Segregation Analysis on Genetic System of Quantitative Traits in Plants

Based on the traditional polygene inheritance model of quantitative traits,the author suggests the major gene and polygene mixed inheritance model.The model was considered as a general one,while the pure major gene and pure polygene inheritance model was a specific case of the general model.Based on the proposed theory,the author established the segregation analysis procedure to study the genetic system of quantitative traits of plants.At present,this procedure can be used to evaluate the genetic effect of individual major genes (up to two to three major genes),the collective genetic effect of polygene,and their heritability value.This paper introduces how to establish the procedure,its main achievements,and its applications.An example is given to illustrate the steps,methods,and effectiveness of the procedure.     

植物数量性状遗传体系的分离分析方法研究

在传统的数量性状多基因遗传模型基础上提出主基因-多基因遗传模型具普遍性,纯主基因或纯多基因遗传模型只是其特例。由此初步建立了植物数量性状遗传体系分离分析方法。目前该方法可以检验2～3个主基因的个别遗传效应、多基因整体的遗传效应和两者的遗传率。本文介绍这种分离分析方法的研究经过、主要进展及应用效果,并以实例说明其分析步骤、方法和效果。     

Segregation Analysis on Genetic System of Quantitative Traits in Plants

Based on the traditional polygene inheritance model of quantitative traits, the author suggests the major gene and polygene mixed inheritance model. The model was considered as a general one, while the pure major gene and pure polygene inheritance model was a specific case of the general model. Based on the proposed theory, the author established the segregation analysis procedure to study the genetic system of quantitative traits of plants. At present, this procedure can be used to evaluate the genetic effect of individual major genes (up to two to three major genes), the collective genetic effect of polygene, and their heritability value. This paper introduces how to establish the procedure, its main achievements, and its applications. An example is given to illustrate the steps, methods, and effectiveness of the procedure. Translated from Hereditas, 2005, 27(1) (in Chinese)     

肝癌患者疾病感知状况、希望水平与生活质量的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨肝癌患者疾病感知状况、希望水平与生活质量的相关性。方法：选取我院2017年10月～2020年10月收治的肝癌患者126例,采用疾病感知问卷（BIPQ）评估患者的感知状况,利用Herth希望指数量表（HHI）评估希望水平,患者的生活质量经简明生活质量量表（SF-36）评估。分析肝癌患者BIPQ、HHI评分与临床资料的关系。根据肝癌患者BIPQ评分,将其分成BIPQ≥48分组、BIPQ＜48分组,根据HHI评分分成HHI≥24分组、HHI＜24分组,比较不同BIPQ、HHI评分患者的SF-36评分。分析肝癌患者BIPQ、HHI评分与SF-36评分的相关性。结果：受教育年限＜9年、临床分期Ⅲ期、合并肝硬化的患者BIPQ评分高于受教育年限≥9年、临床分期Ⅰ-Ⅱ期、无肝硬化的患者,而受教育年限＜9年、临床分期Ⅲ期、家庭月收入＜3000元、合并肝硬化的患者HHI评分低于受教育年限≥9年、临床分期Ⅰ-Ⅱ期、家庭月收入≥3000元、无肝硬化的患者（P＜0.05）。BIPQ≥48分组的社会功能、躯体功能、躯体疼痛、心理健康、躯体角色功能、精力、情绪角色功能、总体健康评分低于BIPQ＜48分组,HHI≥24分组SF-36各维度评分高于HHI＜24分组（P＜0.05）。BIPQ评分与SF-36各维度评分呈负相关,HHI评分与SF-36各维度评分呈正相关（P＜0.05）。结论：肝癌患者疾病感知状况以及希望水平受多种因素影响,且二者与生活质量密切相关,疾病负面感知越低、希望水平越高的患者生活质量越好。     

Should dispersers be fast learners? Modeling the role of cognition in dispersal syndromes

Both cognitive abilities and dispersal tendencies can vary strongly between individuals. Since cognitive abilities may help dealing with unknown circumstances, it is conceivable that dispersers may rely more heavily on learning abilities than residents. However, cognitive abilities are costly and leaving a familiar place might result in losing the advantage of having learned to deal with local conditions. Thus, individuals which invested in learning to cope with local conditions may be better off staying at their natal place. In order to disentangle the complex relationship between dispersal and learning abilities, we implemented individual‐based simulations. By allowing for developmental plasticity, individuals could either become a ''resident'' or ''dispersal'' cognitive phenotype. The model showed that in general residents have higher learning abilities than dispersers. Dispersers evolve higher learning ability than residents when dispersers have long life spans and when dispersal occurs either early or late in life, thereby maximizing the time in one habitat patch. Time is crucial here, because the longer an individual resides in a location where it can use its learned knowledge or behavior, the more often it profits from it and thus eventually obtains a net benefit from its investment into learning. Both, longevity and the timing of dispersal within lifecycles determine the time individuals have to recoup that investment and thus crucially influence this correlation. We therefore suggest that species'' life history will strongly impact the expected cognitive abilities of dispersers, relative to their resident conspecifics, and that cognitive abilities might be an integral part of dispersal syndromes.