Wakubitinema toyamai n. gen. and n. sp. (Nematoda: Seuratoidea: Quimperiidae) from the intestine of Rana (Limnonectes) Namiyei (Amphibia: Ranidae) on Okinawa Island, Japan

Wakubitinema n. gen. (Nematoda: Seuratoidea: Quimperiidae: Quimperiinae) is erected for Wakubitinema toyamai n. sp. from the small intestine of Rana (Limnonectes) namiyei Stejneger, 1901, on Okinawa Island, Japan. Wakubitinema resembles Paraquimperia Baylis, 1934, and Desmognathinema Baker et al., 1987, but is readily distinguished from the former genus by the distinctly divided esophagus and the absence of cervical flanges and lateral alae, and from the latter genus by the postesophageal position of the excretory pore and cervical papillae and the presence of preanal unpaired papilla in males. Close morphological similarities between Wakubitinema and Paraquimperia may suggest that Wakubitinema has evolved from a quimperiid fish.     

Observations on three species of branchiobdellid (Annelida: Clitellata) worms from eastern Asia

Three jars from the Hamburg Museum contained specimens of Branchiobdella minuta, presumably from the original Pierantoni (1912) material, and Cirrodrilus cirratus and C. uchidai from Yamaguchi's (1932a) collection. The head of a syntype of B. minuta was described and B. cheni becomes its junior subjective synonym. One specimen each of C. cirratus and C. uchidai was sectioned and described, particularly the male genitalia. The diet of all three branchiobdellids consists of microorganisms. In Cirrodrilus sp. basic protein granules were demonstrated in the gland cells of the intestine and its chloragogen cells. The peristomial and lateral epidermal gland cell secretions were characterized histochemically.     

A phylogenetic assessment of the branchiobdellidan family Branchiobdellidae (Annelida,Clitellata) using spermatological and somatic characters

The spermatozoa of six species belonging to the branchiobdellidan family Branchiobdellidae (i.e. Xironogiton victoriensis, Cirrodrilus kawamurai, Ankyrodrilus legaeus, Xironodrilus formosus, Branchiobdella kobayashii, Branchiobdella orientalis) were studied and compared to the other sperma‐tozoa already described in the group. A parsimony analysis was performed on the spermatozoal data of the species examined, as well as on their somatic characters. The results of the two analyses were contrasted and a further parsimony analysis was run on the matrix comprising both sets of characters. The study of sperm ultrastructure confirmed the genera recognized with traditional somatic characters and the monophyly of the branchiobdellidans. Xironodrilus was proved to be the sister species of Ankyrodrilus and its inclusion into the family Branchiobdellidae was supported. Evolutionary hypotheses on intergeneric differences in the family consistent with its biogeography can be suggested by the cladograms: Xironogiton is an early offshoot of branchiobdellidan lineage migrating to North America and probably radiating only in recent times; Branchiobdella kobayashii has a spermatozoon completely different from that of the other species of the genus, thus suggesting a complex story for this widespread taxon with a disjunct distribution.     

Taxonomic revision of the genus Phryganogryllacris (Orthoptera: Gryllacrididae) from China

A taxonomic revision of the genus Phryganogryllacris Karny, 1937 is provided. Twelve species of the genus from China are recorded, including 5 species described as new to science, namely P. sichuanensis Li, Liu Li, sp. nov., P. parva Li, Liu Li, sp. nov., P. truncata Li, Liu Li, sp. nov., P. interrupta Li, Liu Li, sp. nov. and P. longicerca Li, Liu Li, sp. nov. Two new combinations are also reported here, P. gialai(Gorochov, 2004)(Vietnam) comb. nov. and P. alia(Gorochov, 2004)(Vietnam) comb. nov. A key to Chinese species of the genus was provided.     

