A revision of the genus Lasianthus (Rubiaceae) in Africa, excluding Madagascar

23 species, one subspecies and three varieties have been described or named for the pan-tropical genus Lasianthus Jack (Rubiaceae) in continental Africa. In the present revision thirteen species, five subspecies and one variety are recognized; additionally two hybrids are proposed. Of the previously named taxa, the subspecies is raised to species rank whereas two species are degraded to subspecies and variety status, respectively. Five species are synonymised including two varieties, and four are left with uncertain status, including one variety. The distribution of the genus in Africa consists of two distinct elements: one component is found in the Guineo-Congolian regional centre of endemism and one in the eastern part of Afiomontane Archipelago-like regional centre of endemism. A centre of species diversity is found in Eastern Arc Mts., where six endemic species occur together with L. laxinervis and the more widespread L. kilimandscharicus. Four of the species are strict endemics of the Uluguru Mts. In addition to the presentation of the new section: Lasianthus Sectio Membranacei, sect. nov., this revision contain two hybrids from Uluguru Mts.: L. macrocalyx × pedunculatus and L. cereifizorus × pedunculatus, and following new taxa and new combinations: L. africanus ssp. biokoensis, subsp. nov.; L. africanus ssp. mayumbensis, comb. et stat. nov.; L. kilimandscharicus ssp. glabrescens, ssp. nov.; L. kilimandscharicus ssp. glabrescens var. xanthospermus, comb. et stat. nov.; L. kilimandscharicus ssp. hirsutus, ssp. nov.; L. laxinervis, stat. nov.; L. pedunculatus ssp. angustisepalus, ssp. nov.     

Festuca vivipara (Poaceae) in the North Atlantic area

Viviparous Festuca especially from the North Atlantic area have been examined. Based on especially the chromosome numbers they are divided into three subspecies and a number of hybrids: 1) F. vivipara (L.) Sm. ssp. vivipara , 2) F. vivipara ssp. hirsuta (Schol.) Frederiksen stat. nov., 3) F. vivipara ssp. glabra Frederiksen ssp. nov. Hybrids between F. vivipara on the one hand and F. rubra L. or F. ovina L. on the other were found to be common.     

The delimitation of Gelasine (Iridaceae), and G. uruguaiensis sp. nov. from Uruguay

The generic concept of Gelasine Herb. (Iridaceae) is reviewed, and the characters discussed in connection with Sphenostigma Bak., a synonym of Gelasine. The reduction of Sphenostigma is further justified on account of overlapping features. A new species from Uruguay, G. uruguaiensis Rav. sp. nov., is described and illustrated. This is shown to include two subspecies: ssp. uruguaiensis , and ssp. orientalis ssp. nov. The chromosome number of the latter is 2n = 14.     

Classification of Primula sect. Auricula (Primulaceae) based on two molecular data sets (ITS, AFLPs), morphology and geographical distribution

On the basis of the study of c . 1100 herbarium specimens, field observations and molecular (ITS, AFLPs) evidence, Primula sect . Auricula is classified into two subsections, 25 species and six subspecies. Primula auricula L. ssp. widmerae (Pax) L. B. Zhang stat. nov. , P. auricula Linn. ssp. tatriaca L. B. Zhang ssp. nov. , and P. latifolia Lapeyr. ssp. cynoglossifolia (Widmer) L. B. Zhang stat. nov. are newly described or combined; P. auricula s.l. is divided into two species: P. auricula Linn. and P. balbisii Lehm., representing the northern and the southern populations of P. auricula s.l. resolved in the molecular study, respectively; P. cottia Widmer and P. balbisii Lehm. are recovered from synonymy; P. grignensis D. M. Moser and P. pedemontana E. Thomas ex. Gaudin ssp. iberica Losa et P. Monts. are synonymized with P. hirsuta All. and P. pedemontana , respectively; P. clusiana is postulated to be an allopolyploid species. Phylogenetic relationships in the section are discussed based on morphological and molecular variation and geographical distribution.  © 2004 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2004, 146 , 1–26.     

