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1.
Knowledge of the protonation constants of small dipeptide is important, interesting and necessary for complete understanding
of the physiochemical behavior of dipeptide. In this study, the protonation constants of some aliphatic dipeptides (Gly–Gly, Gly–Val, Gly–Leu, Gly–Thr, Gly–Phe and Gly–Met) were studied in water and ethanol–water mixtures [20% ethanol–80% water, 40% ethanol–60% water, 60% ethanol–40% water, (v/v)]
at 25 ± 0.1°C under nitrogen atmosphere and ionic strength at 0.10 mol dm−3 by potentiometry. The constants of the systems were calculated by using BEST computer program, and distribution species diagrams
were produced using the SPE computer program. The protonation constants were influenced by changes in solvent composition,
and their variations were discussed in terms of solvent and structural properties. The concentration distribution of the various
species in ethanol–water mixtures was evaluated. 相似文献
2.
Xixia Liu Hong Wang Yan Liang Jinyi Yang Hongbin Zhang Hongtao Lei Yudong Shen Yuanming Sun 《Molecular biotechnology》2010,45(1):56-64
The production and characterization of an anti-clenbuterol single-chain Fv antibody (CBLscFv)–bacterial alkaline phosphatase
(AP) fusion protein are described. The CBLscFv and the phoA gene of Escherichia coli strain K12 chromosomal DNA were cloned by PCR and sequentially inserted into the expression vector pBV220 to express the
CBLscFv–AP fusion protein in E. coli strain BL21(DE3)pLysS. SDS–PAGE and western blot analyses revealed that the fusion protein showed a molecular weight of 73 kDa
and bound with the antibacterial AP monoclonal antibody. Determination of enzymatic activity indicated that k
cat and K
m values of the fusion protein were 113.60 s−1 and 29.82 μM, respectively. Competitive direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the obtained fusion protein indicated
that the average concentration required for 50% inhibition of binding (IC50) and the limit of detection for CBL were 4.74 ± 0.003 (n = 3) and 0.54 ± 0.004 (n = 3) μg/l, respectively, and the linear response range extended from 1.13 to 69.68 μg/l. Cross-reactivity studies showed
that the fusion protein did not cross-react with CBL analogs. The present findings indicate that the production of the CBLscFv–AP
fusion protein in E. coli strain BL21(DE3)pLysS is feasible and suggest that it could be further used to develop a one-step ELISA for the specific
detection of CBL. 相似文献
3.
The cell wall of the red alga Bangia atropurpurea is composed of three unique polysaccharides (β-1,4-mannan, β-1,3-xylan, and porphyran), similar to that in Porphyra. In this study, we visualized β-mannan in the regenerating cell walls of B. atropurpurea protoplasts by using a fusion protein of a carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) and green fluorescent protein (GFP). A mannan-binding
family 27 CBM (CBM27) of β-1,4-mannanase (Man5C) from Vibrio sp. strain MA-138 was fused to GFP, and the resultant fusion protein (GFP–CBM27) was expressed in Escherichia coli. Native affinity gel electrophoresis revealed that GFP–CBM27 maintained its binding ability to soluble β-mannans, while normal
GFP could not bind to β-mannans. Protoplasts were isolated from the fronds of B. atropurpurea by using three kinds of bacterial enzymes. The GFP–CBM27 was mixed with protoplasts from different growth stages, and the
process of cell wall regeneration was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Some protoplasts began to excrete β-mannan at certain
areas of their cell surface after 12 h of culture. As the protoplast culture progressed, β-mannans were spread on their entire
cell surfaces. The percentages of protoplasts bound to GFP–CBM27 were 3%, 12%, 17%, 29%, and 25% after 12, 24, 36, 48, and
60 h of culture, respectively. Although GFP–CBM27 bound to cells at the initial growth stages, its binding to the mature fronds
was not confirmed definitely. This is the first report on the visualization of β-mannan in regenerating algal cell walls by
using a fluorescence-labeled CBM. 相似文献
4.