NEW SPECIES OF GENUS MANSONIELLA POPPIUS FROM CHINA (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE: BRYOCORINAE)

本文记述了曼盲蝽属ＭａｎｓｏｎｉｅｌａＰｏｐｐｉｕｓ,１９１５的７个新种：环曼盲蝽Ｍ．ａｎｎｕｌａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;脊曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｃｒｉｓｔａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;狭长曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｅｌｏｎｇａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;黄翅曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｆｌａｖａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;胡桃曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｊｕｇｌａｎｄｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;瑰环曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｒｏｓａｃｅａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．;赤环曼盲蝽Ｍ．ｒｕｂｉｄａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。提出３个新组合：Ｍ．ｃｉｎｎａｍｏｍｉ（ＺｈｅｎｇｅｔＬｉｕ,１９９２）,ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．;Ｍ．ｓａｓａｆｒｉ（ＺｈｅｎｇｅｔＬｉｕ,１９９２）,ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．;Ｍ．ｗａｎｇｉ（ＺｈｅｎｇｅｔＬｉ,１９９２）,ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．,均由ＰａｃｈｙｐｅｌｔｉｓＳｉｇｎｏｒｅｔ属移入本属,模式标本存放于南开大学生物系昆虫标本室     

Monorchiid trematodes of the painted sweetlips,Diagramma labiosum (Perciformes: Haemulidae), from the southern Great Barrier Reef,including a new genus and three new species

Five monorchiid species are reported from Diagramma labiosum Macleay (Perciformes: Haemulidae) collected from Heron Island on the southern Great Barrier Reef (GBR): two described species, Helicometroides longicollis Yamaguti, 1934 and Diplomonorchis kureh Machida, 2005 and three new species, including one new genus, Asymmetrostoma heronensis n. g., n. sp., Lasiotocus arrhichostoma n. sp. and Proctotrema addisoni n. sp. Helicometroides longicollis and D. kureh were previously reported from the closely related species Diagramma pictum (Thunberg) from Japan. Two further monorchiid species known from D. pictum, Genolopa plectorhynchi (Yamaguti, 1934) and Paraproctotrema fusiforme Yamaguti, 1934, appear to be absent from the southern Great Barrier Reef. Previous reports of two other monorchiids from D. labiosum from the GBR, Paramonorcheides pseudocaranxi Dove & Cribb, 1998 and Helicometroides vitellosus (Durio & Manter, 1968), are shown to have been made in error. The high richness of monorchiids and other trematode families in D. labiosum is consistent with that seen in other haemulids elsewhere.     

珀蝽属中国种类记述（半翅目：蝽科）

本文为珀蝽属中国种类的一次修订,共记述５个种和１个亚种,其中包括２个新种（邻珀蝽、黄珀蝽）和１个新亚种（庐山珀蝽云南亚种）。并对与中国区系有关的Ｐ．ｓｐｌｅｎｄｅｎｓ Ｄｉｓｔａｎｔ和Ｐ．ｖｉｒｉｄｉｃｏｌｌｉｓ模式标本作了重新描述。     

Gall midges of the supertribe Stomatosematidi (Diptera,Cecidomyiidae) in the Palaearctic Region,with descriptions of new taxa from the Late Eocene Rovno amber: 1. <Emphasis Type="Italic">Stomatosema,Vanchidiplosis, Clarumreddera</Emphasis> gen. n.

Three recent genera are included in the supertribe Stomatosematidi: Stomatosema (16 species), Vanchidiplosis (4 species), and Didactylomyia (3 species). Seven species of the genus Stomatosema and two species of the genus Vanchidiplosis occur in the Palaearctic Region. No reliable findings of representatives of the supertribe were known in fossilized condition. One new genus and 3 new species are described from amber of the Late Eocene age (Rovno Region): Stomatosema iljieteugeniae sp. n., Clarumreddera korneyevi gen. n. et sp. n., and C. conceptiva sp. n.     

Orectolobicestus n. g. (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea), with the description of five new species and the transfer of Phyllobothrium chiloscyllii to the new genus