吉林省针层孔属的初步研究

本文报道了吉林省针层孔属(Phellinus)的21种,其中新种2个:丁香针层孔(P.syringeus Zeng sp.nov.);硬盖针层孔(P.scleropilcatus Zeng sp.nov.);国内新纪录种3个(并一种为新组合):黄肉针层孔[P.rhabarbarinus(Berk.)Cunningh.];厚黑针层孔[P.euerhartii(Ell.&Gall)Ames];粗糙针层孔[P.rudis(Berk.)Zeng comb.nov.]。     

A phylogenetic study of the Plantaginaceae

In a study based on morphological, embryological and chemical data of the Plantaginaceae, within the subclass Sympetalae or Asteridae, the superorder Lamianae is shown to be monophyletic. However, it was not possible to reconstruct the phylogeny within Lamianae or to find a sister-group for the monophyletic Plantaginaceae – Hydrostachyaceae for the latter is rejected. Three or rarely four genera have previously been recognized within Plantaginaceae, but in both cases Plantago appears as polyphyletic, which is considered unacceptable. Six clades are recognized as subgenera within Plantago: subgen. Plantago (c. 131 species), subgen. Coronopus (c. 11 species), subgen. Littorella (three species), subgen. Psyllium (c. 16 species), subgen. Bougueria (one species), and subgen. Albicans (51 species). Within P. subgen. Plantago, the paraphyletic sect. Plantago (c. 42 species) is found in all parts of the world except South America, New Zealand, Australia, and New Guinea, where sect. Oliganthos and sect. Mesembryniae vicariate. It is not possible to infer the phylogeny within sect. Plantago, for example between the endemic species from distant Pacific Islands; their common ancestor might be a species that once had a very wide distribution. Keys to genera, subgenera, sections and series are given. Only one genus, Plantago L., is recognized. The following proposals are made in the Appendix: P. ser. Oliganthos Rahn, ser. nov.; P. ser. Carpophorae (Rahn) Rahn, stat. nov. (= sect. C.); P. ser. Microcalyx (Pilg.) Rahn, stat. nov. (= sect. M.); P. unibrackteata Rahn, nom. nov. (=P. uniflora Hook.f. non L.); P. subgen. Littorella (P. J. Bergius) Rahn, stat. nov. (=Littorella P. J. Bergius); P. araucana Rahn, nom. nov. (=Littorella australis Griseb. non Plantago australis Lam.); P. americana (Fernald) Rahn, comb. nov.(=Littorella a.); P. subgen. Bougueria (Decne.) Rahn, stat. nov. (=Bougueria Decne.); P. nubicola (Decne.) Rahn, comb. nov. (=Bougueria n. Decne.); P. subgen. Albicans Rahn, subgen. nov. Ten lectotypes are selected.     

中国绵蚜亚科三新种二新亚种记述(同翅目：蚜总科：瘿绵蚜科)

本文记述了中国绵蚜亚科Eriosomatinae种新和2新亚种,即：北扣绵蚜新种Colophina arc tica Zhang et Qiao,sp.nov.,多室四脉绵蚜新种了Tetraneura olychorema Zhang,sp.nov.,食榆四脉 绵蚜新种T.Ulmicema Zhang,sp.nov.,白卡绵蚜东台新亚种Kaltenbachiella pallida dongtaiensis Zhang ssp.Nov.和钉四脉绵蚜冰草新亚种Tetraneura capitatatusagropyricena Zhang,ssp.Nov.模式标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所。     

Note on the nomenclature of Cassieae (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae) in Malaysia

As a precursor for the treatment of Caesalpiniaceae in Flora Malesiana the following new combinations are proposed: Cassia javanica ssp. pubiflora stat. nov., C. javanica ssp. agnes stat. nov., C. javanica ssp. microcalyx stat. nov. C. javanica ssp. renigera stat. nov., C. javanica ssp. bartonii stat. nov., Senna divaricata comb. nov., Chamae-christa pumila comb. nov. and Chamaechrista mindanaensis comb. nov.     

Phylogenetic studies of the subgenus Nialoe (s. lat.) (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Genus Pterostichus), part 2: The Asymmetricus species group

Pterostichus (Nialoe) asymmetricus Bates and its allies are revised based on the membranous parts of their genitalia. Four new taxa, P. (N.) ovaliphallus sp. nov., P. (N.) fujimurai ibukiyamanus ssp. nov., P. (N.) shotaroi kiimontanus ssp. nov., and P. (N.) basilobatus sp. nov. are described. A cladistic analysis based on 31 morphological characters reveals that Daisenilaoe (s. str.) Nakane and Straneo is included as one clade within Nialoe (s. str.). The speciation and dispersal process of this species group are also discussed.     