Ming Xing Huang Yun Ye Ya Xiong Chen Ya Li Han 《International journal of peptide research and therapeutics》2012,18(2):153-161
Two proteins with fibrinolytic activity were partially purified from yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) by ammonium sulfate precipitation between 30 and 70% saturation, gel filtration on Sephacryl-S200-HR, ion exchange chromatography
on DEAE-Sepharose-FF and metal chelate on Cu–HiTrap–IMAC–FF, but the enzymes had not been completely separated from each other.
The two partially purified fibrinolytic enzymes were designated as TMFE-I and TMFE-II (Tenebrio molitor fibrinolytic enzyme) with molecular weights of 27.5 and 24.9 kDa by SDS-PAGE individually. The partially purified solution
of TMFE-I and TMFE-II was considerably stable in the range of pH 5–10 and characterized by pH optimum of the enzymatic activity
at 8.0. Thermal stability of TMFE was excellent at 45°C and below. The K
M value was 0.26 mM for amidolysis of Bz–Arg–pNA. According to inhibitor analysis by fibrin plate method, phenylmethylsulfonyl
fluoride and tosyl-lysine chloromethyl ketone inactivated TMFE almost completely, but trans-(epoxysuccinyl)-l-leucylamino-4-guanidinobutane (E-64) and EDTA had little effect on their fibrinolytic activity. According to metal ion analysis
by fibrin plate method, the effect of metal ions on activity of TMFE showed a great difference. Na+, K+ and Zn2+ had little effect on the activity of TMFE. Mg2+ and Cu2+ showed inhibition effect on the fibrinolytic activity of TMFE, but Ca2+ increased the fibrinolytic activity of TMFE at final concentration varying from 0 to 30 mM. 相似文献
5.
The aim of this study to determine whether serum p53 protein and antibodies are associated with malignant tumors. A case–control
study was conduct in 569 patients with various types of malignant tumors and 879 healthy controls. Serum p53 protein and antibodies
were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The rate of positive p53 protein in patients with various malignant
tumors was 4.22% compared with 0.34% in healthy controls (P < 0.001). The rate of anti-p53 antibodies in patients with various malignant tumors was 14.59% compared with 1.02% in healthy
controls (P < 0.001). The adjusted odd ratio (OR) for p53 protein was 17.55 (95% CI = 4.98–61.94). The adjusted odd ratio for anti-p53
antibodies was 14.27 (95% CI = 6.75–30.16). The study strongly suggested that serum p53 protein and antibody are associated
with increased cancer risk and can be used as early serological markers in the diagnosis of malignancies tumors. 相似文献
6.
Biotechnologically produced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) neutralizing agents have proven efficient in patients suffering
from disparate autoimmune diseases. The rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) could be developed as a model for human autoimmune disease. Consequently, a large amount of M. mulatta TNF-α (mmTNFα) is required to further understand TNF-α-related pathogenesis and evaluate novel human TNF-α (hTNFα) neutralizing
agents. We therefore attempted to express mmTNFα by using a small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) fusion system. The synthetic
gene, encoding the fusion protein SUMO-mmTNFα, was inserted into a pQE30 plasmid and was transformed into Escherichia coli M15. The fusion protein was expressed as both soluble and insoluble protein in E. coli. Approximately 10–12 mg of SUMO–mmTNFα was obtained from the soluble fraction of 1 L of bacterial culture. Cleavage of the
fusion protein with SUMO protease produced native-like mmTNFα. Both native-like and SUMO-modified mmTNFα formed functional
trimers and showed excellent cytotoxicity (ED50, 0.05–0.1 ng/ml) in standard L929 cells. In addition, SUMO–mmTNFα and mmTNFα also exhibited cytotoxicity in human cancer
cell types, such as, breast, lung, and liver cancer cells. The hTNFα neutralizing agents, including soluble receptors of hTNFα
and antibodies against hTNFα, interacted with the mmTNFα. These results demonstrate that the bioactive mmTNFα produced with
the SUMO fusion system is useful for further research, especially for the in vitro preclinical evaluation of biological hTNFα
neutralizing agents. 相似文献
7.
