不同材料充填修复下颌第一前磨牙楔状缺损的应力分析

目的研究三种材料对两种角度下颌第一前磨牙楔状缺损的修复效果。方法在下颌第一前磨牙颊颈部深度为1mm,夹角分别为30°、90°的楔状缺损有限元模型上用银汞合金、复合树脂和玻璃离子粘固粉三种材料进行缺损修复,以未修复的楔模型为对照,加载100N轴向力后,利用三维有限元方法进行牙颈部应力分析。结果三种材料修复均改善了缺损牙体的应力集中。银汞合金修复体较其他两种材料承受了更大的应力,使缺损局部牙体应力集中状况得以更多缓解,在角度增加时作用更明显。复合树脂最有效降低牙体内部区域的应力集中。结论楔状缺损充填修复可缓解缺损区牙体硬组织的应力集中,复合树脂相对理想。     

排龈线在楔状缺损充填修复中的应用体会

楔状缺损为临床常见牙体病,多采用光固化树脂或玻璃离子体水门汀充填修复。楔状缺损为位于唇颊侧牙颈部的硬组织缺损,缺损部位多可达龈缘以下。充填修复的质量对牙及牙周的健康有重要的影响。近两年来我科应用排龈线在楔状缺损充填前进行排龈,使缺损部位充分暴露,充填效果满意。     

结合薄层CT技术建立下颌第一前磨牙三维有限元模型

目的结合薄层CT技术建立下颌第一前磨牙三维有限元模型。方法对正常人下颌第一前磨牙进行薄层CT扫描及图像处理,通过Matlab和ANSYS软件建立三维有限元模型,并加载验证模型力学分析的可行性。结果建立了包含髓腔的下颌第一前磨牙的三维有限元模型,得到101564个单元,144053个节点。载荷后的应力分布主要集中在颊尖部位和根尖部位,牙颈部受力较小。结论薄层CT技术与Matlab和ANSYS软件相结合,建立包含髓腔的下颌第一前磨牙的三维有限元模型,精度高、速度快,使用灵活,为后期的楔缺模型建立和分析奠定了基础。     

固定全冠桥牙体预备的不同设计对支持组织的应力分析

本文利用三维有限元方法分析固定全冠桥牙体预备不同锥度和高度对基牙支持组织的受力影响,利用右下颌第一磨牙缺失,第二前磨牙和第二磨牙进行修复的三单位全冠固定桥作为研究基础,在高度一定,锥度分别为0°、2°、6°、12°、25°时,锥度一定,(牙合)龈高度分别为4mm、5mm、6mm时,分别垂直和颊舌水平加载150N,分析不同条件下基牙支持组织的受力。研究结果表明:颊舌向水平加载基牙支持组织的受力明显大于垂直向加载基牙支持组织的受力,随着锥度的增大和(牙合)龈高度的降低,支持组织的应力减小;水平加载条件下支持组织的应力随锥度的变化更为明显。     

排龈线对牙体楔状缺损患者炎症反应及悬突的预防效果

目的:探讨排龈线技术对牙体楔状缺损患者行充填修复术后发生悬突和炎症反应的预防作用。方法:选择我院收治的100例龈下牙体楔状缺损患者,根据治疗方式不同分为研究组和对照组。研究组采用排龈线技术对牙体楔状缺损排龈后以复合树脂充填,对照组对牙体楔状缺损常规处理后以复合树脂充填。观察并比较两组患者牙体楔状缺损的修复效果、悬突发生率,以及充填体颊侧龈沟液中天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)的水平变化。结果:治疗后,两组患者AST水平均较治疗前升高,但研究组AST水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组充填体脱落率及边缘不密合率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);对患者随访1年,研究组悬突发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:排龈线技术可有效减少牙体楔状缺损患者牙周组织炎症反应,降低悬突的发生率,值得临床推广应用。     

微钛钉种植体治疗上前牙前突的临床研究

目的应用微钛钉种植体治疗上前牙前突,评价微钛钉种植体增强磨牙支抗的安全性、有效性。方法选择20例患者,上牙列前牙区牙齿覆盖在Ⅱ°以上,平均覆盖为8.3 mm。应用微钛钉种植体,植入上颌第一恒磨牙和第二前磨牙颊侧根尖之间的牙槽间隔,以每侧200g力滑动内收前牙。通过比较矫治前后头颅侧位片分析其治疗的有效性。结果 20例牙弓突度均得到明显改善,切牙切缘平均内收6.8mm,支抗磨牙平均前移0.6 mm,磨牙在前后向和垂直向均未发生显著性移动,均无显著性扭转,种植体保持稳定。结论微钛钉种植体能有效治疗上颌前牙前突,起到磨牙强支抗的效能。     

