特新蚤指名亚种幼虫的形态(英文)

本文详细描述了尚未报道的特新蚤指名亚种Neopsyllaspecialisspecialis幼虫形态。它与新蚤属已描述的5种或亚种幼虫的鉴别特征是：1-3胸节腹板上后排主鬃列长鬃外侧有2个小鬃;破卵器的长宽比例,大颚的齿数和齿形,前后头刚毛的数目和长度,肛梳刚毛和支柱毛的数目。作者观察到特新蚤指名亚种幼虫第10背板上有感器一对,并又观察了4科9种或亚种蚤幼虫和Bartkowska（1965,1972）,Kirjakova（1968）的描述,认为该特征可能是多毛蚤科幼虫的鉴别恃征之一。     

方叶栉眼蚤幼虫的形态(英文)

本文首次描述了方叶栉眼蚤Ctenophthalmusquadratus幼虫的形态。它与栉眼蚤属已经描述的田栉眼蚤的鉴别特征是：破卵器前都较长,是后部的1．6－1．8倍,大颚的齿数和肛梳刚毛的数目。     

窄板额蚤华北亚种幼虫形态研究（蚤目：细蚤科）

描述了窄板额蚤华北亚种的幼虫形态,并和同属幼虫进行比较。窄板额蚤华北亚种幼虫的形态和棕形额蚤指名亚种幼虫的形态比较相似,但肛梳刚毛数量可以区分,前者总数超过24根,后者总数不超过20根。再通过与其它5种(亚种)额蚤幼虫的形态比较,发现属于额蚤亚属5种幼虫的大颚齿数一般为5个齿,一龄幼虫的破卵器正面为鞋形;而属于鸟额蚤亚属前额蚤灰獭亚种的幼虫的大颚齿数达9个,一龄幼虫的破卵器正面为球拍形。这些差异可能是亚属间的形态差异。     

方形黄鼠蚤松江亚种幼虫形态及与同属蚤幼虫的比较

蚤类的幼虫形态,我国迄今已报告15种,其中蚤科Pulicidae 3种,多毛蚤科Hystrichopsyliidae 4种,细蚤科Leptopsyllidae 2种,蝠蚤科Ischnopsyllidae 1种,角叶蚤科Oeratophyllidae 5种。而角叶蚤科的黄鼠蚤属Citellophilus目前已报告2种,即方形黄鼠蚤指名亚种C.t.tesquorum(1961)和三鬃黄鼠蚤巴湖亚种C.trispinus balkhaschensis(叶瑞玉等,1982)。我们在探索方形黄鼠蚤松江亚种C.tesquorum sungaris的生物学特征中,对它的幼虫形态进行了研究,并与同属2个亚种的幼虫形态相比较。     

青海省鸟蚤一新种(蚤目:角叶蚤科)

1972年8月,从青海省玛沁县的喜鹊Pica pica巢中采得一种跳蚤,经鉴定属于角叶蚤属Ceratophyllus Curtis,1832一新种,现记述如下。 喜鹊角叶蚤,新种Ceratophyllus picatilis sp. nov. 鉴别特征 本新种两性变形节的基本形态与梯指角叶蚤海岛亚种Ceratophyllus vagabundus insularis Rothschild, 1906接近,但♂抱器可动突端缘圆凸,无后端角,♀第7腹板端缘宽圆,易与梯指角叶蚤海岛亚种相鉴別。     

棕形额蚤指名亚种幼虫形态及与同属蚤幼虫的比较

我国已描述的蚤幼虫约有50余种或亚种,而额蚤属幼虫已有5种或亚种：似升额蚤介中亚种FrontopsyllaelatoidesintermediaCai,Wu＆Zhang,1987[1,2],似升额蚤指名亚种FrontopsyllaelatoideselatoidesWagner,1928[3],升额蚤指名亚种Frontopsyllaelatae－lata（JordanetRothschild,1915）[4],无棘鬃额蚤FrontopsyllaaspindermisLiu＆Wu,1960[5]和前额蚤灰獭亚种FrontopsyllafrontalisbaibacinaJi,1979[2]。本文首次描述可疑的鼠疫媒介蚤种棕形额蚤指名亚种FrontopsyllaspadixSpadix（Jordan＆Rothschild,1927）的幼虫形态,并与同…     

