云芝深层培养及发酵液的应用研究

经试验云芝菌深层培养合适培养基为马铃薯蔗糖综合培养基。其配方：马铃薯２０％,蔗糖２％,ＫＨ２ＰＯ４０．１％,（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４０．２％,水１００ｍｌ,ｐＨ自然。试验表明,利用云芝菌深层培养发酵滤液可制成营养丰富的保健饮料。经测定,每１００ｍｌ饮料中云芝糖含量０．８２ｇ、粗蛋白含量为０．５１ｇ,游离氨基酸为２７．０６ｍｇ饮料卫生指标符合中国食品卫生标准。     

活性干酵母SOD摇瓶发酵条件的研究

研究了营养与环境条件对耐高温酒精活性干酵母（ＴＨ－ＡＡＤＹ）ＳＯＤ摇瓶发酵的影响。实验结果表明,初糖浓度,金属离子、ＰＨ值、通气量（装液量）和培养时间等均对ＡＡＤＹ摇瓶发酵的生物量和ＳＯＤ含量有较大的影响。在实步优化的发酵条件下,细胞生物量为３９．６ｇ／Ｌ,菌体ＳＯＤ含量为１９４８Ｕ／ｇ,发酵液产酶能力为７．７万Ｕ／Ｌ。     

胜红蓟化感作用研究Ⅲ.挥发油对不同营养水平下植物的化感作用

研究了胜红蓟挥发油对不同营养水平下植物的化感作用．结果表明,随着营养水平的降低,胜红蓟挥发油对受试植物的化感作用明显增强．在胜红蓟挥发油的作用下,受试植物叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量明显降低,过氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ） 活性降低,而质膜相对透性增加,丙二醛（ ＭＤＡ） 含量升高．利用ＧＣ／ ＭＳ对胜红蓟挥发油的组成和含量进行了分析,共鉴定１６ 种物质,其中早熟素Ⅱ、早熟素Ⅰ和子丁香烯为主要成分,相对含量分别为３６ ．８５ ％ 、２６ ．４１ ％ 和１９ ．８４ ％ ．     

盐分和水分胁迫对盐地碱蓬幼苗渗透调节效应的研究

利用不同浓度ＮａＣｌ和等渗ＰＥＧ处理４０ｄ龄的盐地碱蓬（Ｓｕａｅｄａｓａｌｓａ（Ｌ．）Ｐａｌ．）幼苗,１０ｄ后测定植株中主要有机溶质和无机离子的含量及叶片渗透势和渗透调节能力。结果表明,ＮａＣｌ处理的无机离子总含量急剧增加,其中Ｎａ＋、Ｃｌ－增加最多,占总计算渗透势（ＣＯＰ）的７１％～８８％,总无机离子占ＣＯＰ的９５％～９７％。而有机溶质总含量则稍有降低,约占ＣＯＰ的２％～５％。ＰＥＧ处理使有机溶质（氨基酸、糖、有机酸）含量明显增加,特别是氨基酸占ＣＯＰ的９％。不同处理的实测渗透势（ＭＯＰ）均小于ＣＯＰ,说明在这些条件下,还有其它的渗透剂参与盐地碱蓬幼苗的渗透调节。结果还表明,盐地碱蓬幼苗的渗透调节能力随外界盐浓度的增大而增加。     

增铵营养对小麦光合作用及硝酸还原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶的影响

采用水培试验研究不同形态氮营养(NH4^+／NO3^-分别为0／100、50／50和100／0)对小麦光合作用及氮代谢关键酶活性的影响．结果表明,增铵营养较单—NO₃^-营养显著提高叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率及可溶性糖含量,叶、根中可溶性蛋白质含量和叶片硝酸还原酶活性。而对谷铵酰胺合成酶活性影响较小．与单—NO₃^-营养相比。增氨营养下叶片较高的可溶性糖含量与净光合速率的提高相关。而维持较高的叶片和根系可溶性糖／可溶性蛋白质比例有利于氮同化和生长．因此,增铵营养下提高了叶片净光合速率、可溶性糖含量和硝酸还原酶活性。维持较高叶片和根系可溶性糖／蛋白质比例。从而促进小麦生长．     

