共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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海洋微生物生物活性物质的研究进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
海洋微生物是海洋生物的重要组成部分.研究结果表明,海洋微生物产生的生物活性物质种类丰富, 主要包括抗肿瘤抗病毒物质、抗生素、生物毒素、酶类、酶抑制剂、多糖、不饱和脂肪酸等等.对海洋细菌、海洋真菌和海洋放线菌所产生的抗菌活性物质和抗肿瘤活性物质进行了综述. 相似文献
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海绵微生物生物活性物质的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
海绵独特的摄食、滤食系统使其体内体表富集了大量的微生物,这些微生物能够产生多种结构新颖的生物活性物质,对海绵微生物的研究正在成为开发海洋药物资源的重要内容之一。本文概述了近十年来对海绵微生物生物活性物质的化学成分和生物活性的研究进展。 相似文献
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海洋细菌活性物质的研究进展 总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27
由于海洋细菌有产生多种新颖独特的生物活性物质的巨大潜力,使其成为新药筛选的重要资源,在药品开发研究中具有良好的发展前景。综述了海洋细菌中具有药物开发前景的活性物质的研究和应用现状及其存在的问题。 相似文献
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厌氧微生物研究的新进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
厌氧微生物研究的新进展凌代文(中国科学院微生物研究所,北京100080)厌氧微生物是整个微生物世界的一个重要组成部分。厌氧微生物绝大多数为细菌,很少数是放线菌,极少数是枝原体,厌氧真菌尚见于个别的报道。厌氧微生物在自然界分布广泛。人类生活的环境和人体... 相似文献
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海洋细菌LU—B02生物活性物质发酵条件及理化性质研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
从辽宁渤海水域分离得到的多株细菌中筛选出1株能产生广谱抗菌物质的海洋细菌LU-B02,该菌对白色念珠菌、Y76等酵母状真菌具有较强的抗性,对一些海洋生物体病原菌或寄生菌以及农作物病原性丝状真菌也具有一定的抗性.在此基础上采用均匀设计对该菌株产生生物活性物质的发酵培养基进行选优;比较了不同菌龄、不同发酵时间LU-B02产生生物活性物质的浓度大小,考察了发酵液中生物活性物质对温度、pH值的稳定性;同时对生物活性物质的水溶性、离子特性等性质进行了研究.结果表明LU-B02菌龄16~24h、28℃下发酵26h产生的生物活性物质浓度最高,该物质为强碱性,水溶性强,对温度、pH值较稳定,为该活性物质的进一步提取精制和结构鉴定提供了依据. 相似文献
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海洋真菌生物活性物质研究之管见 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
海洋真菌是活性海洋天然产物的重要来源,到目前为止,已从海洋真菌的发酵产物中分离鉴定了1,117个新化合物。介绍了海洋真菌次生代谢产物的研究历史、现状、特点、研究方法、存在问题及其在新药研究中的应用前景。 相似文献
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本实验从辽宁大连海域的海水、海泥和海参养殖圈的样品中分离得到38株海洋放线菌,以金黄色葡萄球菌、溶壁微球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、副溶血性弧菌和铜绿假单胞杆菌为指示菌,筛选出两株抑菌活性高的菌株,分别命名为HS-B31和HS-B34。16S r DNA测序鉴定及构建系统发育树的结果显示,它们都属于放线菌目、链霉菌属的不同种。对两株链霉菌的发酵上清液进行萃取、粗提和浓缩得到粗提物,即B31和B34;抗菌作用的结果显示,这两种粗提物的抗菌效果均为显著。经薄层层析分析,并利用制备型层析板对粗提物B31和B34进行活性物质的分离制备,共得到八个组分,即B31-1、B31-2、B31-3、B31-4、B31-5和B34-1、B34-2、B34-3。用滤纸片法对这些组分进行抗菌检测,结果显示组分B31-3和B34-3不仅对革兰氏阳性菌金黄色葡萄球菌有较好的抑菌作用,而且对海洋致病菌革兰氏阴性菌副溶血性弧菌也显示出较强的抑菌效果。研究为新型抗生素的研制和应用提供了微生物新资源。 相似文献
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Bioactive compounds from marine actinomycetes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Actinomycetes are one of the most efficient groups of secondary metabolite producers and are very important from an industrial
point of view. Among its various genera, Streptomyces, Saccharopolyspora, Amycolatopsis, Micromonospora and Actinoplanes are the major producers of commercially important biomolecules. Several species have been isolated and screened from the
soil in the past decades. Consequently the chance of isolating a novel actinomycete strain from a terrestrial habitat, which
would produce new biologically active metabolites, has reduced. The most relevant reason for discovering novel secondary metabolites
is to circumvent the problem of resistant pathogens, which are no longer susceptible to the currently used drugs. Existence
of actinomycetes has been reported in the hitherto untapped marine ecosystem. Marine actinomycetes are efficient producers
of new secondary metabolites that show a range of biological activities including antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, insecticidal
and enzyme inhibition. Bioactive compounds from marine actinomycetes possess distinct chemical structures that may form the
basis for synthesis of new drugs that could be used to combat resistant pathogens. 相似文献
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Microorganisms are but a few micrometers in diameter and are not visible to the naked eye. Yet, the large numbers of microorganisms
present in the oceans and the global impact of their activities make it possible to observe them from space. Here a few examples
of how microorganisms can be studied from satellites are presented. The first case is the best known: the main pigment used
in photosynthesis (chlorophyll a) can be determined from satellites. These kinds of studies have contributed a tremendous amount of understanding about the
distribution and dynamics of primary production in the oceans. Two other examples will concern analysis of heterotrophic prokaryotic
production and estimates of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) concentration and flux to the atmosphere. These three processes are of
fundamental importance for the functioning of the biosphere. Marine microbes carry out about half of the total primary production
in the planet. A substantial fraction of the respiration in the oceans is due to the activity of heterotrophic prokaryotes.
