结核分枝杆菌H37Ra株HspX蛋白的表达条件优化、纯化和鉴定

以结核分枝杆菌H37Ra菌株基因组DNA为模板,利用PCR技术扩增获得HspX基因,通过DNA无缝克隆技术将其克隆至pET28a质粒中,构建重组表达质粒pET28a-HspX。将pET28a-HspX转化至大肠埃希菌表达菌株BL21(DE3),采用不同温度、IPTG浓度和时间诱导HspX蛋白表达。使用Ni-IDA亲和层析柱纯化目的HspX蛋白,透析去除咪唑,通过Western blot检测HspX抗原特异性。最终确定表达重组蛋白HspX的最佳诱导条件为：诱导温度37℃、IPTG浓度0.2 mmol/L、诱导时间8 h。结果表明,获得了高纯度和被特异性识别的可溶性Hsp X蛋白,为未来Hsp X蛋白用于结核病诊断试剂和疫苗奠定基础。     

炭疽芽胞杆菌A16R株FtsE蛋白的可溶性表达和纯化

目的:构建炭疽芽胞杆菌FtsE蛋白的原核表达载体,实现其在原核表达系统中的可溶性表达,并纯化融合蛋白。方法:用PCR方法从炭疽芽胞杆菌A16R株扩增得到ftsE基因片段,酶切后连接到pET28a原核表达载体,构建重组表达质粒pET28a-ftsE,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)菌株,筛选可溶性诱导表达与纯化融合蛋白的条件,以获得高纯度融合蛋白。结果:构建了FtsE蛋白的融合表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达;在20℃下,经0.1 mmol/L IPTG诱导3 h表达的产物主要是可溶性蛋白,经Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化获得了高纯度的FtsE融合蛋白,经Western印迹检测,目的蛋白表达正确。结论:实现了炭疽芽胞杆菌FtsE蛋白原核表达系统的可溶性表达并获得了高纯度融合蛋白,为后续研究奠定了基础。     

Pfu酶原核的高效表达及其活性分析

目的:在大肠杆菌中高效表达重组Pfu酶.方法:将pfu基因构建于载体pET28a上,重组质粒pET28a-pfu转化DH5α,获得了含pET28a-pfu重组表达菌株.在重组菌株OD600为0.2时,经终浓度为1 mmol/L的IPTG诱导表达10～12 h后,菌体超声波破壁后,80℃条件下热变性30 min去除部分杂蛋白;粗酶液再经Ni离子亲和层析进一步纯化.结果:获得了高纯度的重组Pfu酶,利用该酶成功扩增出目的基因片段.结论:纯化的Pfu酶具有较高的活性,比活性为62 500 U/mg,该研究表达的重组酶完全可以替代商用Pfu酶.     

重组酶Exo、Beta和Gam在大肠杆菌中的表达与纯化

目的:构建exo、beta和gam基因的原核表达质粒,在大肠杆菌中表达、制备重组酶Exo、Beta和Gam。方法:将exo、beta和gam基因分别构建在原核表达载体pEGKG和pET28a上,分别转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)和DH5α,经IPTG诱导后,在大肠杆菌中获得可溶性表达蛋白,用柱层析方法纯化蛋白。结果:构建了原核表达质粒pET28a-exo、pET28a-beta、pET28a-gam和pEGKG-exo、pEGKG-beta、pEGKG-gam;SDS-PAGE结果表明重组酶融合蛋白His-Exo、GST-Exo、His-Beta、GST-Beta、His-Gam、GST-Gam得到可溶性表达;用His标签抗体和GST标签抗体通过Western印迹方法检测到纯化后的融合蛋白。结论:在大肠杆菌中诱导表达了λ噬菌体重组酶,并纯化获得了一定量的纯度较好的蛋白,为下一步制备检测用多克隆抗体奠定了基础。     

炭疽芽胞杆菌A16R株FtsE蛋白的可溶性表达和纯化简

目的：构建炭疽芽胞杆菌FtsE蛋白的原核表达载体,实现其在原核表达系统中的可溶性表达,并纯化融合蛋白。方法：用PCR方法从炭疽芽胞杆菌A16R株扩增得到厅sE基因片段,酶切后连接到pET28a原核表达载体,构建重组表达质粒pET28a-ftsE,转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）菌株,筛选可溶性诱导表达与纯化融合蛋白的条件,以获得高纯度融合蛋白。结果：构建了FtsE蛋白的融合表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达;在20℃下,经0．1mmol/LIPTG诱导3h表达的产物主要是可溶性蛋白,经Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化获得了高纯度的FtsE融合蛋白,经Western印迹检测,目的蛋白表达正确。结论：实现了炭疽芽胞杆菌FtsE蛋白原核表达系统的可溶性表达并获得了高纯度融合蛋白,为后续研究奠定了基础。     

