Intellectual property strategy in bioinformatics and biochips

Intellectual property rights are essential in today's technology-driven age. A strong intellectual property protection strategy is crucial in the bioinformatics and biochips technology spaces as monetary and temporal resources are tremendous in finding a blockbuster drug or gene therapy, as well as in deploying advanced biosensor and other medical systems. Current problems and intellectual property practice in the genomic space are presented and analyzed. Various strategy and solutions are proposed to guide bioinformatic and biochip companies in forming an aggressive strategy to protect one's intellectual property and competitive positioning.     

Antibody-drug conjugates: Intellectual property considerations

Antibody-drug conjugates are highly complex entities that combine an antibody, a linker and a toxin. This complexity makes them demanding both technically and from a regulatory point of view, and difficult to deal with in their patent aspects. This article discusses different issues of patent protection and freedom to operate with regard to this promising new class of drugs.     

Antibody-drug conjugates: Intellectual property considerations

Antibody-drug conjugates are highly complex entities that combine an antibody, a linker and a toxin. This complexity makes them demanding both technically and from a regulatory point of view, and difficult to deal with in their patent aspects. This article discusses different issues of patent protection and freedom to operate with regard to this promising new class of drugs.     

Intellectual property protection for plant-related inventions in Europe

The economic and political issues that accompany the commercial growing of genetically modified crops, as well as the risk of transgene spread, are often top of the agenda for debate. But one important aspect is frequently overlooked--the intellectual property protection of plant-related inventions. What protection does European patent law afford to such inventions, how does it compare with the United States law and what are the consequences of the differences between them?     

Intellectual property protection of plant biotechnology inventions

The intellectual property protection of biotechnology-related subject matter is undergoing significant change and several countries have revised their legislation and/or patent practice as a result of challenges from industry and members of the public. Plant-related subject matter can be protected using plant variety protection, utility patents or, in the USA, by plant patent. Although easier to obtain than a utility patent, plant variety protection does not provide the same scope of protection. Protecting a plant using a utility patent is permitted only in countries that allow the patenting of higher life forms and requires a higher degree of experimental support than is required for plant variety protection, although the scope of protection is being steadily reduced.     

Intellectual property issues of immune checkpoint inhibitors

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are drugs that interfere with tumor escape responses. Some members of this class are already approved, and expected to be blockbusters in the future. Many companies have developed patent activities in this field. This article focuses on the patent landscape, and discusses key players and cases related to immune checkpoint inhibitors.     

Intellectual property law: a primer for scientists

“Intellectual property” (IP) is a generic legal term for patents, copyrights, and trademarks, which provide legal rights to protect ideas, the expression of ideas, and the inventors and creators of such ideas. A patent provides legal protection for a new invention, an application of a new idea, discovery, or concept that is useful. Copyright provides legal protection from copying for any creative work, as well as business and scientific publications, computer software, and compilations of information. A trademark provides rights to use symbols, particular words, logos, or other markings that indicate the source of a product or service. A further method of benefiting from an invention is simply to keep it secret, rather than to disclose it—a “trade secret.” IP impinges on almost everything scientists do. As scientists are paid to come up with ideas and aspire to patent and/or publish their work, the protection of ideas and of written works especially should be of interest and concern to all.     

Intellectual property, genetically modified crops and bioethics

The implementation of a new technology is almost always surrounded by a debate on the moral and social implications that may arise. The debate with regard to genetically modified (GM) crops has been one of the longest and most controversial. However, one area of the debate that receives less attention is the role that intellectual property can play. The introduction of an effective and yet appropriate intellectual property system addressing society's particular needs can eliminate some of these issues. This paper looks at whether the situation in Europe is meeting our current needs and also addresses the role intellectual property can play in the debate over the introduction of GM crops in developing countries.     

Intellectual property protection: Strategies for future antibody inventions

In the last decade, therapeutic antibodies have become one of the most commercially successful classes of biopharmaceutic drugs. Major drug manufacturers who have successfully managed to occupy this new market, as well as biotechnology firms, some of which have experienced a quick growth and are now on par with the former, owe part of their success to suitable intellectual property (IP) strategies. This article provides an overview of the current thinking on antibody-related patents, and discusses strategies for protecting the antibody products of the future.Key words: antibody, mimetics, patent, inventive, intellectual property     

DNA triplex stabilization property of natural anthocyanins

The DNA triplex stabilization property of seven natural anthocyanins (five monoglucosides and two diglucosides) has been measured by the mean of triplex thermal denaturation experiments. We have noticed a difference between the diglucosides that do not modify this melting temperature and the monoglucosides (namely 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside of malvidin, peonidin, delphinidin, petunidin and cyanidin) which present a weak but significant stabilizing effect. It appears clearly that the difference between the two series could be due to the supplementary sugar moiety at the 5 position for the diglucosylated compounds, that would make them too crowded to allow interaction with the triplex. Among the monoglucoside series, the most active compounds are the only ones to embody a catechol B-ring in their structure that could be important for such an interaction. The need to have pure and fully characterized compounds to run these measurements, made it possible for us to unambiguously assign the 1H and 13C NMR spectra with the help of 2D NMR experiments. Thus, missing data of compounds not totally described earlier, are provided herein.     

战略性微生物资源知识产权现状研究及发展对策

微生物作为全世界分布最广且拥有量最多的生物资源,其应用已涉及到诸多领域并展现出了巨大的经济价值和社会价值。因此研究微生物及其知识产权(intellectual property rights,IPR)全产业链的现状和发展,对于我们如何全新地认知微生物,如何挖掘微生物资源以及发挥微生物作为产业最重要部分的作用具有重要的意义。我国已形成了较为完备的微生物相关专利保护体系,已形成了基于微生物的全产业链生态发展闭环格局。本文通过以微生物专利构成实质技术转移、许可和质押相关大数据分析,通过挖掘利用各种微生物资源,从战略高度探索国家开放遗传资源的大数据,围绕微生物功能性活性成分、菌株(群)基因大数据,基于微生物功能代谢产物、基因组进行数据分析、预警和专利布局,做好微生物资源IPR现状研究及发展对策。最终形成以产业为依托,战略性资源作为引导,IPR助推微生物全产业链中核心技术引擎的格局,进而实现微生物战略资源产业集群发展。