Dermatoglyphics in the Bushmen

Analysis of the dermatoglyphics of a sample of Kung Bushmen living in the Kalahari of north-east Namibia is presented, and the results are compared with those of other Bushmen studies. A high frequency of arches, a low ridge count, and high frequencies of pattern reduction forms, appear characteristic.     

Dermatoglyphics in Phenylketonuria

The dermatoglyphic characteristics on the fingertips, palms and soles of 100 Polish children with proven diagnosis (urine test and blood serum tests) of PKU and of the parents of 23 of them were studied. Our results confirm that PKU is not characterized by dermatoglyphic differences. An apparent diminution in complexity of finger pattern type in patients is shown to be due to the genetic relationship between the parents and their offspring rather than the influence of the PKU disorder itself.     

Dermatoglyphics in hypertension: a review

Hypertension is a major contributor to the global burden of disease and mortality. A major medical advancement would be a better means to ascertain which persons are at higher risk for becoming hypertensive beforehand. To that end, there have been a number of studies showing that certain dermatoglyphic markers are associated with hypertension. This association could be explained if the risk toward developing hypertension later on in life is somehow connected with fetal development of dermatoglyphics. It would be highly valuable from a clinical standpoint if this conjecture could be substantiated since dermatoglyphic markers could then be used for screening out individuals who might be at an elevated risk of becoming hypertensive. The aim of this review was to search for and appraise available studies that pertain to the association between hypertension and dermatoglyphics.A systematic literature search conducted using articles from MEDLINE (PubMed), Trip, Cochran, Google scholar, and gray literature until December 2014. Of the 37 relevant publications, 17 were included in the review. The review performed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement.This review showed a fairly consistent finding of an increased frequency of whorl patterns along with a higher mean total ridge count in digital dermatoglyphic results in hypertensive samples compared to controls. However, it was imperative to discuss several limitations found in the studies that could make this association as yet unsettled.     

Dermatoglyphics of Apache and Navajo Indians

The Apaches and Navajos, both members of the Athapascan Family, have lived in the Southwest for several hundred years. Finger and palmar dermatoglyphics were collected from 94 Apaches and 102 Navajos. Both tribes exhibited characteristics similar to those generally reported for American Indians, such as, high whorl frequencies, high total ridge counts, longitudinal alignment of main lines, and high frequencies of absent C lines. Absence of significant intertribal differences indicates close genetic relationship between these tribes.     

肤纹研究中的技术标准和项目标准

中国肤纹学研究协作组规定的《ADA标准-CDA版本》和《CDA标准》, 对肤纹研究做了分析技术和项目的规范。"CDA版本"和《CDA标准》是了继承《ADA标准》系统, 并对其做了补充和完善。本文的指纹三个系统的分析法、嵴线追踪等内容, 是谓"CDA版本"。"CDA版本"和"ADA标准"融合, 形成《ADA标准-CDA版》, 贯穿在我国民族肤纹研究过程之中。对《CDA标准》中的模式样本的概念, 采样规定, 3级模式样本的具体项目, 都做了明确的表述。     

尿道下裂患者术前术后尿道细菌的研究

目的了解尿道下裂患者尿道修复前后尿道及其周围细菌的分布,为临床预防尿道下裂术后感染提供依据。方法采集30例尿道下裂患者术前尿道、会阴部,术后重建尿道、会阴部皮肤作细菌分离、培养、鉴定、统计分析、药敏试验。结果术前术后尿道与会阴部细菌分布差异无显著性（P〉0．05）,有革兰阳性菌表皮葡萄球菌、肠球菌等,革兰阴性菌变形杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌、大肠埃希菌等,以表皮葡萄球菌占多数。结论术后重建尿道内存在的细菌由会阴部皮肤表面细菌转移而入。菌株以革兰阳性菌表皮葡萄球菌占多数,菌株耐药率较高,临床选择药物要慎重。     

Dermatoglyphics of three Hungarian populations

The dermatoglyphics of 709 individuals from three Hungarian populations living near each other but of different origin were analyzed. In dermatoglyphic traits the three populations present but slight differences from one another.     

Dermatoglyphics in pathology with emphasis on breast cancer and cervix carcinoma: Some results

The finger and palmar prints of 118 women with breast cancer and of 37 women with cervix carcinamo were studied. The results were compared with two groups of healthy women, the first consisted of aged women (average age of 78.94) and the second of young women. Only four differences out of ten (40%) were significant between women with breast cancer and young women. One difference out of ten (10%) was significant in the comparison between women with carcinoma of the cervix and elderly women and two (20%) in the comparison to young women. In general, compared with the healthy women the sick women present an increase in whorls and a decrease in a-b ridge count. The results obtained seem to demonstrate that dermatoglyphics are not a good diagnostic tool in the study of these two types of cancer.     