Dega骨盆截骨术后最佳中心边缘角的三维有限元分析

目的:应用三维有限元技术评估发育性髋关节脱位(developmental dysplasia of the hip,DDH)患儿在Dega骨盆截骨术后不同中心边缘角(center-edge angle,CEA)状态下髋臼的应力分布,为术前的手术规划提供有参考价值的生物力学结果。方法:使用已建立的DDH患者髋关节三维有限元模型,以术后CEA27°为中间值,每3°为一个变量,在Mimics誖10.0软件的模拟手术模块分别构建7组髋臼截骨术后的模型。在单腿站立和双腿站立状态下测量不同CEA状态下髋臼的应力分布。结果:单腿站立情况下,CEA为24°、27°、30°和33°的术后模型患侧髋臼的峰值应力接近正常侧。双腿站立情况下,CEA为24°时双侧髋臼的峰值应力最为接近。结论:对于该患者而言,在7组术后CEA中,24°时患侧髋臼的峰值应力与健侧最为接近,可以认为是最佳的术后CEA。有限元技术能够为Dega手术的术前规划提供个性化的指导方案。     

完全固定桥修复前后基牙和牙槽骨表面的电测应力分析(二)

本文采用电阻应变片电测技术,在具有模拟双侧颞肌、嚼肌和颞下颌关节盘,牙列完整,(牙合)关系正常的头颅综合力学模型上,对完整牙列及局部缺牙区用完全固定桥修复后,不同(牙合)位上模拟产生正中(牙合)位下的早接触,测试分析基牙和牙槽骨受力后的应力分布。     

不同纤维桩表面处理方式对牙根修复后抗折裂强度的影响

目的:探讨不同纤维桩表面处理方式对牙根修复后抗折裂强度的影响。方法:收集行正畸拔除的前磨牙120颗作为本研究样本,随机将120个纤维桩分为对照组、喷砂组和过氧化氢酸蚀组,每组40例。对照组纤维桩表明不给予任何处理,喷砂组给予氧化铝砂粒持续喷砂粗化处理,过氧化氢酸蚀组给予10%过氧化氢溶液处理,均包埋于纤维桩道预备好的离体牙内,采用相同树脂制备成核,行全冠修复与黏固,再模拟口腔内部环境给予样本牙冷热循环处理,经相同环境加载后,置于电子万能实验机获取样本牙抗折裂强度数据。对比三组离体牙样本体型数据、离体牙断裂方式、抗折裂强度,对三组进行为期24个月的定期随访,统计三组修复体断裂率,并采用Kaplan-Meier曲线和Log Rank法分析三组的生存状况。结果:三组的离体牙样本关于牙齿长度、牙根长度、颈部颊舌径及颈部近远中径对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05);喷砂组和过氧化氢酸蚀组的离体牙抗折裂强度显著强于对照组(P0.05);喷砂组和过氧化氢酸蚀组的牙齿折裂总发生率分别为20.00%和22.50%,均显著低于对照组的70.00%(P0.05)。但两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。喷砂组、过氧化氢酸蚀组的生存状况显著优于对照组。结论:前磨牙修复过程中,对纤维桩表面进行喷砂或过氧化氢酸蚀处理均能提高牙根修复后抗折裂强度,改善修复体修复效果生存状况,且两种纤维桩表面处理方式对离体牙样本的断裂方式和抗折裂强度影响相当。     

牙体预备对高嵌体修复下颌第一磨牙力学影响的初步研究

目的：通过有限元法,探讨高嵌体修复根管治疗后的下颌第一磨牙后,牙体预备形式对牙体组织受力的影响,为临床提供力学理论依据。方法：模拟右侧下颌第一磨牙的三维有限元模型,磨牙存在合面I类洞缺损,根管治疗后采用高嵌体修复,分别设计三种牙体预备形式,即覆盖全部牙尖、覆盖全部功能尖和覆盖部分功能尖的高嵌体修复,对模型进行加载,观察牙体组织的应力大小及分布。结果：覆盖全部牙尖高嵌体修复时牙釉质出现一个应力集中区,其他两种设计出现两个应力集中区。垂直载荷下,釉质的最大主应力在全部牙尖组分别低于其他两组92．29％和89．76％;舌颊向载荷下比其他两组分别降低80．91％和76．53％。三组牙本质的应力集中区趋于一致。垂直载荷下,牙本质的最大主应力在全部牙尖组分别高出其他两组12．92％和14．73％;舌颊向载荷下较其他两组高1．26％和5．08％。结论：从生物力学角度,覆盖全部牙尖的高嵌体更有利于牙体硬组织的受力,可以更好的对牙釉质起到保护作用。     

The synthesis of 13- - - -15, 16-dihydroxyprostaglandins

Both pairs of -ll-desoxy- and -13- - -15, 16-dihydroxyprostaglandins have been synthesized via 1,4-conjugate additions of an appropriately functionalized -vinyl cuprate to the requisite cyclopentenone. These prostaglandin analogs are considerably less potent than PGE₂ as gastric secretion inhibitors or as bronchodilators.     