S-thanatin, a small antimicrobial peptide with 21 amino acid residues, was expressed as a fusion protein containing thrombin
cleavage site in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). To reduce the production cost, immobilization of thrombin in polyacrylamide gel for cleavage was studied in this
work. The immobilized thrombin exhibited excellent activity within wider ranges of pH value and temperature for reaction than
free enzyme, and the residual activity could remain above 75% after ten times of usage. Tricine–SDS–PAGE result showed that
the immobilized thrombin could cleave the S-thanatin fusion protein effectively. After cleavage, recombinant S-thanatin was
purified by preparative reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrum showed that the molecular
weight (2,448.86) was close to the theoretical value (2,448.98). After purification, about 7 mg of S-thanatin was obtained
from 1 l of culture and the recombinant exhibited excellent bioactivity to E. coli ATCC 25922, with the minimum inhibitory concentration of 12 μg/ml. The purification method could be applied to prepare other
peptides with similar properties at low cost. 相似文献
8.
9.
An artificial fusion protein of Arthrobacter oxydans dextranase and Klebsiella pneumoniae α-amylase was constructed and expressed in Escherichia coli. Most of the expressed protein existed as an insoluble fraction, which was solubilized with urea. The purified fusion enzyme
electrophoretically migrated as a single protein band; M = 137 kDa, and exhibited activities of both dextranase (10.8 U mg−1) and amylase (7.1 U mg−1), which were lower than that of reference dextranase (13.3 U mg−1) and α-amylase (103 U mg−1). The fusion enzyme displayed bifunctional enzyme activity at pH 5–7 at 37°C. These attributes potentially make the fusion
enzyme more convenient for use in sugar processing than a two-enzyme system. 相似文献
10.
The OCTN2 cDNA amplified from human skin fibroblast was cloned in pET-41a(+) carrying the glutathione S-transferase (GST)
gene. The construct pET-41a(+)–hOCTN2 was used to express the GST–hOCTN2 fusion protein in Escherichia coli Rosetta(DE3)pLysS. The best over-expression was obtained after 6 h of induction with IPTG at 28°C. The GST–hOCTN2 polypeptide
was collected in the inclusion bodies and showed an apparent molecular mass on SDS-PAGE of 85 kDa. After solubilization with
a buffer containing 0.8% sarkosyl and 3 M urea, the fusion protein was applied onto a Ni2+-chelating chromatography column. The purified GST–hOCTN2 was treated with thrombin, and the hOCTN2 was separated from the
GST by size exclusion chromatography. After the whole procedure, a yield of about 0.2 mg purified protein per liter of cell
culture was obtained. To improve the protein yield, hOCTN2 cDNA was subjected to codon bias. The second codon CGG was substituted
with AAA; the substitution led to the mutation R2K in the hOCTN2 protein. hOCTN2(R2K) cDNA was cloned in pET-21a(+) carrying
a C-terminal 6His tag. The resulting protein was expressed in E. coli Rosetta(DE3)pLysS and purified by Ni2+-chelating chromatography. A yield of about 3.5 mg purified protein per liter of cell culture was obtained with this procedure. 相似文献
11.
Xue-mei Lu Xiao-bao Jin Jia-yong Zhu Han-fang Mei Yan Ma Fu-jiang Chu Yan Wang Xiao-bo Li 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2010,87(6):2169-2176
Lysozyme is an abundant, cationic antimicrobial protein that plays an important role in host defense. It targets the β (1–4)
glycosidic bond between N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic residues that make up peptidoglycan, making lysozyme highly active against Gram-positive bacteria. However,
lysozyme alone is inactive against Gram-negative bacteria because it cannot reach the peptidoglycan layer. Cecropins are cationic
molecules with a wide range of antimicrobial activities. The main target for these peptides is the cytoplasmic membrane. We
resume that cecopin may disrupt the outer membrane, giving the enzyme access to the peptidoglycan in cell wall. So in the
present study, novel hybrid protein combining Musca domestica cecropin (Mdc) with human lysozyme (Hly) was designed. The DNA sequence encoding recombination fusion protein Mdc–hly was
cloned into the pET-32a vector for protein expression in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3). The protein was expressed as a His-tagged fusion protein, and the Mdc–hly was released from the fusion
by enterokinase cleavage and separated from the carrier thioredoxin. Antimicrobial activity assays showed that the recombinant
fusion protein Mdc–hly has improved in vitro antimicrobial activity and action spectrum compared to Mdc and hly. Mdc–hly may
have important potential application as a future safely administered human drug and food additive. 相似文献
12.
