酪酸梭菌活菌片联合 马来酸曲美布汀、谷维素对IBS患者的疗效

目的探讨酪酸梭菌活菌片联合马来酸曲美布汀、谷维素对肠易激综合征患者的临床疗效。方法选择80例肠易激综合征患者,随机分为治疗组(n=40)和对照组(n=40)。治疗组患者采用酪酸梭菌活菌片联合马来酸曲美布汀、谷维素进行治疗,对照组患者采用马来酸曲美布汀和谷维素进行治疗。结果治疗组患者有效率高于对照组,两组疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论酪酸梭菌活菌片联合马来酸曲美布汀、谷维素对肠易激综合征患者疗效显著。     

酪酸梭菌活菌片治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征的临床疗效

目的观察及评估酪酸梭菌活菌片治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征的临床疗效。方法选取腹泻型肠易激综合征患者59例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,对照组患者服用奥替溴铵片,治疗组在对照组基础上加服酪酸梭菌活菌片,用药疗程均为4周,观察患者症状改善情况及治疗的显效率。结果治疗组患者的临床症状腹痛、腹胀、腹部不适、排便不尽感、焦虑等症状明显改善,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组的显效率为100.00%,明显高于对照组的66.67%(P0.05)。结论酪酸梭菌活菌片是治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征的有效方法,效果显著,值得临床推广使用。     

匹维溴胺和双歧三联活菌胶囊联合治疗肠易激综合征

目的 :比较匹维溴胺联合双歧三联活菌胶囊与单剂匹维溴胺治疗肠易激综合征的疗效。方法 :将 84例肠易激综合征病人随机分成两组 ,治疗组 4 4例 ,应用匹维溴胺 5 0mg ,po ,tid加双歧三联活菌胶囊4 2 0mg ,po ,tid。对照组 4 0例 ,应用单剂匹维溴胺 5 0mg,po ,tid ,疗程均为 4w。结果 :治疗组总有效率 98% ,对照组为 80 % (P <0 0 5 ) ,治疗组对缓解腹痛、腹胀、腹泻、便秘、黏液便优于对照组。结论 :匹维溴胺和双歧三联活菌胶囊联合对治疗肠易激综合征更有效。     

复方嗜酸乳杆菌片对肠易激综合征患者的疗效

目的探讨复方嗜酸乳杆菌片对肠易激综合征(IBS)患者的治疗效果。方法根据罗马Ⅲ诊断标准选择患者并进行分组,其中便秘型IBS (C-IBS)治疗组28例,C-IBS对照组28例;腹泻型IBS(D-IBS)治疗组57例,D-IBS对照组57例。C-IBS治疗组患者应用复方嗜酸乳杆菌片联合莫沙必利进行治疗,C-IBS对照组单纯应用莫沙必利治疗。D-IBS治疗组应用复方嗜酸乳杆菌片联合应用匹维溴铵进行治疗,D-IBS对照组单纯应用匹维溴铵治疗。治疗4周后观察各组患者疗效。结果 C-IBS治疗组有效率高于C-IBS对照组(P0.05);D-IBS治疗组有效率高于D-IBS对照组(P0.05)。结论 IBS患者应用复方嗜酸乳杆菌片联合胃肠动力药的治疗效果优于单用胃肠动力药。     

酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征的临床疗效及卫生经济学评价

目的观察酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊(商品名:阿泰宁)治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征(D-IBS)的临床效果,并分析其药物的经济学价值,为寻求经济、有效的治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征的方案提供依据。方法选择240例腹泻型肠易激综合征患者,随机分为A组(酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊治疗组)和B组(奥替溴铵治疗组),A组121例患者给以酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊3粒/次,2次/d,疗程为28d,B组119例患者给以奥替溴铵片,1片/次,3次/d,疗程为28d;观察两种药物治疗28d的治疗效果及3个月复发情况,并计算药物治疗的成本-效果比,分析其经济学价值。结果A组药物使用28d的临床总有效率为99.2%,完全缓解率为97.5%,均明显高于B组(总有效率为87.4%,临床缓解率为58.0%,P0.05);A组药物治疗28d的药物成本效果比314.7,明显低于B组的药物成本效果比720.6,达到单位治疗效果时,A组可以节约用药成本405.9元。结论服用28d的酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊可以明显提高腹泻型肠易激综合征治疗的疗效,具有很好的成本效果比及增量成本效果比。     

酪酸梭菌治疗肠易激综合征疗效的Meta分析

摘要：目的 系统评价酪酸梭菌治疗肠易激综合征（irritable bowel syndrome,IBS）的临床疗效。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、the Cochrane Library、维普、万方、中国知网和中国生物医学文献数据库,收集建库至2019年5月1日前国内外公开发表的关于酪酸梭菌治疗IBS的随机对照试验。由两位研究员独立进行筛选、资料提取及质量评价,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 最终纳入19篇随机对照试验,共2 194例患者。Meta分析结果显示：酪酸梭菌辅助治疗IBS时,联合治疗组的总有效率明显高于对照组（93.4% vs 77.1%,OR=4.32,95% CI 3.09?6.04,P<0.05）;而单用酪酸梭菌治疗IBS疗效并不优于常规药物（78.8% vs 68.9%,OR=2.05,95% CI 0.96?4.38,P=0.06）;且联合用药短期复发率显著降低（14.6% vs 29.2%,OR=0.41,95% CI 0.20?0.85,P=0.02）。纳入的所有研究均无严重不良反应发生。结论 单用酪酸梭菌与常规药物治疗IBS相比,酪酸梭菌并未显示出更好的疗效。而采用口服酪酸梭菌辅助治疗IBS可显著提高患者的临床疗效、降低复发率,且安全性好。     