The Chipaya of Bolivia: Dermatoglyphics and ethnic relationships

Dermatoglyphic data on 15 traits (digital arches, digital radial loops, digital ulnar loops, digital whorls, I loops, I_r loops, H loops, ? loops, III loops, IV loops, mainline C absence, total ridge count, a-b ridge count, atd angle, and mainline index) are presented for 141 Chipaya Indians of Bolivia. Ethnic relationships of these Indians to nine South American Indian tribes (Alacaluf, Atacameño, Aymara, Cashinahua, Chácobo, Chama, Chané, Quechua, and Sirionó) are explored by means of a genetic distance analysis using 21 alleles. Genetic distances are complemented with linguistic and geographic distances between the Chipaya and the other tribes. Genetic distances were found not to be significantly correlated with linguistic and geographic distances. Combining the information available, it is concluded that the Chipaya are most likely ethnically related to the Arawak speakers of the tropical forest.     

广东汉族的皮纹密度分析

为获得广东汉族皮纹密度的基本参数, 在知情同意原则基础上采集18—21岁在校学生掌纹307例(男157人,女150人), 体视显微镜下测量掌纹嵴线, 计算皮纹密度。结果表明a-bRC、b-cRC、c-dRC、a-dRC和t-dRC分别是36.19±5.58、25.86±5.21、32.83±5.57、75.43±13.11和90.66±13.50,除c-dRC外,都是男>女。a-bDD、b-cDD、c-dDD、a-dDD、t-dDD和ΔatdDD分别是16.76±1.98、17.68±2.39、16.89±1.85、14.49±2.24、14.42±1.67和5.54±0.75,均为女>男。广东汉族皮纹密度与江西汉族和西藏藏族有一定差异。广东汉族皮纹密度有自己的特点, 这与民族渊源和生活环境的差异有关。     

Absence of triradius d in a three-generation pedigree and other variations of main-line D

An example is reported of a rare dermatoglyphic variant (absence of triradius d) in a woman of mixed European and Cherokee American Indian ancestry. This variant was not present in her parents, her five siblings, four nephews or one niece. Attention is drawn to the continuum from an absent triradius d to a triradius with an abbreviated main-line associated with either an open field in interdigital area IV, or a loop in interdigital area IV or a tented arch at d. This same continuum occurs at c. The absent triradius at d is extremely rare and the tented arch at d is very rare.     

先天性心脏病患者皮纹波动不对称性的研究

本文采用随机整体抽样的方法分析了先天性心脏病患者129例(男性59例, 女性70例) 和正常对照人群133例(男性69例, 女性64例) 13项皮纹波动不对称性(Fluctuating asymmetry, FA)的分布特征。结果表明: (1)先天性心脏病患者组与正常对照组在13项皮纹波动不对称性指标中均未出现显著性别差异; (2)先天性心脏病患者组与正常对照组在FAⅥ(P<0.05)和FAⅦ(P<0.01)两项有显著性差异, 表现为患者组明显增高, 提示先天性心脏病患者在胚胎发育早期易受到环境因素影响, 具有较高的发育不稳定性。     

Dermatoglyphics of the nganasans and the forest entsy from the Taimir Peninsula

Dermatoglyphic data on 17 traits (digital arches, ulnar loops, whorls, patterns on the hypothenar and thenar/I,II,III, and IV interdigital areas, main line C absence and its incompleteness, mean digital ridge-count, a–b, b–c, and c–d ridge–counts, atd angle, pattern intensity index, and main line index) are presented in this paper for 194 males and 224 females from the Taimir Peninsula. Also presented is a population analysis of the Taimir aborigines based on quantitative traits, and comparisons of this population with some Siberian and North American populations.     

Dermatoglyphics of Easter Islanders analyzed by pattern type,admixture effect,and ridge count variation

The adult Easter Island population was fingerprinted in 1965 as part of an overall study of their human biology. Major findings of the dermatoglyphic analysis are as follows. Digit and bimanuar percentages of patterns (arches, loops, and whorls) were similar to those observed in Europeans. However, in terms of total pattern type distributions, the Islanders had many more whorls and a correspondingly much higher Pattern Intensity Index than those found in European groups. This difference was even present, although in lesser magnitude, in Easter Islanders known to be admixed with Europeans. Corresponding to a high occurrence of whorls, Mean Total Ridge Count (TRC) was also notably high. An association between TRC as a measure of pattern size and incidence of patterns was clearly evident in several groups available for comparison.     