ORECTOLOBICESTUS N. G. (CESTODA: Tetraphyllidea) is erected for six cestode species parasitising bamboo sharks (Orectolobiformes: Chiloscyllium). Members of this genus differ from all other phyllobothriid genera in possessing modified maisiform spinitriches on their distal bothridial surfaces. In addition, they are easily recognised in that they share the following unique combination of characters: their vitelline fields are interrupted by the ovary, their necks are scutellate, and their bothridia bear an apical sucker and marginal loculi. Five new species of Orectolobicestus are described, including O. tyleri n. sp. from Chiloscyllium punctatum off Borneo, O. lorettae n. sp. from C. cf. punctatum off Australia, O. mukahensis n. sp. and O. kelleyae n. sp. from C. indicum off Borneo, and O. randyi n.sp. from C. hasselti also from off Borneo. In addition, Phyllobothrium chiloscyllii Subhapradha, 1955 is transferred to the new genus. O. chiloscyllii (Subhapradha, 1955) n. comb. is readily distinguished from all five new species in its greater total length. In addition to a number of proglottid features, O. kelleyae n. sp. and O. randyi n. sp. clearly differ from the other three new species in their possession of trifid, rather than fully serrate, spinitriches on their proximal bothridial surfaces. The latter two species conspicuously differ from one another in total number of proglottids (11-21 vs 27-38). O. tyleri n. sp. generally has fewer proglottids than O. lorrettae n. sp. (7-17 vs 13-23) and, like O. mukahensis n. sp., possesses scutes that are spathate rather than elongate. O. tyleri n. sp. is readily distinguished from O. mukahensis n. sp. in its possession of fewer proglottids (7-17 vs. 19-29). The five new species of Orectolobicestus share derived bothridial microthrix features with Phyllobothrium squali Yamaguti, 1952, Thysanocephalum sp., Orygmatobothrium sp., Ruhnkecestus Caira & Durkin, 2006 and species of Paraorygmatobothrium Ruhnke, 1994. Among these taxa, Orectolobicestus most closely resembles Paraorygmatobothrium and Ruhnkecestus in its vitelline fields being interrupted by the ovary and the possession of a scutellate neck.     

Bartoliella pritchardae n. g., n. sp. (Digenea: Opecoelidae) in Epinephelides armatus (Serranidae) from temperate marine waters of Western Australia

An opecoelid, Bartoliella pritchardae n. g., n. sp., is described from the intestine of Epinephelides armatus from Western Australia. The new genus has been assigned to the subfamily Opecoelininae Gibson & Bray, 1984, bringing the number of genera in the subfamily to two. Although the new genus is similar to Opecoelina Manter, 1934 morphologically, the pedunculate ventral sucker and complete absence of a cirrus-sac necessitate the erection of a new genus. A formal re-definition of the subfamily is given, based on the diagnoses of the genera Opecoelina and Bartoliella n. g.     

Chabaudechina n. g. (Nematoda: Seuratidae), with the description of two new species from dasyurid marsupials from Australia

Chabaudechina presidentei n. g., n. sp. (Seuratidae: Echinonematinae) is described from Sminthopsis virginiae, S. macroura and S. youngsoni (Dasyuridae) from northern Australia. The new genus can be distinguished from all other genera of the Echinonematinae by the morphology and number of rows of cephalic hooks as well as the morphology and arrangement of body hooks and spines. The genus otherwise resembles the echinonematines in spicule morphology and arrangement of cloacal papillae. It resembles Inglechina and Linstowinema in having a triangular mouth opening, no lips and two pairs of double cephalic papillae. C. presidentei differs from C. haycocki n. sp. from Dasycercus cristicauda from central Australia in the number of caudal papillae, the proportions of the alae surrounding the cloaca and the posterior ventral cuticular spination of the male. Chabaudechina sp., found in Planigale spp., could not be identified to species level.     

宽阔水自然保护区的虫草及其相关真菌Ⅰ.

本文报道采自贵州省宽阔水自然保护区的9种虫草,它们是多壳虫草新种(Cordyceps polycarpica Liang & Liu Sp.nov.),鼠尾虫草新种(Cordyceps musicaudata Liang et Liu sp.nov.),针孢虫草(Cordyceps acicularis Rev.ex Berk.),罗伯茨虫草(Cordyceps robertsii(Hook.)Gray),下垂虫草(Cordyceps nutans Pat.),沫蝉虫草(Cordyceps tricentri Yasuda),丝虫草(Cordyceps filiformis Moureau),泽地虫草(Cordyceps paludosa Mains)和球头虫草[Cordyceps sphecocephala(K1.)Sacc.]。     

Endosymbiotic Umagillids (Turbellaria) from Holothurians of the Great Barrier Reef