Qi Wang Cui Min Tingting Yan Hefang Pu Yinqiang Xin Shuangquan Zhang Lan Luo Zhimin Yin 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2011,27(11):2603-2610
l-glutamine (Gln) is an important conditionally necessary amino acid in human body and potential demand in food or medicine
industry is expected. High efficiency of l-Gln production by coupling genetic engineered bacterial glutamine synthetase (GS) with yeast alcoholic fermentation system
has been developed. We report here first the application of small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) fusion technology to the
expression and purification of recombinant Bacillus subtilis GS. In order to obtain GS with high Gln-forming activity, safety and low cost for food and pharmaceutics industry, 0.1% (w/v)
lactose was selected as inducer. The fusion protein was expressed in totally soluble form in E. coli, and expression was verified by SDS–PAGE and western blot analysis. The fusion protein was purified to 90% purity by nickel
nitrilo-triacetic acid (Ni–NTA) resin chromatography with a yield of 625 mg per liter fermentation culture. After the SUMO/GS
fusion protein was cleaved by the SUMO protease, the cleaved sample was reapplied to a Ni–NTA column. Finally, about 121 mg
recombinant GS was obtained from 1 l fermentation culture with no less than 96% purity. The recombinant purified GS showed
great transferase activity (23 U/mg), with 25 U recombinant GS in a 50 ml reaction system, a biosynthesis yield of 27.5 g/l l-Gln was detected by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) or thin-layer chromatography. Thus, the application of SUMO
technology to the expression and purification of GS potentially could be employed for the industrial production of l-Gln. 相似文献
13.
Anchorage of GFP fusion on the cell surface of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pseudomonas putida</Emphasis>
Yulan Yuan Chao Yang Cunjiang Song Hong Jiang Ashok Mulchandani Chuanling Qiao 《Biodegradation》2011,22(1):51-61
Here we report the cell surface display of organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion by
employing the N- and C-terminal domains of ice nucleation protein (INPNC) as an anchoring motif. An E. coli–Pseudomonas shuttle vector, pNOG33, coding for INPNC–OPH–GFP was constructed for targeting the fusion onto the cell surface of p-nitrophenol (PNP)-degrading P. putida JS444. The surface localization of INPNC–OPH–GFP was verified by cell fractionation, Western blot, proteinase accessibility,
and immunofluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, the functionality of the surface-exposed OPH–GFP was demonstrated by OPH assays
and fluorescence measurements. Surface display of macromolecular OPH–GFP fusion (63 kDa) neither inhibited cell growth nor
affected cell viability. These results suggest that INP is an useful tool for the presentation of heterologous proteins on
cell surfaces of indigenous microbes. The engineered P. putida JS444 degraded organophosphates (OPs) as well as PNP rapidly and could be easily monitored by fluorescence. Parathion (100 mg kg−1) could be degraded completely within 15 days in soil inoculated with the engineered strain. These merits make this engineered
strain an ideal biocatalyst for in situ bioremediation of OP-contaminated soil. 相似文献
14.