Digital dermatoglyphic patterns in a sample of the Nigerian population

Eight hundred Nigerians (400 males and 400 females) were screened for the analysis of digital dermatoglyphic patterns. The frequency distribution of the patterns are 52.09%, 27.67%, 19.20% and 1.13% for ulnar loops, whorls, arches and radial loops respectively. Except for arches, the males have more of the patterns than females. The pattern intensity indices for males and females are 11.2 and 9.9 respectively. Bilateral symmetry is similar in both sexes and the percent distribution is as high as 81.5% and 84% on digit V in males and females respectively.     

The effect of a pattern in palmar interdigital II on a-b ridge count in black and white Down syndrome cases and controls

An unconfirmed study by Fang (Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of London, 1950) in Britain showed that individuals with Down syndrome had lower total a-b ridge counts in palmar Interdigital area II (ID II) than a group of controls. This study compares 603 white Down syndrome cases and 93 black Down syndrome cases with 668 white and 402 black controls. Our results confirm those of Fang in that the Down syndrome cases in both racial groups had lower total a-b ridge counts than their respective controls. In addition, the black controls and Down syndrome cases had lower a-b ridge counts than their white counterparts. The mean a-b ridge count was significantly lower in individuals with a pattern in ID II compared to individuals without a pattern in ID II in both the Down syndrome and control groups. Some of the lower a-b ridge counts in the Down syndrome samples can be accounted for by the fact that there is an increased frequency of a pattern in ID II in Down syndrome cases. Both Down syndrome and normal individuals who had a pattern unilaterally had a lower than expected a-b ridge count on the contralateral hand that did not have a pattern. There was a tendency also for increased asymmetry in Down syndrome cases with a pattern in ID II.     

汉族左利人群的指纹研究

对111名长治市的汉族左利手者的指纹进行了分析研究, 并与138名右利手者组成的对照组进行了对比分析, 发现左利手组的双箕斗纹（Wd）显著高于对照组(P<0.005)。 Abstract　To study the distribution difference of fingerprint patterns between left-handed and normal populations of Han nationality in Changzhi area, We investigated the frequencies of fingerprint pattern combinations in one or two hands. Comparing the normal population (80 men and 58 women), the left-handed population (58 men and 53 women) posessed higher Wdrate (P<0.005).     

新疆柯尔克孜族肤纹初步研究

本文报道新疆柯尔克孜族肤纹参数的正常值,样本中有男女各500例,本文的研究包括13类,它们是:指纹总嵴数,a-b间嵴数,指纹,指间花纹,大鱼际纹,小鱼际纹,猿线,掌指c三叉缺失,多个t三叉点,(足母)趾球部纹,足小鱼际纹,趾间纹,足跟纹。     

白族手掌主线分布的研究

目的:研究300名正常白族人的手掌主线分布,为人类学、医学、遗传学提供正常参数。方法:在知情同意手续下,捺印调查对象的手纹。结果:A主线,Ⅲ型占96%、Ⅴ型2.17%、Ⅰ型1.83%;B主线,Ⅴ型93%、Ⅶ型7%;C主线,Ⅴ型44.5%、Ⅶ型40.67%、Ⅸ型11.67%、O型3.16%;D主线,Ⅸ型47%、Ⅶ型46%、Ⅺ型7%。主线分布以35′5″7、35′79、35″79为主(占76.67%)。39.67%的个体双手主线对称分布,以35′5″7为主(15%)。MLI平均为6.25±1.37,MLIT为22.52±3.00,二者均为男性大于女性(P0.05)。3.17%的个体缺失c三叉。结论:白族人的手掌主线和其他民族有共性又有其特异性。     

Studies of endemic cretinism in Papua New Guinea: digital and palmar dermatoglyphic patterns

We have tested the hypothesis that the abnormal development of the central nervous system seen in endemic cretinism might be accompanied by concurrent abnormal dermatoglyphic patterns. We compared digital and palmar dermatoglyphics of normal individuals and endemic cretins inhabiting the Huon Peninsula of Papua New Guinea. The population sampled from the Irumu River Valley included 118 males and 114 females with 22 male cretins and 23 female cretins. The population sampled from the Wantoat River Valley included 72 males and 38 females with 12 male cretins. No pathognomonic patterns were found that could identify the endemic cretin subpopulation. However, the occurrence of a number of differences between controls and cretins suggests that subtle changes in dermatoglyphic patterns accompany the anomalous development of the CNS secondary to maternal iodine deficiency. We discuss the significance of these findings and compare the dermatoglyphic patterns of normal Irumu and Wantoat natives and 21 other populations of Papua New Guinea.