植物乳杆菌JPP2胆盐水解酶相关基因克隆和表达

通过PCR方法从植物乳杆菌JPP2中扩增出胆盐水解酶（BSH）相关基因bsh3,利用中间克隆载体pMD19-T将其构建于表达载体pET-28b上,并转化入表达宿主菌E．coli BL21（DE3）,成功构建重组BSH的工程菌。核苷酸及推导的氨基酸序列分析表明,正确克隆出目的基因。诱导表达后,SDS-PAGE电泳结果显示出特异性蛋白质条带,其分子量约为38kDa。此单克隆体系的构建为进一步研究BSH的功能奠定基础。     

短乳杆菌DM9218肌苷水解酶基因的异源表达及活性检测

目的探讨短乳杆菌DM9218肌苷水解酶基因A0008的异源表达及其对肌苷的分解活性检测。方法克隆来源于短乳杆菌DM9218基因组的肌苷水解酶基因A0008,构建原核表达载体,转入大肠埃希菌BL21诱导重组蛋白表达并纯化,进行体外酶活检测。结果成功构建了肌苷水解酶A0008-pET28a原核表达载体,表达并纯化出重组蛋白,酶活结果显示该重组蛋白具有水解肌苷的能力。结论短乳杆菌DM9218基因A0008可能编码肌苷水解酶并参与DM9218对肌苷的分解。     

Cloning and expression of bile salt hydrolase gene from Lactobacillus plantarum JPP2

通过PCR方法从植物乳杆菌JPP2中扩增出胆盐水解酶(BSH)相关基因bsh3,利用中间克隆载体pMD19-T将其构建于表达载体pET-28b上,并转化入表达宿主菌E.coli BL21 (DE3),成功构建重组BSH的工程菌.核苷酸及推导的氨基酸序列分析表明,正确克隆出目的基因.诱导表达后,SDS-PAGE电泳结果显示出特异性蛋白质条带,其分子量约为38 kDa.此单克隆体系的构建为进一步研究BSH的功能奠定基础.     

结核分枝杆菌Rv0859基因的克隆、表达、纯化及蛋白的亚细胞定位

本研究体外克隆了结核分枝杆菌Rv0859基因, 融合表达并纯化了Rv0859蛋白。首先提取H37Rv标准菌株中的基因组DNA, 设计Rv0859基因两端的引物, 以H37Rv基因组DNA为模板通过PCR方法扩增Rv0859基因。用Hind III和BamHⅠ两种限制性内切酶双切Rv0859基因, T4连接酶连接到pET30载体上, 再转入大肠杆菌JF1125中, 经过筛选鉴定后抽提质粒测序, 得到重组正确载体, 转化到表达宿主大肠杆菌BL21中。用IPTG进行诱导表达, 通过聚丙酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)及质谱鉴定重组表达蛋白。0.05 mol/L浓度的IPTG 37°C诱导4 h重组蛋白的表达量最高。制备重组蛋白的多克隆抗体, 通过亚细胞分离及Western-blotting分析蛋白的亚细胞定位。结果成功地构建原核表达载体pET30a-Rv0859, 并获得47845 D左右的大量表达的Rv0859蛋白, Western-blotting结果表明Rv0859蛋白主要定位于细胞膜中, 微量存在于细胞壁中, 为进一步的Rv0859蛋白功能研究奠定了一定的基础。     

一种来源于克劳氏芽孢杆菌的高碱性尿酸氧化酶的异源表达及重组酶性质分析

以碱性蛋白酶生产菌克劳氏芽孢杆菌(Bacillus clausii)基因组DNA为模板PCR扩增获得尿酸氧化酶基因(BcU),插入原核表达载体pET28α中,构建表达载体pET-BcU,并转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)获得重组大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)/pET-BcU。经IPTG诱导,重组菌BL21(DE3)/pET-BcU表达出有活性的尿酸氧化酶,含空质粒的重组菌在同样条件下没有酶活。酶学性质分析显示,重组酶最适pH值为9.0,在pH值9.0～11范围内酶活几乎不变,是一种高碱性尿酸氧化酶。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism