共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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生物絮凝剂γ-聚谷氨酸絮凝性能研究 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
研究了枯草芽孢杆菌NX-2制备的生物絮凝剂γ-聚谷氨酸(γ-PGA)的絮凝活性。γ-PGA对高岭土、活性炭等悬浮液具有较高的絮凝活性,絮凝活性稳定,热稳定性好,用量高于10mg/L时适用pH范围宽,最适投加浓度为20mg/L,加入Ca^2 、Mg^2 、Fe^3 、Al^3 、Fe^2 、Na^ 等金属离子能不同程度增强γ-PGA的絮凝活性,其中Ca^2 助凝效果最高。使用Ca^2 作助凝离子可降低γ-PGA用量,但Ca^2 浓度过高会明显降低γ-PGA的絮凝活性。还研究了γ-PGA对电镀废水的处理效果,实验证明γ-PGA能有效降低电镀废水中Cr^ 3、Ni^ 2等离子的浓度。 相似文献
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生物絮凝剂絮凝活性评价方法的探讨 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:6
对生物絮凝剂絮凝活性的评价方法进行了探讨。研究发现,在固定絮凝剂添加量的情况下仅仅比较絮凝率大小,从而对絮凝活性进行评价的方法是不科学的。絮凝剂絮凝活性应以絮凝率和絮凝剂最适添加量两个指标为其活性评价参数,在有较高絮凝率的情况下,絮凝剂添加量越少则絮凝活性越高。 相似文献
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生物絮凝剂高产菌株的选育 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以野生菌谷氨酸棒杆菌Corynebacterium glutamicumCCTCCM 2 0 10 0 5为出发菌株 ,进行紫外和甲基磺酸乙酯逐级诱变 ,获得一株絮凝剂高产菌XMU YH1111,通过条件优化实验 ,获得突变株XMU YH1111合成生物絮凝剂的最佳发酵条件 :葡萄糖为碳源 ,尿素和酵母膏为氮源 ,培养基初始 pH 4~ 8,种子最佳种龄 16h ,接种量 5 % ,发酵罐通风量 1L/ (L·min) ,搅拌转速 10 0r/min。在此发酵条件下 ,絮凝活性最高可达到 892U/mL ,比原出发菌株CCTCCM 2 0 10 0 5的絮凝活性提高 2倍以上。 相似文献
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随着工业生产的不断发展,排放到环境中的合重金属离子的废水不论是从数量上还是从种类上都大大的增加了。一方面由于某些金属价格昂贵,另一方面,由于某些金属对生态环境、人体健康具有严重的危害性,因此如何有效地处理合重金属废水已经越来越引起环境保护工作者们的注意和重视。传统的处理方法包括化学沉淀法、化学氧化还原法、离子交换法、膜处理法和电化学法等。但这些方法或因为处理效果不好,或因为经济上不可行,很大程度上限制了它们的实际应用价值。近年来,一种崭新的处理含金属废水的方法——生物吸附法以其高效、廉价的优点逐… 相似文献
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金属离子对黄柄曲霉生长和抗真菌抗生素合成的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
不同的金属离子对兼性海洋霉菌黄柄曲霉179的生长有不同的影响。在0.002mol/L的浓度下,Hg^2 、Ag^ 和Cr^3 能强烈抑制该菌的生长,Pb^2 、Sr^2 、Co^2 、Al^3 对其生长有一定的抑制,生长量低于对照;Mn^2 、Ba^2 、Zn^2 对其生长没有明显影响;Cu^2 对该菌的生长有微弱的促进作用。菌体生物量略高于对照;不同的金属离子对曲霉179真菌抗生素179M合成有不同的影响。与对照相比,Ba^2 对共产量没有影响;Al^3 、Zn^2 、Sr^2 有一定的抑制作用,其发酵相对效价分别为对照的81.4%、55.5%和65%;0.002mol/L斩Mn^2 和Pb^2 能强烈抑制此抗生素的合成,在添加0.002mol/LMn^2 和Pb^2 的培养基中,虽然菌体生长良好,但无179M产生;Co^2 和Cu^2 则有明显的促进作用,当培养基中添加0.002ml/L的Co^2 时其发酵相对效价提高到261.4%;当培养基中添加0.003mol/L的Cu^2 时其发酵相对效价提高到350.2%。Co62 和Cu62 对发酵的促进效应是相互拮抗的。 相似文献
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The effects of some metal ions on amidolytic and fibrinogenolytic activities of highly purified human plasmin were investigated
in vitro. In the presence of Zn2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, and Au+ in the incubation mixture at the concentrations of 1×10−5−1×10−3
M, the anidolytic plasmin activity was strongly inhibited, whereas Ca2+ and Mg2+ at the same concentrations were not effective. The analysis of the kinetic study has shown that Zn2+ or Cu2+ acts as mixed-type inhibitors of plasmin activity. The inhibition of amidolytic plasmin activity by Zn2+ and Cu2+ was reduced in the presence of EDTA, histidine, or albumin. Incubation of plasmin with Zn2+ or Cu2+ (at the concentration of 5×10−4
M) resulted in complete loss of its proteolytic action on fibrinogen, whereas Cd2+ and Au+ under the same conditions only partially inhibited this process. 相似文献
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Production of a novel polygalacturonic acid bioflocculant REA-11 by Corynebacterium glutamicum 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
The production of a novel polygalacturonic acid bioflocculant REA-11 from a newly isolated strain, Corynebacterium glutamicum CCTCC M201005, was investigated. Sucrose was chosen as a carbon source for REA-11 production. Complex nitrogen sources containing urea and an organic nitrogen compound enhanced both bacterial growth and REA-11 production, among which urea plus corn steep liquor was shown to be the most efficient combination. A cost-effective medium for REA-11 production mainly comprised 17 g/l sucrose, 0.45 g/l urea, and 5 ml/l corn steep liquor, under which conditions the flocculating activity reached 390 U/ml. The molar ratio of carbon to nitrogen (C/N) significantly affected REA-11 production, where a C/N ratio of 20:1 was shown to be the best. Interestingly, by simultaneously feeding sucrose and urea at a C/N ratio of 20:1 at 24 h of fermentation, REA-11 production (458 U/ml) was enhanced by 17% compared to the control. In a 10 l jar fermentor, lower dissolved oxygen tension was favorable for REA-11 production: a flocculating activity of 520 U/ml was achieved at a kappaLa of 100 h(-1). REA-11 raw product is relatively thermo-stable at acidic pH ranges of 3.0-6.5. Preliminary application studies showed that REA-11 had stronger flocculating activity to Kaolin clay suspension compared to chemical flocculants. In addition, the capability of decolorizing molasses wastewater indicates the industrial potential of this novel bioflocculant. 相似文献
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The reaction of metal ions with nucleic acids can lead to a variety of dramatic effects on nucleic acid structure, e.g., crosslinking of the polymer strands, degradation to oligomers and monomers, stabilization or destabilization, and the mispairing of bases. These effects have important implications for genetic information transfer. Metal ions are involved in many aspects of this transfer; we are presently concerned with the effect of metal ions on the orientation of the active site of RNA polymerase. Many of the effects of metal ions on nucleic acid structure involve changes in the conformation of the macromolecules. We have found that conditions that have been used to convert B DNA to Z DNA lead to at least two other conformational changes, and phase diagrams delineate the realms of stability of each of the forms. We have carried out a number of studies that demonstrate that the conversion of B to Z DNA is very closely correlated with a substantial decrease in the ability of the DNA to act as a template for RNA synthesis. A portion of this paper has been taken from another paper on “Changes of Biological Significance Induced by Metal Ions in the Structure of Nucleic Acids,” published in Annali dell' lstituto Superiore di Sanita. 相似文献
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R. J. P. Williams 《Bioscience reports》1988,8(6):653-668
The ways in which certain inorganic elements are used in essential roles within biological systems generally are described. The two roles stressed are (1) electrolytic charge movements and (2) electronic charge movement. The value of helical proteins inside and outside membranes as mechanical coupling devices is analysed. 相似文献
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《Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry》2013,28(6):1261-1266
Glutathione S-transferase enzyme (GST) (EC 2.5.1.18) was purified from rainbow trout erythrocytes, and some characteristics of the enzyme and effects of some metal ions on enzyme activity were investigated. For this purpose, erythrocyte glutathione S-transferase enzyme which has 16.54 EU/mg protein specific activities was purified 11,026-fold by glutathione-agarose affinity chromatography with a yield of 59%. Temperature was kept under control (+4°C) during purification. Enzyme purification was checked by performing SDS-PAGE. Optimal pH, stable pH, optimal temperature, and KM and Vmax values for GSH and 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) were also determined for the enzyme. In addition, IC50 values, Ki constants and the type of inhibition were determined by means of Line-Weaver-Burk graphs obtained for such inhibitors as Ag+; Cd2+, Cr2+ and Mg2+. 相似文献
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Distributions of the nuclides 65ZnCl2, 85SrCl2, 58CoCl2 and 103PdCl2 in tumor-bearing animals were determined, and, in addition, the distributions of these nuclides in tumor tissues were observed. Their subcellular distribution in tumor and liver was also examined. Generally speaking, retention values of these bipositive metal ions in tumor were smaller than those of tri-, quadri- and pentavalent metal ions. In the case of 85SrCl2, a large amount of this nuclide was taken up by the bone and remained there for a long time. In the case of 103PdCl2, l03Pd was avidly taken up by the kidney and liver. Very little of the 103Pd taken up into the kidney and liver was excreted. 65Zn and 103Pd were concentrated in the viable tumor tissue and were not seen in necrotic tumor tissue. In the case of 58Co, lysosome played an important role in liver accumulation and played a minor role in tumor accumulation. The distribution of 58Co in tumor and liver was fairly similar to that of 67Ga, 111In, 169Yb, 46Sc, 51Cr, 95Zr, 181Hf, 95Nb and 182Ta which were reported previously. Lysosome did not play an important role in the accumulation of 65Zn, 85Sr and 103Pd into tumor and liver. 相似文献
