布拉酵母对服用抗血小板药物老年幽门螺杆菌阳性患者肠道菌群及消化道出血的影响CSCD

目的评价布拉酵母(Saccharomyces boulardii,S.boulardii)联合四联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)对服用阿司匹林老年患者的影响,并从免疫炎症及肠道菌群的角度,探讨S.boulardii治疗H.pylori感染的机制。方法选择180例年龄60~75岁且服用阿司匹林的H.pylori阳性患者,随机分为两组,其中四联组应用铋剂四联疗法,S.boulardii组在铋剂四联疗法基础上加用S.boulardii。观察两组患者H.pylori根除率、血清白细胞介素(IL)-8和IL-17水平、临床疗效评分、不良反应、肠道菌群变化。随访12个月,观察H.pylori根除成功者和H.pylori根除失败者消化道出血情况。结果(1)四联组和S.boulardii组患者H.pylori根除率按方案(PP)分析分别为85.4%、86.7%(χ^(2)=0.066,P=0.826),按意向性(ITT)分析分别为77.8%、80.0%(χ^(2)=0.133,P=0.855),差异无统计学意义。(2)S.boulardii组患者不良反应发生率低于四联组(χ^(2)=1.925,P=0.009)。(3)治疗后,两组患者血清IL-8、IL-17水平,临床症状评分均低于治疗前,且S.boulardii组低于四联组(均P<0.05)。(4)治疗后,四联组患者肠道内乳杆菌数量、双歧杆菌数量、双歧杆菌/肠杆菌值(B/E值)较治疗前降低,而S.boulardii组较治疗前增加(均P<0.05);四联组患者肠道内肠杆菌、肠球菌数量较治疗前增加(均P<0.05),而S.boulardii组较治疗前无显著变化(均P>0.05)。(5)随访12个月,H.pylori根除成功患者消化道出血发生率低于H.pylori根除失败者(χ^(2)=3.825,P<0.001)。结论S.boulardii联合四联疗法不能提高服用抗血小板药物老年患者的H.pylori根除率,但可改善患者临床症状,降低不良反应,其机制可能与S.boulardii改善肠道菌群,减轻免疫炎症反应有关。此外,成功根除H.pylori可有效降低服用抗血小板药物老年患者消化道出血的风险。     

凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片联合三联方根除幽门螺杆菌的临床研究

目的 观察和评价凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片(商品名:爽舒宝)联合三联方根除幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pyori,H.pylori)的疗效.方法 将90例Hpylori感染患者随机分为治疗Ⅰ组、治疗Ⅱ组和对照组,每组30例.治疗I组:常规三联方根除治疗1周的同时,口服凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片(商品名:爽舒宝),根除治疗结束后,继续服用爽舒宝1周.治疗Ⅱ组:常规根除治疗1周的同时,口服爽舒宝,根除治疗结束,继续服用爽舒宝3周.对照组:常规根除治疗1周,不用任何微生态制剂.观察记录三联方根除治疗期间和治疗结束后4周内发生的任何不良反应.结果 治疗Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组H.pylori检测值均显著低于对照组,H.pylori根除率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).治疗Ⅱ组H.pylori检测值低于治疗Ⅰ组,H.pylori根除率高于治疗Ⅰ组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).三联方根除治疗中,治疗Ⅱ组和治疗Ⅰ组不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),治疗Ⅱ组和治疗Ⅰ组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).三联方根除治疗结束后4周内,治疗Ⅱ组不良反应发生率最低,其次是治疗Ⅰ组,对照组不良反应发生率最高,三组之间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 爽舒宝联合三联方根除H.pylori,能够提高H.pylori根除率,减少治疗过程中不良反应的发生.根除治疗结束后再服用3周的益生菌,能彻底恢复肠道菌群平衡,减少三联方根除治疗结束后不良反应的发生,值得临床推广.     

