中国兰科羊耳蒜属新记录种——岩生羊耳蒜及其独特的珠芽繁殖方式

报道了中国兰科(Orchidaceae)羊耳蒜属(Liparis Rich.)植物一新记录种——岩生羊耳蒜(Liparis petraea),并提供了其形态描述及彩色图片,凭证标本保存于广西植物研究所标本馆(IBK).岩生羊耳蒜与见血青(L.nervosa)在形态上相近,但前者叶银灰绿色,叶面平展,唇瓣基部胼胝体为短圆...     

Three new species of Liparis s.l. (Orchidaceae: Malaxideae) from Southwest China based on morphological characters and phylogenetic evidence

Liparis aureolabella and L. mengziensis, two new species from the karst region of southwestern China, and L. bingzhongluoensis, a new species from montane region in Yunnan, are described and illustrated. L. aureolabella is easily distinguished from its relatives by having abaxially purple leave with purple reticulate veins prominent adaxially, a lip auriculate at base, and falcate-lanceolate pollinia. Liparis mengziensis is closely related to L. petiolata and L. auriculata, but differs from them by having an ovate to broadly ovate leaf, purple lip and apex connate along the margins. Liparis bingzhongluoensis is similar to Liparis nanlingensis, but the new species is characterized by having a lip with two transparent ridges on its disc, longitudinally concave basal callus and triangular column wings. Phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid matK sequences showed that L. aureolabella and L. mengziensis are nested with L. petiolata or L. auriculata in a monophyletic clade. L. bingzhongluoensis is sister to a clade formed by L. nanlingensis, L. tsii, L. sasakii and L. krameri. Moreover, morphological comparisons strongly support that the three species as separated species newly to science.     

Two New Species of the Genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Liparis</Emphasis> (Orchidaceae) from Korea Based on Morphological and Molecular Data

Two new species of Liparis Rich. (Orchidaceae) from Korea are described: Liparis yongnoana and Liparis pterosepala. Liparis yongnoana is similar to plants called as L. japonica and L. makinoana in having an anther cap with a beaked apex and a weakly reflexed labellum. However, L. yongnoana can be distinguished from them by a presence of a narrowly elliptic line on a labellum, a less emarginated apex of a more reflexed labellum, a short column, and a few flowers. L. pterosepala is similar to Liparis kumokiri, Liparis koreojaponica, and Liparis fujisanensis in having an anther cap with a mucronate apex and an excessively reflexed labellum. But L. pterosepala can be distinguished from the three similar taxa by its wide sepals and its early flowering time. Based on the molecular data using nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and cpDNA regions (matK, trnS-trnG, trnL with trnL-trnF), L. yongnoana has five autapomorphic substitutions in ITS region and four substitutions and one deletion in cpDNA. Another new taxon, L. pterosepala, has one autapomorphy in ITS and cpDNA regions, respectively. A molecular phylogeny also indicates that L. yongnoana is close to plants called as L. japonica and L. makinoana, and L. pterosepala is close to L. kumokiri, L. koreojaponica, and L. fujisanensis.     

Liparis angustioblonga sp. nov. (Malaxideae: Orchidaceae) from Shaanxi, China

Liparis angustioblonga P. H. Yang & X. H. Jin sp. nov. from Shaanxi, China, is described and illustrated. It is restricted to the Qinling Mountains at an elevation of 1060 m where it grows in deciduous broadleaf forest. Liparis angustioblonga is similar to L. pauliana but differs from it by having lateral sepals connate at base, lip rectangular–oblong, 14–15 mm long, 5–6 mm wide, with two lamellae forked divergent towards the margin.     

秀雅羊耳蒜,中国羊耳蒜属(兰科)一新记录种

报道了兰科羊耳蒜属一新记录种——秀雅羊耳蒜(Liparis elegans Lindl.),并提供了详细的形态描述和照片。本种与近缘种细茎羊耳蒜(L. condylobulbon Rchb. f.)和L. parviflora (Blume) Lindley的区别是:卵状假鳞茎较短,花序直立,花不倒置,花梗和子房较短等。     

Redescription of the festive snailfish, Liparis marmoratus (Scorpaeniformes: Liparidae), with a new record from the northern Bering Sea

The liparid fish Liparis marmoratus is redescribed based on examination of two syntypes and two additional specimens. Liparis marmoratus is distinguished from other Sea of Okhotsk and Bering Sea Liparis by having a wide head, small mouth, short blunt snout, closely set chin pores, small gill opening, a firm body with slightly developed subcutaneous gelatinous tissue, a nearly horizontal dorsal body profile, and unique body markings and coloration. Liparis marmoratus was previously known only from the Sea of Okhotsk. A Liparis specimen collected near St. Lawrence Island in the northern Bering Sea was compared to the type series and determined to be L. marmoratus. Received: April 4, 2000 / Revised: November 2, 2000 / Accepted: January 11, 2001     

A new species ofLiparis (Orchidaceae) from India

Liparis indiraii spec. nova from India is close toL. alata A. Rich. andL. atropurpurea Lindl.     