青海省鸟蚤一新种(蚤目:角叶蚤科)

角叶蚤属(Ceratophyllus Curtis,1832)原只有两个亚属,Smit在1983年将角叶蚤科有关属和亚属与角叶蚤属合并,同时建立两个新亚属,现包括下列几个亚属:(1)Amonopsyllus Wagner,1938,(2)Celeophilus Smit,1983,(3)Ceratophyllus Curtis,1832,(4)Emmareus Smit,1983,(5)Monopsyllus Kolenati,1857,(6)RosickyianaSmit,1972,本属共计有72种和亚种。亚属Emmareus计载有9种,近来又发表Ce-ratophyllus(Ceratophyllus)chasteli Beaucournu, Monnat & Launay,1982应归到此亚属中。本亚属青海只有粗毛角叶蚤(C.(Emmareus)garei Rothschild,1902)和北方     

我国若干蚤类幼虫形态的比较

蚤类幼虫的研究开始于Laboulbene(1872)对猫栉首蚤(Ctenocephalides felis)幼虫的描述。王敦清(1956)对国内常见的人蚤(Pulex irritans)、印鼠客蚤(Xenopsylla cheopis)、猫栉首蚤、适存病蚤(Nosopsyllus nicanus)、不等单蚤(Monopsyllus anisus)、缓慢细蚤(Leptopsylla segnis)、印度蝠蚤(Ischnopsyllus indicus)等7种蚤幼的形态进行了比较研究;柳支英(1957)描述了幼稚狭蚤(Stenoponia sidimi)(现核正为上海狭蚤S.shanghaiensis)幼虫形态;虞以新(1957)报道了麻雀脊蚤(即禽角叶蚤欧亚亚种的同物异名)(Ceratophyllus gallinae tribulis)幼虫;孙昌秀(1965)描述了二齿新蚤(Neopsylla bidenta-     

前额蚤灰獭亚种幼虫形态的描述

本文对前额蚤灰獭亚种Frontopsylla frontalis baibacina Ji, 1979的幼虫形态进行了描述,并与同属似升额蚤介中亚种和无棘鬃额蚤的幼虫形态作了比较,其结果有共同点也有异点。     

倍蚤属二新亚种(蚤目:角叶蚤科)

最近我们在整理倍蚤属的跳蚤标本时,发现二个新的地区亚种,分述如下。1.卷带倍蚤巴东亚种 Amphalius spirataenius badongensis Ji,Chen et Wang, 新亚种(图1—4) 鉴别特征 与指名亚种的主要区别在于抱器可动突上无刺或亚刺鬃,阳茎内突端附器卷曲成外圈,第9腹板腱和阳茎腱相应卷曲成6圈。第7腹板后缘凹窦较浅,亚后缘有弱角化区,第8背板后腹缘的鬃呈一半放射状。     

MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE LARVAE OF CERATOPHYLLUS FARRENICHAOI AND THEIR COMPARISON WITH THE LARVAE OF CERATOPHYLLUS CALLINAE TRIBULIS

Abstract This paper deals with the morphology of the larvae of Cerutophyllus farreni chaoi Smit and Allen, 1955 and a comparison is made with the larvae of C. gallinue tribulis Jordan, 1926.
The diagnostic characters of the larvae of the two subspecies are the shape of egg burster, number of mandibular teeth, the relative positions of the sense organs and setae on the tergites of the thorax and abdomen and number of the setae of anal comb and the strut setae.     

MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION ON THE LARVA OF NEOPSYLLA SPECIALIS SPECIALIS*

Abstract This paper deals in detail with the morphology of the larva of Neopsylla specialis specialis Jordan, 1932. It may be distinguished from other larvae of 5 species or subspecies of Neopsylla by two fine setae lying on outside of each posterior long seta on the ventral plates of the first to third thoracic segments, ratio of the length and width of the egg burster, number and shape of mandibular teeth, number and length of the setae in the anterior and posterior row on dorsal side of head, and number of the setae of anal comb and the strut setae. The sense organs on the 10th tergite are discussed.     

THE FUNCTIONAL BASIS OF NATURAL SELECTION FOR VERTEBRAL TRAITS OF LARVAE IN THE STICKLEBACK GASTEROSTEUS ACULEATUS

Previous studies have demonstrated selective predation for vertebral traits of larvae in the stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus. I tested the hypothesis that this selection results from a direct functional advantage to particular vertebral phenotypes by direct measurement of the burst swimming performance of larvae. Within a narrow window of lengths, burst speed did depend on vertebral phenotype. As in the previous predation experiments, performance was related more directly to the ratio of abdominal to caudal vertebrae (VR) than to the total number of vertebrae (VN), and the optimal VR decreased as larval length increased. Changes with length in the vertebral phenotype frequencies of wild larvae provided evidence of selection for VR and for VN in the wild. Larvae with particular VR increased in frequency in the wild at just those lengths when their relative performance was superior in the laboratory. The observed pattern of length-dependent selection for vertebral number provides an explanation for the widespread trends in vertebral number that occur among populations of related fishes.     

虫草蝠蛾幼虫空间分布型的研究

空间分布型的研究是现代理论生态学的重要基础工作之一,它在实际应用上亦具重要意义。它不仅可揭示出种群的空间结构特征,而且还是确定抽样技术、资料代换和正确估计种群数量的基础。 目前,国内外有关昆虫空间分布型的研究多限于农林业害虫,对其它昆虫的空间分布研究甚少。虫草蝠蛾是我国名贵中药材冬虫夏草的寄主昆虫,主要分布在青海、西藏、四川、云南四省境内的高山草甸。近年来,冬虫夏草产量逐年下降,远远不适应市场的需求,更因自然资源日趋减少,大有枯竭之势。为挽救这一珍贵资源昆虫,急待尽     

粘虫幼虫血淋巴中的凝集素

粘虫Mythlmna separata Walker幼虫血淋巴中含有凝集某些脊椎动物红细胞的凝集素,凝集活性可被乳糖、岩藻糖或神经氨酸抑制.用CNBr-sepharose 4B 进行亲和层析从血淋巴中分离的凝集素成分比较复杂,聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳显示三条区带,SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳出现6个亚基,亚基分子量分别为71000、65000、56000、35000、33000及31000道尔顿.     

臭氧对墨西哥豆瓢虫取食和生长的影响

本文报道在美国农业研究中心用臭氧在室内熏蒸和田间开顶熏蒸植物,用此饲养墨西哥豆瓢虫的实验,以及熏蒸后植物体内某些化合物含量变化的测定.结果表明,墨西哥豆瓢虫(Epilachna varivestis Mulsant)喜食臭氧(O₃)污染的植物,幼虫取食O₃污染植物后蛹显著重于取食未受污染植物所形成的蛹.根据豆瓢虫食性和植物体内糖含量的测定,可以认为,低浓度O₃污染导致植物体内糖含量的增加,是促使豆瓢虫取食量和蛹重增加的重要因素.     

稻茎毛眼水蝇幼虫田间分布型及抽样技术

根据14丘稻田稻茎毛眼水蝇幼虫调查资料．对其幼虫分布型进行了分析。结果表明;用I、CAm／m、Iσ四种聚集指标法测定,64．3％的田块呈随机分布．28．4%为均匀分布．7．3%为聚集分布。用Iwao平均拥挤度和Taylor幂法则测定．其田间分布型符合随机分布。用频次拟合法测验,50%的田块同时符合渡松、奈曼和负二项分布三种分布型;35．7%的田块同时符合2种分布型。根据该虫田间分布型的特点．制定了相应的序贯抽样技术。