Biosorption of organochlorine pesticides using fungal biomass 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Juhasz AL Smith E Smith J Naidu R 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》2002,29(4):163-169
Cladosporium strain AJR318,501 was tested for its ability to sorb the organochlorine pesticide (OCP) p,p′-DDT from aqueous media. When p,p′-DDT was added to distilled water, ethanol or 1-propanol solutions in excess of its solubility, p,p′-DDT was sorbed onto the fungal biomass. Increasing the amount of p,p′-DDT in solution by changing the medium composition increased sorbent uptake: p,p′-DDT uptake by the fungal biomass was 2.5 times greater in 25% 1-propanol (17 mg of p,p′-DDT g−1 dry weight fungal biomass) than in distilled water. When p,p′-DDT was dissolved in 25% 1-propanol (12 mg l−1), rapid p,p′-DDT sorption occurred during the first 60 min of incubation. p,p′-DDT in solution was reduced to 2.5 mg l−1 with the remaining p,p′-DDT recovered from the fungal biomass. A number of environmental parameters were tested to determine their effect on p,p′-DDT biosorption. As arsenic (As) is prevalent at DDT-contaminated cattle dip sites, its effect on p,p′-DDT uptake was determined. The presence of As [As(III) or As(V) up to 50 mg l−1] did not inhibit p,p′-DDT uptake and neither As species could be sorbed by the fungal biomass. Changing the pH of the medium from pH 3 to 10 had
a small effect on p,p′-DDT sorption at low pH indicating that an ion exchange process is not the major mechanism for p,p′-DDT sorption. Other mechanisms such as Van der Waals forces, chemical binding, hydrogen bonding or ligand exchange may be
involved in p,p′-DDT uptake by Cladosporium strain AJR318,501. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2002) 29, 163–169 doi:10.1038/sj.jim.7000280
Received 15 January 2002/ Accepted in revised form 18 May 2002 相似文献
15.
Wang Yueling Jiang Yan Yang De Li Wanyi Gong Tianxiang Feng Yan Jiang Zhonghua Li Mingyuan 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(5):917-920
Mouse beta defensin-1 (mBD-1) is a cationic peptide with broad antimicrobial activity. The mBD-1 gene was cloned and fused with TrxA to construct pET32-mBD1, which was transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3). The optimal expression conditions of fusion protein TrxA–mBD1 were: cultivation at 32°C in 2 × YT medium, induction
with 0.2 mM isopropylthio-d-galactoside (IPTG), and post-induction expression for 8 h. The fusion protein was highly soluble (90.0%) and accounted for
65% of the total soluble protein; and its volumetric productivity reached 0.67 g/l, i.e., 0.14 g/l of recombinant mBD-1. At
5 μM, purified recombinant mBD-1 killed 50% of Candida albicans.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
16.
Eva Pagacova Halina Cernohorska Svatava Kubickova Jiri Vahala Jiri Rubes 《Conservation Genetics》2011,12(1):71-77
Chromosomes of 228 captive specimens of the family Bovidae have been investigated. The examined animals were classified into
the subfamilies Aepycerotinae, Reduncinae, Antilopinae, Alcelaphinae, Hippotraginae and Bovinae. Polymorphism for one fusion
was identified in the species: Aepyceros melampus, 2n = 59–60; Redunca fulvorufula, 2n = 56–57; Kobus e. ellipsiprymnus, 2n = 50–52; Kobus e. defassa, 2n = 52–54 and Syncerus c. nanus, 2n = 54–55. This is the first study to reveal fusion 7;29 in Kobus e. defassa and simultaneously the respective polymorphism. Variation in the diploid number of chromosomes is also known in species:
Oryx g. dammah and Oryx g. leucoryx but in this study only fusion 1;25 was identified in both karyotyped species. Our study showed that 13% of investigated individuals
were polymorphic for the centric fusion and demonstrated the important role of cytogenetic screening in captive animals at
zoological gardens. 相似文献
17.
The amino acid l-theanine (γ-glutamylethylamide) has potential important applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries and increased
demand for this compound is expected. It is the major “umami” (good taste) component of tea and its favorable physiological
effects on mammals have been reported. An enzymatic method for the synthesis of l-theanine involving recombinant Escherichia coli γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) has been developed. We report here the application of small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO)
fusion technology to the expression and purification of recombinant Escherichia coli γ-GGT. In order to obtain γ-GGT with high theanine-forming activity, safety, and low cost for food and pharmaceutics industry,
M9 (consisting of glycerol and inorganic salts) and 0.1% (w/v) lactose were selected as culture medium and inducer, respectively.