不同干预时机下复方嗜酸乳杆菌片联合四联疗法在根除幽门螺杆菌失败补救治疗中的应用

目的探讨不同干预时机下复方嗜酸乳杆菌片联合四联疗法在首次根除幽门螺杆菌(H. pylori)失败患者补救治疗中的作用。方法选择西安市第一医院消化内科90例经标准四联疗法根除H. pylori失败的患者为研究对象,随机分为研究组A(A组)、研究组B(B组)与对照组(C组),各30例。A组患者使用复方嗜酸乳杆菌片联合补救四联疗法治疗。B组患者在补救四联疗法结束后序贯使用复方嗜酸乳杆菌片2周。C组患者单独采用补救四联疗法治疗。比较3组患者临床症状、不良反应发生率及H. pylori根除率。结果A组、B组、C组患者总有效率分别为93.33%(28/30),90.00%(27/30),66.67%(20/30),差异有统计学意义(χ²=9.120,P=0.010)。A组、B组、C组患者总不良反应发生率分别为13.33%(4/30)、16.67%(5/30)、66.67%(20/30),差异有统计学意义(χ²=24.522,P<0.001)。A组、B组、C组患者H. pylori根除率分别为60.00%(18/30)、63.33%(19/30)、33.33%(10/30),差异有统计学意义(χ² =6.502,P=0.039)。A组与B组患者H. pylori根除率相比差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.071,P=0.791)。结论复方嗜酸乳杆菌片联合四联疗法可提高首次四联疗法根除H. pylori失败患者H. pylori根除率,改善患者临床症状,降低总体不良反应发生率,但不同干预时机下复方嗜酸乳杆菌片对H. pylori根除率无明显影响。     

枳术宽中胶囊联合益生菌对老年幽门螺杆菌阳性慢性萎缩性胃炎患者的疗效

目的 探讨枳术宽中胶囊联合益生菌对老年幽门螺杆菌（H. pylori）阳性慢性萎缩性胃炎（chronic atrophic gastritis,CAG）患者的临床疗效。方法 将80例H. pylori阳性的老年慢性萎缩性胃炎患者随机分为2组,各40例。其中对照组患者给予包含雷贝拉唑、阿莫西林、克拉霉素和胶体果胶铋的标准四联疗法治疗。观察组患者将四联疗法中的胶体果胶铋替代为枳术宽中胶囊,并在此基础上加用益生菌。7天为1个疗程,全部患者治疗2个疗程。停药1个月后比较两组患者治疗前后临床症状缓解率、H. pylori根除率、不良反应发生率等情况。结果 治疗后两组患者病情均有所改善,但与对照组相比,观察组患者的症状缓解率及H. pylori根除率较高,不良反应发生率较低,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 枳术宽中胶囊联合益生菌可明显缓解老年CAG患者的临床症状,提高幽门螺杆菌的根除率,同时减轻患者不良反应发生率,对临床治疗CAG具有指导性意义。     

复方嗜酸乳杆菌片联合三联方案根除幽门螺杆菌的临床研究

目的探讨复方嗜酸乳杆菌片联合三联方案根除幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)的疗效及不良反应。方法将143例H.pylori检测阳性的患者随机分为A1组(48例)、A2组(46例)和B组(49例)。B组给予三联方案(埃索美拉唑、阿莫西林、克拉霉素)根除H.pylori治疗,疗程10d。A1组、A2组分别在上述三联方案的基础上同时加用10d、20d的复方嗜酸乳杆菌片。治疗过程中观察并记录上述三组的不良反应发生情况,停药4周后查13 C呼气试验判别H.pylori根除是否成功。结果共133例患者完成治疗和随访,A1组、A2组、B组根除率按方案(PP)分析分别为65.9%、69.8%、63.0%,按意向性(ITT)分析分别为60.4%、65.2%、59.2%,无论按方案分析还是意向性分析三组根除率差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。纳入三组的共143例患者均完成不良反应的随访,A1组、A2组、B组不良反应发生率分别为10.4%、8.7%、30.6%,三组相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05),其中A1组、A2组分别与B组相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05),A1组与A2组相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论三联方案加用10d、20d的复方嗜酸乳杆菌片未能提高H.pylori根除率,但可降低不良反应发生率。     