Seven new species of umagillid turbellarians from the intestine of aspidochirote holothurians of the Great Barrier Reef are described: Cleistogamia heronensis sp.n., C. longicirrus sp.n., C. pulchra sp.n., C. pallii sp.n., C. pyriformis sp.n. and Wahlia stichopi sp.n. as well as Paranotothrix queenslandensis gen.n. sp.n. The new genus is recognized as distinct from Notothrix Hickman, 1955 because the female system lacks a bursal valve, a significant characteristic within the Umagillidae. Examination of this and other characteristics of the family reveal that the division of the family by Stunkard & Corliss in 1950 into the sub-families Collastominae Wahl, 1910, Bicladinae Stunkard & Corliss, 1950 and Umagillinae Wahl, 1910 is supported; further, within the Umagillinae, four subgroups may be recognized: within holothurians are ( i ) the Cleistogamia group with a secondary uterus, within this group Ozametra elegans and O. striata are placed in Seritia gen.n. differing from Ozametra by the presence of both a bursal valve and a cuticular stylet, ( ii ) the Anoplodium group with a single ovary and a muscular (not cuticular) male intromittent organ and ( iii ) the Umagilla group in which Monticellina longitubu becomes a junior synonym of U. forskalensis; within echinoids ( iv ) the Syndesmis group in which Syndisyrinx is recognized a valid genus for those worms with a bursal valve and Syndesmis for those lacking this structure. Marcusella is suppressed. A visual key based upon presumed primitive and derived states is given as is a full host check list of the Umagillidae.     

中国钩瓣叶蜂属Macrophya annulitibia种团二新种及分种检索表（膜翅目：叶蜂科）

记述采自中国四川和西藏钩瓣叶蜂属Macrophya Dahlbom环胫钩瓣叶蜂种团M annulitibia group 2新种:凯文钩瓣叶蜂 Macrophya kaiweni Liu,Li&Wei sp.nov.和拟盛氏钩瓣叶蜂 M.pseudoshengi Liu,Li&Wei sp.nov.;提供了 M.annulitibia group中国已知种类检索表和分布图.     

Sélaciens nouveaux du Crétacé du Texas

Researches undertaken in the Cretaceous of Texas have allowed to collect rich selachian faunas from Albian to Maestrichtian. Some new taxa are described: Microcorax crassus n. gen. n. sp., Pseudocorax granti n. sp., Odontaspis tenuiplicatus n. sp., O. amonensis n. sp., Ptychotrygon mcnultyi n. sp., Ischirhiza texana n. sp.; the genus Pseudohypolophus n. is proposed for the species mcnultyi placed by Thurmond in the genus Hypolophus. Thes faunas reveal to be rather different from the contemporary faunas of Europa.     

Revision of the Genus Askenasia Blochmann, 1895, with Proposal of Two New Species, and Description of Rhabdoaskenasia minima N. G., N. Sp. (Ciliophora, Cyclotrichida)

ABSTRACT. The planktonic ciliate genus Askenasia Blochmann, 1895 is reviewed and the new genus Rhabdoaskenasia n. gen. is established. Askenasia is characterized by three circumferential kinety belts and a circumoral wreath of paired argyrophilic granules without recognizable cilia and nematodesmata. A "brush" is absent. Askenasia apparently lacks the key characters of the Haptorida and is thus transferred to the Cyclotrichida, family Mesodiniidae. Rhabdoaskenasia differs from Askenasia in having single files of basal bodies in all kinety belts and club-shaped extrusomes. It possesses a circumoral kinety composed of dikinetids from which nematodesmata originate, forming a distinct rhabdos. Although very similar to Askenasia in its general appearance, R. minima n. sp. could belong to another order. Based on an extensive review of the literature and on silver impregnated specimens the following Askenasia species are recognized and described in detail: A. volvox (Eichwald, 1852) Kahl, 1930, A. stellaris (Leegaard, 1920) Kahl, 1930, A. acrostomia n. sp., and A. chlorelligera n. sp. Askenasia faurei Kahl, 1930 and A. humilis Gajewskaja, 1928 are transferred to the genus Cyclotrichium: C. faurei (Kahl, 1930) n. comb., C. humilis (Gajewskaja, 1928) n. comb. The systematic position of the genus Askenasia is discussed and keys to the genera of the Mesodiniidae and to the species of Askenasia are provided.     