The fusion protein was expressed in soluble form in E. coli, and expression was verified by SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis. The fusion protein was purified to 90% purity by nickel–nitrilotriacetic
acid (Ni–NTA) resin chromatography with a yield of 115 mg per liter fermentation culture. After the SUMO/γ-GGT fusion protein
was cleaved by the SUMO protease, the cleaved sample was reapplied to a Ni–NTA column. Finally, about 62 mg recombinant γ-GGT
was obtained from 1 l fermentation culture with no less than 95% purity. The recombinant γ-GGT showed great transpeptidase
activity, with 1500 U of purified recombinant γ-GGT in a 1-l reaction system, a biosynthesis yield of 41 g of l-theanine was detected by paper chromatography or high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Thus, the application of SUMO
technology to the expression and purification of γ-GGT potentially could be employed for the industrial production of l-theanine. 相似文献
18.
Multiple studies have indicated that SLE incidence exhibits a strong genetic background. We studied the frequency of the natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) receptor Thr72Ala (rs2255336) polymorphism in patients with SLE (n = 243) and controls (n = 502) in a sample of the Polish population. The p value for SLE patients with the Thr/Thr genotype was 0.0455 and Odds Ratio
(OR) = 0.3846 (95% CI = 0.1458–1.014). For the Thr/Thr and Ala/Thr genotypes we found p = 0.0135 and OR = 0.6556 (95% CI = 0.4684–0.9177).
The frequency of the NKG2D 72Thr allele in patients and controls was respectively, 15 and 21%, P = 0.0046, OR = 0.6547 (95% CI = 0.4877–0.8789). Our studies may confirm that the NKG2D 72Thr gene variant may protect against the incidence of SLE. 相似文献
19.
Omura F 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2008,78(3):503-513
Vicinal diketones (VDK) cause butter-like off-flavors in beer and are formed by a non-enzymatic oxidative decarboxylation
of α-aceto-α-hydroxybutyrate and α-acetolactate, which are intermediates in isoleucine and valine biosynthesis taking place
in the mitochondria. On the assumption that part of α-acetolactate can be formed also in the cytosol due to a mislocalization
of the responsible acetohydroxyacid synthase encoded by ILV2 and ILV6, functional expression in the cytosol of acetohydroxyacid reductoisomerase (Ilv5p) was explored. Using the cytosolic Ilv5p,
I aimed to metabolize the cytosolically formed α-aetolactate, thereby lowering the total VDK production. Among mutant Ilv5p
enzymes with varying degrees of N-terminal truncation, one with a 46-residue deletion (Ilv5pΔ46) exhibited an unequivocal
localization in the cytosol judged from microscopy of the Ilv5pΔ46-green fluorescent protein fusion protein and the inability
of Ilv5pΔ46 to remedy the isoleucine/valine requirement of an ilv5Δ strain. When introduced into an industrial lager brewing strain, a robust expression of Ilv5pΔ46 was as effective as that
of a wild-type Ilv5p in lowering the total VDK production in a 2-l scale fermentation trial. Unlike the case of the wild-type
Ilv5p, an additional expression of Ilv5pΔ46 did not alter the quality of the resultant beer in terms of contents of aromatic
compounds and organic acids. 相似文献
20.
An insect antifreeze protein gene Mpafp149 was cloned by the RT-PCR approach from the desert beetle Microdera punctipennis dzungarica. Sequence analysis revealed that this gene encoding a protein of 120 amid acids and this protein showed 65–76% homology with
other insect antifreeze proteins, the deduced amino acid sequence displays very high similarities in those regions that contain
tandem the 12-residue repeats (TCTxSxxCxxAx) domain and the TCT motif. Mpafp149 gene was cloned into pET-28a vector and expressed in Escherichia coli. A single-step purification based on specific binding of histidine residues was achieved. The purified His-MpAFP149 was SDS–PAGE
analyzed, showing an atypical migration with molecular weight of about 24 kDa. The expression of His-MpAFP149 was confirmed
by Western blot with specific binding to anti-GST-MpAFP149 antibody. The thermal hysteresis activity of the purified recombinant
protein was 0.915°C at 0.09 mg/ml, and the supercooling point was −9.6°C at 0.03 mg/ml. In vitro antifreeze activity assay
by measuring the survival rate of bacteria at −7 and −20°C respectively, with the protection of His-MpAFP149 showed that the
His-MpAFP149 fusion protein was able to enhance the freeze resistance of bacteria. 相似文献