西甲硅油联合枯草杆菌肠球菌对肠易激综合征的疗效观察

目的:探讨西甲硅油乳剂联合枯草杆菌肠球菌二联活菌肠溶胶囊(美常安)在肠易激综合征(IBS)治疗中的临床效果。方法:将2014年1月至2015年10月收治的180例IBS患者随机分为西甲硅油乳剂联合枯草杆菌肠球菌二联活菌治疗组92例和单药枯草杆菌肠球菌二联活菌治疗对照组88例,治疗4周后随访观察两组患者的治疗总有效率、不同胃肠症状的治疗有效率,以及不同型IBS患者的胃肠症状评分。结果:IBS治疗组的治疗总有效率为88.0%,明显高于对照组70.5%(P0.05)。治疗4周后腹胀和排便次数改善的有效率分别为94.6%和78.3%明显高于对照组的77.3%和60.2%(P0.05),但两组在腹痛和排便性状改善方面比较无明显差异(P0.05)。对两组不同胃肠症状评分结果:显示同组同型IBS治疗4周后胃肠症状评分均明显低于治疗前(P0.05)治疗有效。但两组同型IBS患者的治疗后胃肠症状评分比较时,仅在便秘型IBS患者差异明显(P0.05)。结论:西甲硅油乳剂联合枯草杆菌二联活菌肠溶胶囊对肠易激综合征(IBS)患者治疗有效,对缓解腹胀和改善排便次数上治疗效果尤为明显,对IBS便秘型患者的胃肠症状恢复疗效最佳。     

围术期微生态制剂对电切肠息肉患者肠黏膜再生修复的作用

目的探讨围术期给予微生态制剂酪酸梭菌活菌片对电切肠息肉患者肠黏膜再生修复的影响。方法选择我院2017年1月至2019年6月期间收治的104例择期电切手术的肠息肉患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组和研究组,各52例。两组患者均给予围术期常规治疗,研究组在此基础上于术前2 d至术后4周给予酪酸梭菌活菌片。采用乳果糖/甘露醇(LAC/MAN)吸收试验评价患者肠黏膜功能,复查电子结肠镜评价肠黏膜修复率和肠黏膜评分。结果研究组患者术后肠黏膜修复情况优于对照组,肠黏膜评分低于对照组,组间差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。术前两组患者LAC、MAN和LAC/MAN比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),术后研究组患者LAC和LAC/MAN显著低于对照组(P0.05)。术前两组患者D-乳酸、DAO、ET和PCT水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),术后研究组患者D-乳酸、DAO、ET和PCT水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论围术期给予电切肠息肉患者微生态制剂酪酸梭菌活菌片可降低肠黏膜通透性,促进肠黏膜的再生和修复。     

酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊对胆道结石患者术后肠功能紊乱的治疗作用

目的观察酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊(商品名:阿泰宁)对胆道结石患者术后肠功能紊乱的疗效及对术后消化吸收功能的改善作用。方法选取40例行胆总管切开探查术且术后出现腹泻、腹胀、消化不良等肠功能紊乱的胆总管结石患者。随机分为观察组和对照组,每组20例。两组患者均予以生理盐水补液、止泻药止泻和低脂饮食等常规治疗,观察组患者加服酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊,3粒/次,2次/d,连用28d。观察两组患者用药后的临床疗效及不良反应。结果观察组患者临床总有效率(100.0%)显著高于对照组(80.0%)(P0.05);腹泻和腹胀的时间显著短于对照组(P0.01);同时治疗后观察组患者总胆固醇、甘油三酯、球蛋白水平显著高于对照组(P0.05),电解质紊乱发生率低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗期间所有患者未见不良反应。结论酪酸梭菌活菌胶囊治疗胆道结石患者术后肠功能紊乱疗效显著,能够显著改善患者对脂质的消化吸收能力,对患者术后消化吸收功能的改善具有积极的作用,值得临床推广应用。     

健脾安肠汤联合匹维溴胺治疗肠易激综合征的临床疗效及对血清5-HT、CGRP、SP、VIP水平的影响

目的:探讨健脾安肠汤联合匹维溴胺治疗肠易激综合征的临床疗效及对血清5-羟色胺(5-HT)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)、结肠黏膜P物质(SP)、血管活性肠态(VIP)水平的影响。方法:选择2017年1月至2017年12月本院接诊的98例肠易激综合征患者作为研究对象,按随机数表法分为观察组(n=45)和对照组(n=53),对照组单纯采用匹维溴胺进行治疗,观察组在此基础上联合健脾安肠汤进行治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效及治疗前后胃肠症状改善情况、血清5-HT、CGRP、SP、VIP水平、炎性因子水平、焦虑(SAS)、抑郁(SDS)评分的变化。结果:治疗后,观察组总有效率(93.33%)心脏高于对照组(71.70%,P0.05);观察组患者恶心呕吐、腹痛腹泻、排便次数及大便性质症状评分,血清5-HT、CGRP、SP、VIP、IL-8、IL-6水平、焦虑及抑郁评分均明显低于对照组(均P0.05),而血清IL-10水平显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:健脾安肠汤联合匹维溴胺治疗肠易激综合征的临床效果显著优于单纯采用匹维溴胺治疗,可有效调节机体胃肠激素分泌和临床症状,提高患者患者生活质量。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.