Thysanoptera of the genus Dichromothrips on Old World Orchidaceae

Species of Dichromothrips are shown to be widespread on Orchidaceae in the Old World Tropics from Africa to New Zealand. The centre of diversity appears to be the Malaysian Region but this may be an artefact resulting from poor collections. The genus is redefined, its relationships discussed and a key provided to the 14 species [ australiae sp. nov., borneensis (Pr.); corbetti (Pr.); dendrobii Saki.; indicus sp. nov.; maori sp. nov._; nakahari sp. nov._; nigeriae sp. nov.; orchidis Pr.; phalaenopsidis Saki. (= sakimurai Bhatti syn.nov.); priesneri (Hood); semicognitus Saki.; smithi (Zimm.)j via torus sp. nov.|. Eugeneothrips Hood is synonymised with Dichromothrips.     

海南省粉褶蕈属的分类研究(Ⅰ)

本文报道了海南省粉褶蕈属[Entoloma(Fr.)Kumm.]6个新种,它们是:锈褐粉褶荤(Entoloma ferrugineobrunneum W.M.Zhang sp nov.),紫褐粉褶蕈(Entoloma purpureo-brunneum W.M.Zhang sp.nov.),丛生粉褶蕈(Entoloma caespitosum W.M.Zhangs sp.nov.)肉褐粉褶蕈(Entoloma carneobrunneum W.M.Zhang sp.nov.),近杯伞状粉褶蕈(Enloloma subclitocyboides W.M.Zhang sp.nov.),近偏生粉褶蕈(Entoloma subeccentricum W.M.Zhang sp.nov.),所有标本保藏于广东省微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

Chlorophycean algae from the Triassic of Australia

Among living green algae assigned to the order Chlorococcales and order Zygnematales certain species develop resistant outer organic walls and/or cysts during their life cycles; as such they have the potential to become fossils. Based on morphology, comparison between living algae and microfossil remains are made with varying degrees of confidence, and a possible evolutionary pathway for certain chlorococcalean coenobial families is suggested. Twelve genera are reviewed from earliest to latest Triassic palynological assemblages from northwestern Australia; and the following taxa are described as new: Plaesiodictyon mosellanum ssp. symmetricum ssp. nov.; Plaesiodictyon mosellanum ssp. variabile ssp. nov.; Plaesiodictyon decussatus sp. nov.; Plaesiodictyon decussatus ssp. decussatus ssp. nov.; Plaesiodictyon decussatus ssp. tetracornuta ssp. nov.; Tetraporina protrusa sp. nov.; Crucigeniella? torques sp. nov.; and Paleoraphidia akestra gen. et sp. nov. (type). Their suggested natural affinities are useful in palaeoenvironmental interpretations of mostly freshwater or low-salinity habitats.     

Espéces affines microsympatriques chez Puellina (Bryozoa, Cheilostsmata) et description d'espèces nouvelles

The existence of microsympatry (close coexistence in microhabitats) allows morphologically very similar forms belonging to intraspecifically highly variable taxa to be distinguished by consistent microanatomical characteristics at the specific level. Four pairs of closely related species of Puellina Jullien (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata, Cribrimorpha), microsympatric in the Mediterranean Sea to different degrees according to the magnitude of their coexistence, are considered at the systematic, ecological and biogeographic levels. P . ( Cribrilaria ) innominata (Couch) coexists with: (1) P . ( C .) picardi sp. n., in a wide range of littoral and deep habitats; (2) P . ( C .) hincksi (Friedl), in ecological transition zones within sciaphilic littoral communities. P . ( Glabrilaria ) pedunculata Gautier, an apparently Mediterranean endemic with a wide depth range, coexists with: (1) P . ( G .) orientalis orientalis sp. et ssp.n., in deep hard bottoms of the eastern Mediterranean, two other subspecies, P . ( G .) orientalis azorensis ssp.n. and P . ( G .) orientalis lusitanica ssp.n., being distributed in the near Atlantic; (2) P . ( G .) corbula Bishop & Househam, recently described from the English Channel, in cryptic littoral microhabitats of the northwestern Mediterranean.     

珀蝽属中国种类记述（半翅目：蝽科）

本文为珀蝽属中国种类的一次修订,共记述５个种和１个亚种,其中包括２个新种（邻珀蝽、黄珀蝽）和１个新亚种（庐山珀蝽云南亚种）。并对与中国区系有关的Ｐ．ｓｐｌｅｎｄｅｎｓ Ｄｉｓｔａｎｔ和Ｐ．ｖｉｒｉｄｉｃｏｌｌｉｓ模式标本作了重新描述。     

Morphology and taxonomy of the genus Cochlearia (Brassicaceae) in Northern Scandinavia