项圈藻的生长及其主要营养成分的研究

项圈藻是程海湖中一优势种．在实验条件下,其生长的最适温度为２５℃,光照强度为６０００Ｌｘ,光照时间为２４ｈ昼夜连续光照,ＮＯ－３Ｎ为１０．００ｍｇ·Ｌ－１,ＰＯ－Ｐ为１．００ｍｇ·Ｌ－１,ＣＯ３２－Ｃ为１５０．００ｍｇ·Ｌ－１,Ｆｅ３＋为１．００ｍｇ·Ｌ－１,ＰＨ为９．０．其最大增长率为０．８１７,最短增倍时间为０．８５ｄ．其粗蛋白、粗脂肪、总糖和灰份的含量分别占干重的６１．２５、５．３０、２０．３４和８．２５％;氨基酸含量为５２．６３％．     

蝙蝠蛾拟青霉菌丝体发酵的研究

用20t发酵罐培养蝙蝠蛾拟青霉。菌粉收率达2．5％,D-甘露醇含量大于8％,腺苷含量大于0．2％．对发酵过程中pH、总糖、还原糖、得率、折光等的变化规律进行了考察．确定以发酵液pH的升高和还原糖含量作为综合判断发酵终点的依据．     

sh-2甜玉米F2籽粒营养品质遗传特点、杂种优势及其亲子回归关系分析

研究了25个sh-2甜玉米自交系及其组配的15个sh-2型F_2籽粒的5个品质性状的遗传特点、杂种优势、亲子回归关系．结果表明,亲本间,除籽粒还原糖含量外,可溶性总糖、蔗糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白含量是否存在显著差异,对F_2籽粒品质有明显影响．F_2籽粒可溶性总糖、还原糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白含量近低亲遗传,而蔗糖含量近高亲遗传．杂种F_2籽粒可溶性总糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白含量普遍介于双亲之间,杂种优势不强;还原糖含量普遍表现为低亲,没有超亲优势;蔗糖含量以超亲为主,有明显杂种优势．亲本对F_2杂交籽粒可溶性总糖、还原糖、蔗糖、淀粉、可溶性蛋白含量均表现为正效应;除还原糖品质外,其他品质性状受父本的影响较大．研究表明,了解sh-2甜玉米亲本营养品质性状,能很好的预测其F_2籽粒营养品质性状,使育种更有目的性．     

硫对大蒜生理生化指标及营养品质的影响

采用盆栽试验探讨了硫对大蒜生理生化指标及营养品质的影响．结果表明,土壤硫含量8．41mg·kg^-1时,大蒜叶片硝酸还原酶、POD活性、光合色素含量、光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率较高;可溶性蛋白质含量及CAT活性却是以土壤硫含量为7．92mg·kg^-1时最高;SOD活性以较低土壤硫含量6．45mg·kg^-1时较高．同时,土壤硫含量为8．41mg·kg^-1时,鳞茎中大蒜素、可溶性糖和Vc及蒜薹中大蒜素、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量分别比对照增加33．67％、23．75％、68．82％、40．95％、3．45％和7．45％;较高土壤硫含量9．48mg·kg^-1有利于蒜薹中Vc和游离氨基酸及鳞茎中游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白质含量的提高,分别比对照高出15．17％、20．93％、6．49％和8．07％．     

云南三种燕窝与进口燕窝成份的比较研究

本文报道了云南常用的３种燕窝的成份。蛋白质含量分别为４５．２８％、４７．７８％和４２．２１％;氨基酸总量分别为４０．３８％、４０．０２％和３２．５３％;必须氨基酸含量分别为１５．０９％、１４．３７％和１２．２２％。此外还分析了它们的脂肪、总糖、ＶＡ、ＶＤ、ＶＣ和常量元素与微量元素的含量,并与进口燕窝的相应成份进行了比较,表明常用的３种燕窝营养成份全面,与进口燕窝的近似程度为：短嘴金丝燕燕窝＞白腰雨燕燕窝＞小白腰雨燕燕窝。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.