1A型;薄翅猪毛菜体细胞染色体数为2n=2x=54=50m+2sm+2st,属2A型;(2)12种新疆猪毛菜属植物核型比较结果证明,猪毛菜属植物的染色体基数为9,钠猪毛菜、准噶尔猪毛菜和小药猪毛菜均为二倍体,薄翅猪毛菜为六倍体,钠猪毛菜和准噶尔猪毛菜具有随体.准噶尔猪毛菜、小药猪毛菜、薄翅猪毛菜属植物的核型均属于首次报道.     

田螺科五种螺的核型研究

以早期胚胎细胞为材料,用火焰干燥法制片,对分布于我国湖北省武汉市近郊的常见田螺科(Viviparidae)五种螺的核型进行了分析。结果:两种圆田螺的染色体数和国外报道的同一属的种类的一致。而三种环棱螺的染色体数,则较国外报道的另两种的少得多。在铜锈环棱螺的核型中,其m组的第一对和sm组的第四对染色体上,具有明显的随体,出现频率甚高。     

中国薯蓣属细胞分类的研究——染色体数与该属起源和演化

本文继续报道了薯蓣属(Dioscorea L.)块茎类5个组(sect． Combilium Pr．et Burk.,Sect. Lasiophyton Pr． et Burk., Sect. Opsophyton Uline, Sect． Shannicorea Pr. et Burk., Sect. Enantiophyllum Uline)23个种和变种的染色体数,并对一些分类群进行了讨论。它们都是基数为10的多倍体,是本属进化的类型。 根据染色体数的演化和二倍体种类的地理分布,我们推论我国横断山脉地区可能是薯蓣属的起源中心。     

裸蒴属的核型及三白草科四属间系统关系的探讨

本文首次报道三白草科裸蒴属中华裸蒴(Gymnotheca chinensis Decne)和白苞裸蒴(G. involucrata Pei)的染色体数目。两个种的体细胞染色体数均为2n=18,染色体基数为x=9。三白草科原始祖先的染色体基数假定为x=11,裸蒴属可能是经非整倍减少演变而来。裸蒴属间期核型属球状或棒状前染色体型。本文根据三白草科染色体研究的结果和现代地理分布格局,结合其他分枝学科的研究资料,对科下四属间的系统发育关系提出了初步假设。     

野生蔬菜十里香的核型研究

十里香的染色体核型国内一直未见报道,利用根尖压片法对野菜十里香进行核型分析,统计观察了30个准确计数染色体根尖有丝分裂的中期细胞。实验结果表明：野菜十里香的染色体数为2n=22,其核型公式为2n=22=12m＋4sm＋6st。利用有丝分裂过程中的染色体核型,可明确区分马兰属植物在表现型上难以区别的类型。染色体数目、相对长度、着丝粒位置和随体有无等都可以作为马兰属植物的分类指标。     

东亚植物区系中若干双子叶植物的染色体新计数及其系统学和进化意义

本文报道了东亚植物区系中双子叶植物9个种的体细胞染色体新计数,其中6个是属的新计数,并对这些资料与有关的科或属在系统学和进化上的意义作了讨论。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.