The morphological variation between populations of Cochlearia in Northern Scandinavia has been analysed. The variation is correlated to ecology, and four ecotypes are recognized. Based on the morphological differentiation of the ecotypes and the results of crossing experiments, the populations are referred to the following three taxa: C. officinalis ssp. officinalis which includes the common beach ecotype and the bird cliff ecotype; C. officinalis ssp. integrifolia stat. nov. which includes the spring ecotype growing in inland localities up to about 600 m a.s.l. in cold more or less eutrophic springs, and C. officinalis ssp. norvegica ssp. nov. which includes the estuary ecotype, growing in poor, often inundated habitats near river outlets at the fjord ends. All the differentiation has taken place at the tetraploid level (2n = 24). The subspecies are kept more or less distinct due to ecological and seasonal isolating mechanisms rather than internal, reproductive barriers. A key to the subspecies and distribution maps for ssp. integrifolia and ssp. norvegica are presented.     

An outline of a revised classification of Saxifraga L.

GORNALL, R. J., 1987. An outline of a revised classification of Saxifraga. A revised classification of Saxifraga is presented in which 15 sections, 19 subsections and 34 series are recognized. A total of 394 names are accounted for, including the following new taxa, combinations and names: series Hirculoideae (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; series Lychnitidae (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; series Nulanles (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; series Cinctae (H. Sm.) Gornall, stat. nov.; series Gemmiparae (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; series Spinulosae (C. B. Clarke) Gornall, stat. nov.; subsection Rosulares Gornall, nom. nov.; subsection Serpyllifoliae Gornall, subscct. nov.; subsection Hemisphaericae (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; section Merkianae (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; subsection Stellares (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; series Birostres Gornall, ser. nov.; series Melanocentrae (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; series Astasianlhes (Sternberg) Gornall, stat. nov.; subsection Micranthes (Haworth) Gornall, stat. nov.; series Aulaxis (Haworth) Gornall, stat. nov.; series Dermasea (Haworth) Gornall, stat. nov.; series Micranthes (Haworth) Gornall, stat. nov.; scries Aretioideae (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; series Juniperifoliae (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; series Lilacinae Gornall, ser. nov.; series Marginatae (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; series Squarrosae (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; series Rigidae (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; subsection Engleria (Siindermann) Gornall, stat. nov; series Subsessiliflorae Gornall, ser. nov.; series Oppositiofoliae (Hayek) Gornall, stat. nov.; series Tetrameridium (Engler) Gornall, stat. nov.; subsection Mutatae (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; subsection Florulentae (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; section Odontophyllae Gornall, sect, nov.; series Biternatae (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; subsection Triplinervium (Gaudin) Gornall, stat. nov.; series Arachnoideae (Engler & Irmscher) Gornall, stat. nov.; subsection Tridactylites (Haworth) Gornall, stat. nov.     

中国五节根蚜亚科二新属五新种及一新亚种记述(同翅目:瘿绵蚜科)(英文)

作者系统整理了中国五节根蚜亚科Fordinae标本,发现2新属：离倍蚜属DimelaphisZhang,gen．nov．和拟孕蚜属SicifordaZhng,gen．nov．;5新种：榆钱毛根蚜ChaetogeolcaulmidrupaZhang,sp．nov,钝镰离倍蚜D．obtusifalcataZhang,sp．nov,金黄五节根蚜FordaauralentaZhngetQiao,sp．nov,毛多五节很蚜F.multicomaZhng,sp．nov．及六节拟孕蚜S．sexiarticulataZhang,sp．nov．二新亚种：麦拟根蚜沾化亚种ParacletuscimicformiszhanhuanusZhng,ssp.nov。模式标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所。     

A systematic revision of Potentilla lineata and allied species (Rosaceae) in the Himalaya and adjacent regions

IKEDA, H. & OHBA, H., 1993. A systematic revision of Potentilla lineata and allied species (Rosaceae) in the Himalaya and adjacent regions . Potentilla lineata and allied species (Rosaceae) in the Himalaya and adjacent regions are revised. Potentilla festiva Soják, P. josephiana H. Ikeda & H. Ohba, P. lineata Trev., P. fallens Card, and P. polyphylla Wall, ex Lehm. are recognized. Potentilla josephiana is a new name for P.fulgens Wall, ex Hook. var. intermedia Hook. f. Four varieties are recognized in P. polyphylla: var. polyphylla; var. himalaka H. Ikeda & H. Ohba, var. nov.; var. interrupta (Yü & Li) H. Ikeda & H. Ohba, stat. & comb, nov.; and var. barbata Lehm. A polyploid series is found in this group. Four putative hybrids between the species are also recognized.