醋制延胡索与净制延胡索抗炎、镇痛作用的对比研究

目的:对比醋制延胡索与净制延胡索的抗炎、镇痛的药理作用,从而阐明中药炮制理论的科学性.方法:①抗炎实验研究:以NIH小鼠制作二甲苯致耳廓肿胀模型,对比观察酒延胡索与净延胡索对小鼠耳廓肿胀的影响;尾静脉注射伊文思兰,对比观察酒延胡索与净延胡索对炎症渗出的影响;②镇痛实验研究:以NIH小鼠热板法和醋酸扭体法对比观察酒延胡索与净延胡索的镇痛作用.结果:①醋制延胡索与净制延胡索均能显著抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀度、抑制小鼠腹腔毛细血管的通透性、提高热板法疼痛模型小鼠痛阈值从而减少疼痛反应次数、抑制醋酸所致小鼠扭体痛反应,以上效应与阴性对照组比较,差异显著,p＜0.01或p＜0.05;②与消炎痛阳性对照组比较,以上两种药物在镇痛作用方面与消炎痛相比差异不显著,p＞0.05;但在抗炎作用方面要弱于消炎痛组,p＜0.05;③醋制延胡索组与净制延胡索组比较,醋制延胡索在镇痛作用方面,要优于净制延胡索,p＜0.05;在抗炎作用方面,两者无显著性差异,p＞0.05.结论:①延胡索的镇痛作用显著;②醋延胡索的镇痛优于净制延胡索.     

无细胞百日咳菌苗的纯制和特性

<正> 引言 百日咳菌苗传统的形态,由杀死的百日咳杆菌组成,亦即它是全细胞菌苗。这种菌苗包含有对促进保护性应答不需要的成份,而且这些成份可能对副反应起作用。在日本,自1973年一直从事由百日咳杆菌分离其有效因子,并尽可能多的除去不需要的成份。一些保护性抗原已在百日咳杆菌培养物的上清液中被证实,并曾尝试发展一种由一或两种这些抗原组成的菌苗。含有两种主要保护性抗原即由百日咳杆菌培养物上清液中分离出的百日咳毒素(PT)和丝状血凝素(FHA)的精制百日咳菌苗(无细胞百日咳菌苗),自1981年已应用于日本.     

人体胚胎浸制标本的制作

人体胚胎浸制标本的制作人体胚能浸制标本的传统制作工艺,难于制出体态丰润、色泽自然的理想标本。为了制出保持原色原状的人体胚胎标本。作者进行了多年的系列比较试验,制出一批比较理想的标本。（一）材料的来源和处理人体胚胎来自医院。事先与医院预约挂钩,购取人工...     

水稻叶片的电镜制样技术探讨

水稻叶片与其它植物材料相比,具有表面乳突多、角质层厚且有蜡质复盖等不同的细胞学特征,用电镜研究其超微结构时有着特殊的制样要求。我们在研究钾营养水平对水稻光合机构功能的效应过程中,对广陆矮4号等品种水稻叶片进行了详细观察,在制样方法上作了部分改进,获得了较为理想的效果。     

实行医疗保险总额预付制改革的思考

总额预付制是由医保部门在对医疗机构进行评估后,计算出人均医疗费用,根据服务量和人均医疗费用,测算出医院的年度费用标准,按此费用标准向医院预付定额的医疗费。对上海医保总额预付制的模式、实施成效、存在的问题进行了思考和探讨,对总额预付的运用及改进提出了初步的设想,以此推动医疗保险付费方式改革的持续进展。     

高考生物学科选择题命制的几点建议

以近几年新课程高考生物学科中命制失误的选择题为切入点,提出高考生物学科选择题命制的几点建议。     

不同运动速度下人眼的阈上调制特性

本文报道了在光栅的三种恒定运动速度(0°/S,10°/S,30°/S)下,阈值对比敏感度函数CSF(V)和阈上对比度比配函数CMF(V,C)的测试数据.计算机拟合结果表明,在各个不同的恒定运动速度下,人眼的阈上对比度比配函数CMF(V,C)和阈值对比敏感度函数CSF(V),可以由静止目标的阈值对比敏感函数CSF近似地预测出来.本文给出了预测方法的数学描述及有关经验公式.     

浸制标本瓶封口的新方法

用107硅橡胶对浸制标本的标本瓶口进行封口,可以大大减缓标本防腐固定液的挥发,具有经济实用,拆封方便,外观整洁,效果显著等优点。     

不同复种制农田生态功能及其对土壤肥力的影响

利用我省优越的光热水条件,扩大复种指数,是提高粮食产量的重要途径。多年来,我省水田普遍是以“冬作双季稻”为主的“两水一旱”一年三熟制,粮食产量虽然比较高,但是生产成木高,投资效益低;同时有的地区长期为“两水一早”耕作制,降低了土壤肥力,已成为生产进一步发展的障碍。为此,我们进行了不同复种方式下农田生态系统的养分平衡、经济效益及其土壤肥力的研究,以探讨如何建立稳定高产的农田生态系统。     

Looking into the grooves of DNA

The present study is aimed at understanding the effects of DNA sequence, local conformation, and curvature on groove geometry. Energy-optimized structures are obtained by Jumna methodology; groove geometry is analyzed by a recently developed technique that allows an accurate and continuous measurement of width and depth. The mechanics of groove deformations is also studied and analyzed in terms of helicoidal parameters. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Looking deeper into vertebrate development

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive imaging method that provides three-dimensional (3-D) images of the internal structure of opaque objects, such as humans and mice. In optimal situations, spatial resolution can approach the micron level. Arbitrarily oriented single-slice images can be obtained in seconds, with full 3-D volume images taking tens of minutes to collect. The exquisite sensitivity of MRI to the local physical and chemical environment provides a wide range of mechanisms giving rise to intrinsic contrast in the MR experiment, thus providing images with dramatic differences between different tissue types (e.g. white vs grey matter, myelinated vs unmyelinated fibres, and brain parenchyma vs ventricles). The recent advent of physiologically sensitive MRI contrast agents opens up a wealth of new avenues of study, even including the in vivo imaging of gene expression.     

Looking into the water with a facet eye

The apparent velocity and apparent size of objects approaching an animal strongly depend on their size, their position within the visual field and on the path along which they move. It also makes a considerable difference whether both the animal and the objects are in air, or whether the animal looks from one medium into the other, as is the case in animals that live at the water surface. To systematically investigate this situation we calculated apparent velocity and size in the midsagittal plane of approaching objects of flat horizontal, rodlike vertical and spherical shape. We confine our investigation to object movements along straight horizontal and vertical paths and consider the situation for eyes with and without acute zones. The apparent velocity of an approaching object is low in the far field and increases rapidly close to the eye in both air and water. Along horizontal paths and close to the animal it is higher in water than in air. Along vertical paths and close to the animal it is higher in air than in water. Both relationships are exaggerated when there is an acute zone for vertical resolution along the animal's horizon. Boundary curves are calculated along which an approaching object is seen by a linearly increasing number of receptors. The change of apparent size is characterized by the density of these lines. Below the water surface the change of apparent size is similar to that of the apparent velocity. The apparent size of a horizontally elongated object approaching along a horizontal path increases steadily, that of a vertically elongated object along a vertical line initially increases, but can decrease again near the water surface. An acute zone substantially changes the shape and density of these contour lines. The biological consequences of these effects are discussed.     

Looking deeply into the nature of biological control

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