Aspidistra longgangensis sp. nov. (Asparagaceae) from limestone areas in Guangxi,China

Aspidistra longgangensis C. R. Lin, Y. S. Huang & Yan Liu, a new species of Asparagaceae from the limestone areas in Guangxi, China, is described and illustrated. It is similar to A. guangxiensis S. C. Tang & Yan Liu in the shape of the flower, but differs by leaf blade pachyphyllous and bigger; the perianth lobes with appendages at base, appendage oblong, 3–5 mm long, apex incurved; stigma upper surface white, with 4(3) radial, bifurcate lines in the center. The new species is currently known only from Longgang National Natural Reserve, situated in southwestern Guangxi, China, near the border with northern Vietnam.     

First record of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Liparis frenatus</Emphasis> (Gilbert et Burke, 1912) and new findings of <Emphasis Type="Italic">L. kusnetzovi</Emphasis> Taranetz, 1935 (Pisces: Liparidae) in Russian waters of the Sea of Japan

Two specimens of Liparis frenatus (Gilbert et Burke, 1912) of 30.1 and 55.5 mm in TL were recorded in Russian waters of the Sea of Japan for the first time. Five specimens of a poorly known species, L. kusnetzovi Taranetz, 1935, were found. Data on the areas of capture and counts of plastic and meristic characters are provided. The specimens of L. frenatus and L. kusnetzovi are described and compared to the closest species of the genus.     

A Record of the Cubed Snailfish, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Liparis tessellatus</Emphasis> (Pisces: Liparidae), in Peter the Great Bay,Sea of Japan

A specimen of the cubed snailfish, Liparis tessellatus was captured in Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan. The capture of L. tessellatus from this area a century after the first record is evidence that at present this species still inhabits Peter the Great Bay.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Biologiya Morya, Sokolovskii, Sokolovskaya.     

Liparis tsii: a new species of Orchidaceae (tribe-Malaxideae) from Guangdong,China with its phylogenetic position

Liparis tsii, a new orchid from Guangdong, China, is described and illustrated. It is compared with its closest allies: L. sasakii Hayata, L. nanlingensis H.Z. Tian & F.W. Xing, L. krameri Franch. & Sav., L. reckoniana T.C. Hsu and L. brunnea Ormerod belonging to section Liparis. Further phylogenetic study based on combined molecular data from nrITS and plastid trnL-F ascertained its phylogenetic position as L. tsii being sister to L. sasakii and L. nanlingensis. A key to identification with the allied species is provided.     

Lindernia ciliata subsp. sivarajanii subsp. nov. (Scrophulariaceae) from India

A new subspecies of Lindernia ciliata (Colsm.) Pennell is described and illustrated. Lindernia ciliata (Colsm.) Pennell subsp. sivarajanii Dhruvan et Mohanan differs from L. ciliata subsp. ciliata by its creeping habit, rooting from almost all nodes, distant and sub‐aristate leaf serrations, upper lip of corolla almost equal in length to the lower lip and straight staminodes.     

广西苦苣苔科稀有珍贵植物——弥勒苣苔

首次报道广西苦苣苔科植物一新记录属:弥勒苣苔属.该属接近金盏苣苔属,但不同在于弥勒苣苔属花冠上唇4浅裂,下唇不分裂,2对雄蕊分别着生于花冠中部及其上方,雌蕊具一个柱头.弥勒苣苔属为中国特有的单型属,仅弥勒苣苔一种,分布于云南东南部和广西西部.该种在广西首次记录,凭证标本存放于广西植物标本馆(IBK).     

Salvia lagochila sp. nov. (Lamiaceae) from Yunnan,China

A new species, Salvia lagochila T. Wang & L. Wang sp. nov. (Lamiaceae) is described from Shangri‐La County in northwestern Yunnan, China. The diagnostic morphological characteristics in relation to closely similar species are discussed. Nutlet micro‐morphology was examined using scanning electron microscopy, and leaf anatomic structures were studied using light microscope. The new species is included in S. subgen. Salvia sect. Eurysphace subsect. Perennes on the basis of its perennial habit, entire upper floral lip and arcuate anther connectives.     

Larvae and Juveniles of the Genus Liparis (Pisces: Liparidae) from the Northwestern Sea of Japan

Larvae and juveniles of Liparis ochotensis, L. latifrons, L. tartaricus, L.brashnikovi, and L. kusnetzovi (Liparidae) are described for the first time based on ichthyoplankton catches carried out in the northwestern Sea of Japan in the decade 1992–2002. Our earlier published data on the larval development of L. agassizii and juveniles of L. punctulatus are supplemented. It is shown that larval development in the Liparis includes a planktonic stage. The larvae of different species turn into juveniles at a different lengths: under 15 mm in the case of littoral species and at about or over 20 mm in the case of sublittoral species. The major morphological characteristics of larvae of different Liparis species—body height and shape, pelvic disk length, preanal length, presence of a notch in the dorsal fin, pigmentation pattern, and others—have been distinguished. Original illustrations of larvae and juveniles are provided.     