Finally, the flux of DMS to the atmosphere is believed to constitute one of the mechanisms by which the biota can regulate
climate. The global implications of microbial processes in the oceans can only be addressed with the help of satellites.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
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海洋微生物的化学生态学研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近年来,海洋生物的化学生态学研究已成为国际化学生态学研究的亮点之一.该领域的研究不仅为生物进化研究提供了理论依据,也对海洋生态养殖、海洋生态环境保护以及海洋资源的可持续发展具有重要意义.本文从海洋动物、植物、微生物三方面综述了它们与海洋微生物之间的化学生态学关系.海洋动物与微生物的化学生态学作用主要包括抗菌、抗附着、共生3种关系.以发现具有生态学效应的化学信号物质的分子结构为主线,介绍了海洋植物和微生物方面的研究进展,并对该领域的关键性问题和发展方向进行了展望. 相似文献
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Surekha K. Satpute Ibrahim M. Banat Prashant K. Dhakephalkar Arun G. Banpurkar Balu A. Chopade 《Biotechnology advances》2010
Marine biosphere offers wealthy flora and fauna, which represents a vast natural resource of imperative functional commercial grade products. Among the various bioactive compounds, biosurfactant (BS)/bioemulsifiers (BE) are attracting major interest and attention due to their structural and functional diversity. The versatile properties of surface active molecules find numerous applications in various industries. Marine microorganisms such as Acinetobacter, Arthrobacter, Pseudomonas, Halomonas, Myroides, Corynebacteria, Bacillus, Alteromonas sp. have been studied for production of BS/BE and exopolysaccharides (EPS). Due to the enormity of marine biosphere, most of the marine microbial world remains unexplored. The discovery of potent BS/BE producing marine microorganism would enhance the use of environmental biodegradable surface active molecule and hopefully reduce total dependence or number of new application oriented towards the chemical synthetic surfactant industry. Our present review gives comprehensive information on BS/BE which has been reported to be produced by marine microorganisms and their possible potential future applications. 相似文献
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海洋细菌抗菌和细胞毒活性的初步研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
从不同海域的生物、海水和海泥中分离海洋细菌,利用琼脂扩散法和MTT法对细菌培养液的乙酸乙酯提取物进行了抗菌和细胞毒活性筛选。比较了活性菌株与来源的相关性.结果表明,在分离的341株海洋细菌中。42株细菌的代谢产物具有抗菌活性,7株具有细胞毒活性,其中来源于海洋无脊椎动物和海藻的活性菌株比例(22%和11%)大于来源于海水和海泥的细菌(7%和5%).细菌分类鉴定结果显示,具有活性的细菌大部分属于假单胞菌属、发光杆菌属、梭状芽孢杆菌属、交替单胞菌属和黄杆菌属. 相似文献
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A new compound (1), named diaporthelactone, together with two known compounds (2 and 3) were isolated from the culture of Diaporthe sp., a marine fungus growing in the submerged rotten leaves of Kandelia candel in the mangrove nature conservation areas of Fugong, Fujian Province of China. The new compound was elucidated to be 1,3-dihydro-4-methoxy-7-methyl-3-oxo-5-isobenzofuran-carboxyaldehyde (1), which showed cytotoxic activity against KB and Raji cell lines (IC50 6.25 and 5.51 microg mL(-1), respectively). Two known compounds, 7-methoxy-4,6-dimethyl-3H-isobenzofuran-1-one (2) and mycoepoxydiene (3), were also demonstrated to exhibit cytotoxic activities for the first time. All three compounds were assessed for antimicrobial activity. 相似文献