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Potential carcinogenicity of some transition metal ions was tested using a direct-current polarography method. The measurements
were based on the reduction of tested compounds in an anhydrous solution using α-lipoic acid as the detection compound. The
potential carcinogenicity was expressed in terms of the parameter tg α, which is known to directly correlate with the carcinogenicity
of tested compounds. For the metal ions tested, tg α was found to decrease in the following sequence: Fe(III) > Pb(II) > V(IV)
> Fe(II) > Mn(II) > Cu(II). Zero values of tg α were found for Cd(II) and Mn(III). 相似文献
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Corynebacterium glutamicum CCTCC M201005 produces a novel polygalacturonic acid bioflocculant, REA-11, consisting of galacturonic acid as the main structural unit. A biosynthetic pathway of REA-11 in C. glutamicum CCTCC M201005 was proposed. Evidence for the biosynthetic pathway was provided by: (1) analyzing the response upon addition of UDP-glucose to the culture medium; (2) detecting the presence of several key intermediates in the pathway; and (3) correlating the activities of several key enzymes involved in the pathway with the yields of polygalacturonic acid. The production of polygalacturonic acid was improved by 24%, while the activities of UDP-galactose epimerase and UDP-galactose dehydrogenase were improved by 200% and 50%, respectively, upon addition of 100 M UDP-glucose. In addition, the key intermediates in the proposed biosynthetic pathway, such as UDP-glucose, UDP-galactose, and UDP-glucuronic acid, were detected in cell-free extracts. Furthermore, the activities of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (R2=0.97), UDP-galactose epimerase (R2=0.75) and UDP-galactose dehydrogenase (R2=0.89) were well correlated with the yields of polygalacturonic acid when different sugars were used as sole carbon sources. Therefore, the biosynthetic pathway of REA-11 in C. glutamicum CCTCC M201005 starts from phosphate-1-glucose, which was then converted to UDP-glucose by UDP-pyrophosphorylase. Predominantly, the UDP-glucose was converted to UDP-galactose by UDP-galactose epimerase; the latter was further converted to UDP-galacturonic acid by UDP-galactose dehydrogenase, which was presumably polymerized to polygalacturonic acid bioflocculant REA-11 by an unknown glucosyltransferase and a polymerase. 相似文献
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Geoffrey A. Lawrance Mark J. RobertsonSutrisno Ellak I. von Nagy-Felsobuki 《Inorganica chimica acta》2002,328(1):159-168
The saturated, stereodefined tetraalcohol 2,3,5,6-endo,endo,endo,endo-tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane (tetol, L1) and the simple alcohol butane-1,3-diol (L2) form complexes with alkali metal ions (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and caesium), alkali earth cations (magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium) and Ga(III) and Ce(IV) in aqueous solution, characterised by electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESMS). Metal ion exchange between the Li+ complex of L1 and the other metal ions is rapid, with a range of M(L1)n m+ species detected, in addition to solvated species. With the alkal metal ions, M(L1)+ and M(L1)2 + are dominant, although speciation varies with metal ion size. For the alkaline earth ions, a range of complex ions up to n=8 are observed, although n=1-3 dominate. A preference for M(L1)2 2+ with Mg2+ versus M(L1)3 2+ with Ca2+ may again relate to a larger ion size. For the higher-charged Ga(III) and Ce(IV), hydroxo species M(OH)(L1)n (m−1)+ are dominant reflecting bulk solution behaviour, which the ESMS studies appear to map generally. 相似文献