Rungia sinothailandica sp. nov. (Acanthaceae) from China and Thailand

Rungia sinothailandica (Acanthaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China and Chiang Rai, Thailand is described and illustrated. A colour plate, line drawing and distribution map of R. sinothailandica are provided. Rungia sinothailandica is similar to R. pinpienensis H. S. Lo, but differs in the broadly ovate sterile bracts and obovate‐elliptic fertile bracts, the crispate and tawny bracts margin, the 2‐lobed upper lip of the corolla and puberulent capsule. It is also similar to R. burmanica (C. B. Clarke) B. Hansen, but is easily distinguished by pubescent stems and leaves, the cymbiform‐oblong bracteoles and the 2‐lobed upper lip of corolla.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Lockhartia viruensis</Emphasis> (Orchidaceae-Oncidiinae), a new species from Roraima state,Brazilian Amazonia region

A new species, Lockhartia viruensis, is described and illustrated from the state of Roraima, in the Brazilian Amazon, and its affinities are discussed. The new species is similar to L. imbricata, but differs by having an entire lip with an obtuse to rounded apex, a callus on the disk of the lip with a longitudinal row of papillae with a rounded apex, and the margin of the column wings entire.     

A Remarkable New Species of Liparis (Orchidaceae) from China and Its Phylogenetic Implications

In the present study, we formally describe Liparis pingxiangensis as a new species from Guangxi, China on the basis of morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses. It is easily distinguished from closely related species by strongly curved column without column wings, and broadly rhombic-elliptic lip with 2 uncinate calli at the base. In particular, it differs most markedly from its congeners in possessing two pollinia attached by long and prominent caudicles (not stipes), to a distinct sticky disc. This type of pollinarium, as far as we know, is not found in any other species of Liparis, and is also unique among the orchids with waxy pollinia. We then proceeded to a phylogenetic analysis to ascertain the systematic position of this enigmatic species. Molecular study based on nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid matK DNA sequence data supports L. pingxiangensis as a distinct species, which forms an independent lineage sister to L. nervosa and its allies (93% BS, 1.00 BPP). In the light of previous work, the findings have important implications for a better understanding of the well-supported pattern mainly based on vegetative features in Malaxideae.     

Age/size relations and food of two snailfishes,Liparis gibbus and Careproctus reinhardii (Teleostei,Liparididae) from Spitsbergen coastal waters

Summary The snailfish family Liparididae was well represented in bottom trawl hauls (205–370 m) from the Spitsbergen area, with Liparis gibbus being the dominant species. Careproctus reinhardti was less numerous. The present paper is based on 539 specimens of C. gibbus (size range 6–25cm) and 120 specimens of L. reinhardti (size range 5–26 cm). Both species showed a rather similar size and age distribution. The stomach contents reveal that both snailfish species feed both benthically and pelagically. Crustaceans, especially amphipods and decapods, were the most common prey items. With increasing size of the fish, the decapod Pandalus borealis becomes more important, particularly for L. gibbus. Juvenile Liparis (1.3–4.3 cm in length) were found pelagically (35–200 m), and their diet mainly consisted of copepods and young hyperiid amphipods.     

狮耳草属——中国唇形科植物一新归化属

该文报道了中国唇形科植物一新归化种——荆芥叶狮耳草[Leonotis nepetifolia(L.)R.Br.],该种的发现代表狮耳草属[Leonotis(Pers.)R.Br.]在中国的新归化。狮耳草属的主要特征为轮伞花序腋生,苞片和萼齿顶端针刺状,花冠桔红色或黄色,冠唇上唇较大,下唇较小;其与绣球防风属(Leucas R.Br)较为接近,但后者的萼齿等大,花冠通常白色,花冠筒不超出萼外,冠檐下唇长于上唇,二者区别较为显著。荆芥叶狮耳草为一年生草本。轮伞花序球形,多花密集,其下承以多数密集苞片;苞片细长,向下微弯曲,先端针刺状。花萼管状,先端膨大而略折曲;萼齿针刺状,最上面一枚较大。花冠桔红色,密被桔红色绒毛;花冠筒细长,伸出萼筒之外;冠檐二唇形,上唇较大,下唇较小。荆芥叶狮耳草与同属植物Leonotis leonurus R.Br.最为相似,但前者叶为卵圆形或心形,后者的叶片多为披针形。根据该研究的标本和相关文献资料,该文还提供了狮耳草属和荆芥叶狮耳草的形态描述、地理分布的讨论,以及荆芥叶狮耳草的资源价值、归化途经、繁殖和危害的讨论和野外生态照片。