A Light and Electron Microscopical Investigation of Loricate Choanoflagellates (Choanoflagellida, Acanthoecidae) from the Andaman Sea, SW Thailand and Denmark: Species of Cosmoeca gen. n.

The choanoflagellate genus Cosmoeca gen.n. is characterized by a very regular arrangement of rod-shaped costal strips, forming 9–12 longitudinal costae (each composed of 34 costal strips) and 2–3 transverse costae. Anteriorly the longitudinal costae attach the transverse costae at the joints between neighbouring transverse costal strips. Five species of Cosmoeca are described: norvegica sp.n. (type species; previously referred to as sp. "N"), C. ventricosa sp.n., (C. phuketensis sp.n., C. subulata sp.n. and C. ceratophora sp.n. Cosmoece ventricosa sp.n. is obviously part of from complex, the extent of which has not yet been fully explained. In this paper, three groups of specimens clearly related to C. ventricosa sp.n. are illustrated and briefly described ( C. ventricosa forms A. B, C). Form A appears to be identical to Pleurasiga orculaeformis Schiller, 1925, sensu Leadbeater.     

A key to species of subgenus Lithochlaenius (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Chlaeniini, Chlaenius), with descriptions of three new species

Three new species of genus Chlaenius Bonelli subgenus Lithochlaenius Kryzhanovskij are described from China: Chlaenius chuanqianensis Liu & Liang, sp. n. (type locality: Xishui, Guizhou Province), Chlaenius linwensini Liu & Liang, sp. n. (type locality: Fujian Province), and Chlaenius propeagilis Liu & Kavanaugh, sp. n. (type locality: Gaoligongshan, Yunnan Province). Seven species of the subgenus are redescribed: Chlaenius agiloides Jedli?ka, Chlaenius formosensis Lorenz, Chlaenius agilis Chaudoir, Chlaenius leishanensis Kirschenhofer, Chlaenius noguchii Bates, Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik, and Chlaenius wrasei Kirschenhofer. Additional taxonomic changes include the following: Chlaenius formosanus Jedli?ka is treated as a junior synonym of Chlaenius rambouseki Lutshnik and Chlaenius anchomenoides Bates, syn. n. and Chlaenius nuristanus Jedli?ka as junior synonyms of Chlaenius agilis Chaudoir, syn. n.Chlaenius latroLaFerté-Sénectère is considered a nomen nudum stat. n. and unavailable, leaving Chlaenius agilisChaudoir as the next available name. Chlaenius nuristanusaberration rubridipesJedli?ka is also an unavailable name. Chlaenius formosensisLorenz (=Chlaenius formosanusHabu) is returned to species status stat. n. A key to adults of the 10 known species of subgenus Lithochlaenius is provided.     

Evolutionary history of the complex polymorphic dobsonfly genus Neoneuromus (Megaloptera: Corydalidae)

The dobsonfly genus Neoneuromus van der Weele is endemic to the Oriental region. Species possess highly variable body and wing colouration and markings, not only among species but also among conspecific individuals of certain species. This stark polymorphism hinders accurate species identification, and obscures an undocumented species diversity as well as our understanding of the evolutionary history of this genus. We used multiple methods of molecular identification combined with morphological evidence to delimitate species, circumscribing a total of 13 species in Neoneuromus . Five new species are herein described: Neoneuromus indistinctus Liu, Hayashi & Yang, sp.n. , Neoneuromus maculatus Liu, Hayashi & Yang, sp.n. , Neoneuromus niger Liu, Hayashi & Yang, sp.n. , Neoneuromus similis Liu, Hayashi & Yang, sp.n. and Neoneuromus vanderweelei Liu, Hayashi & Yang, sp.n. The dated phylogeny with reconstructed ancestral areas indicates an initial divergence of Neoneuromus during the mid‐Eocene. A broad area including northeastern India and northern Indochina could be a centre for early divergence of the genus, while complex dispersal and vicariance events dating from the late Eocene to the Pliocene probably shaped the present diversity and distribution of the genus. Our ancestral character state reconstruction suggests that the pale and dark colour forms among different species, or conspecifics, could evolve rapidly and that changes in colouration could be driven by species‐specific mate recognition.