Synthesis of protected peptides with the sequence 8-13-1-3 and 4-13-1-3 of mycobacillin and their analogs

We have synthesized both a protected nonapeptide of the mycobacillin 8-13-1-3 amino acid sequence and a protected tridecapeptide of the 4-13-1-3 sequence, which are a fragment and a open chain analog of this antibiotic, respectively. Some of their analogs with a reversed configuration of the amino acids at fixed positions have also been synthesized. The nonapeptides were obtained by coupling partially protected mycobacillin fragments with the sequence 8-10 and 11-13-1-3 while the tridecapeptides were synthesized by coupling partially protected fragments 4-7 and 8-13-1-3. Configuration analogs of these fragments were also used. The coupling methods applied were DCCI/HONSu or DCCI/HOBt. The purification of the synthesized peptides was achieved by means of recrystallization or column chromatography on silica gel. They were characterized mainly by m.p., degree of optical rotation, elemental and amino acid analysis.     

Preparation of alkyl (R)-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate by acidic alcoholysis of poly-(R)-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate

An efficient method for the preparation of optically active alkyl (R)-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrates by chemical depolymerization of biopolymer, poly-(R)-(-)-(3-hydroxybutyrate), was established. This method consists of simple recovery of poly-(R)-(-)-(3-hydroxybutyrate) from bacterial cells followed by acidic alcoholysis. When poly-(R)-(-)-(3-hydroxybutyrate) was purified by a simple digestion method that used 0.2 N sodium hydroxide, alkyl (R)-(-)-hydroxybutyrates were most efficiently produced by alcoholysis with anhydrous hydrochloric acid.     

Tiered Assembly of the Yeast Far3-7-8-9-10-11 Complex at the Endoplasmic Reticulum

Target of rapamycin signaling is a conserved, essential pathway integrating nutritional cues with cell growth and proliferation. The target of rapamycin kinase exists in two distinct complexes, TORC1 and TORC2. It has been reported that protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and the Far3-7-8-9-10-11 complex (Far complex) negatively regulate TORC2 signaling in yeast. The Far complex, originally identified as factors required for pheromone-induced cell cycle arrest, and PP2A form the yeast counterpart of the STRIPAK complex, which was first isolated in mammals. The cellular localization of the Far complex has yet to be fully characterized. Here, we show that the Far complex localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by analyzing functional GFP-tagged Far proteins in vivo. We found that Far9 and Far10, two homologous proteins each with a tail-anchor domain, localize to the ER in mutant cells lacking the other Far complex components. Far3, Far7, and Far8 form a subcomplex, which is recruited to the ER by Far9/10. The Far3-7-8- complex in turn recruits Far11 to the ER. Finally, we show that the tail-anchor domain of Far9 is required for its optimal function in TORC2 signaling. Our study reveals tiered assembly of the yeast Far complex at the ER and a function for Far complex''s ER localization in TORC2 signaling.     

S-腺苷甲硫氨酸的研究现状及应用前景

介绍了S-腺苷甲硫氨酸的制备方法及稳定性研究现状,并对其临床应用及市场前景进行了分析。     

Divergent expression of claudin -1, -3, -4, -5 and -7 in developing human lung

Background

Claudins are the main components of tight junctions, structures which are associated with cell polarity and permeability. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of claudins 1, 3, 4, 5, and 7 in developing human lung tissues from 12 to 40 weeks of gestation.

Methods

47 cases were analyzed by immunohistochemisty for claudins 1, 3, 4, 5 and 7. 23 cases were also investigated by quantitative RT-PCR for claudin-1, -3 and -4.

Results

Claudin-1 was expressed in epithelium of bronchi and large bronchioles from week 12 onwards but it was not detected in epithelium of developing alveoli. Claudin-3, -4 and -7 were strongly expressed in bronchial epithelium from week 12 to week 40, and they were also expressed in alveoli from week 16 to week 40. Claudin-5 was expressed strongly during all periods in endothelial cells. It was expressed also in epithelium of bronchi from week 12 to week 40, and in alveoli during the canalicular period. RT-PCR analyses revealed detectable amounts of RNAs for claudins 1, 3 and 4 in all cases studied.

Conclusion

Claudin-1, -3, -4, -5, and -7 are expressed in developing human lung from week 12 to week 40 with distinct locations and in divergent quantities. The expression of claudin-1 was restricted to the bronchial epithelium, whereas claudin-3, -4 and -7 were positive also in alveolar epithelium as well as in the bronchial epithelium. All claudins studied are linked to the development of airways, whereas claudin-3, -4, -5 and -7, but not claudin-1, are involved in the development of acinus and the differentiation of alveolar epithelial cells.