四逆汤加减联合复方嗜酸乳杆菌对幽门螺杆菌阳性十二指肠球部溃疡患者的作用

目的探讨四逆汤加减联合复方嗜酸乳杆菌对幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)阳性十二指肠球部溃疡(DU)患者H.pylori根除率及相关指标的影响。方法选取2017年9月至2019年5月我院收治的144例H.pylori阳性DU患者,随机分为对照组(n=72)和观察组(n=72)。两组患者均给予标准四联疗法治疗,对照组患者给予复方嗜酸乳杆菌,观察组患者在对照组基础上给予四逆汤加减。统计两组患者疗效、H.pylori根除率、不良反应情况,同时对比两组患者治疗前后中医证候积分、肠黏膜功能[甘露醇(MAN)、乳果糖(LAC)、L/M]、Toll样受体5(TLR5)、干扰素γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平,并于治疗后6个月随访两组患者复发率。结果 (1)观察组患者治疗总有效率(94.44%)、H.pylori根除率(91.67%)均高于对照组(79.17%,77.78%)(均P0.05)。(2)治疗后观察组患者舌象、泛吐清水、胃痛评分均低于对照组(均P0.05)。(3)治疗后观察组患者MAN、LAC、L/M比值、TLR5、IFN-γ、IL-6水平均低于对照组(均P0.05)。(4)观察组患者不良反应发生率(5.56%)及随访6个月复发率(4.29%)与对照组(8.33%,5.80%)比较差异无统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论四逆汤加减联合复方嗜酸乳杆菌治疗H.pylori阳性DU患者的疗效确切,能有效提高H.pylori根除率,减轻患者临床症状,改善患者肠黏膜功能,降低炎症反应,安全性较高。     

不同疗程布拉酵母菌在根除幽门螺杆菌中的疗效分析

目的探讨不同疗程标准三联疗法复合布拉酵母菌对根除幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)疗效的影响及其对治疗中不良反应的改善情况进行系统评价。方法 H.pylori阳性的慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡患者240例,随机分为对照组、短疗程组、中疗程组、长疗程组,每组60例。对照组给予克拉霉素、阿莫西林、潘托拉唑三联治疗14 d,短疗程组、中疗程组、长疗程组在上述标准三联、14 d疗法开始治疗的同时分别加用布拉酵母菌,分别服用2、3、4周,在完成根除H.pylori治疗后第5周进行14C-UBT复查,比较各组H.pylori根除率、药物不良反应发生率,试验结果阴性患者在治疗结束后第3、6、9、12个月复查14C-尿素呼气试验。结果 213按试验设计完成治疗,194例患者按试验设计完成随访。短疗程组H.pylori根除率(73.5%)与对照组(65.9%)比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),中疗程组(91.4%)、长疗程组(93.1%)根除率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),中疗程组根除率略低于长疗程组,但差异无统计学意义。各疗程组不良反应发生率均较对照组显著降低(P0.05),但组间比较差异无统计学意义;4组方案中以中等剂量成本-效果比最低(6.56),对照组最高(7.59);各疗程组累积复发率均低于对照组低(P0.05,P0.01,P0.01),各疗程组累积复发率比较差异无统计学意义。结论联用布拉酵母菌能显著提高H.pylori根除率,降低其不良反应,3周疗程为最佳选择治疗周期。数字与后文不符。     

微生态制剂联合四联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌的疗效

目的研究微生态制剂联合四联疗法根除幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)的疗效和患者不良反应发生率。方法选择150例于我院住院并诊断为慢性胃炎且~(14)C呼气试验阳性的患者为研究对象,依据根除H.pylori方案的不同分为A组、B组和C组。A组患者给予泮托拉唑钠肠溶胶囊联合丽珠维三联。B组患者在A组的基础上加用双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片。C组患者在B组的治疗基础上加用乳果糖口服液。分析3组患者H.pylori根除率、不良反应发生率的差异。结果治疗结束后A组患者H.pylori根除率为70.95%,B组为88.00%,C组为89.47%。B组和C组患者的根除率均高于A组(均P0.05),但B组和C组的根除率比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.047,P=0.829)。A组患者不良反应发生率为22.58%,B组为8.00%,C组为10.53%。B组患者不良反应发生率显著低于A组(χ~2=4.362,P=0.037),但B组与C组比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.167,P=0.683)。结论微生态制剂联合四联疗法能显著提升患者H.pylori的根除率,患者不良反应较少,但益生菌+益生元联合四联疗法与单纯益生菌联合四联疗法相比,未能体现出优势。     

益生菌联合铋剂四联疗法对不同分型幽门螺杆菌根除率的影响CSCD

目的 探讨益生菌联合铋剂四联疗法对不同分型幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H. pylori)根除率以及患者肠道菌群的影响,为相关治疗提供参考。方法 收集2021年12月至2022年6月因上腹部不适就诊于湖北医药学院附属随州医院消化内科门诊,证实为H. pylori感染的91例患者作为研究对象。完善胃镜、血清抗体分型检测,采集患者治疗前及治疗后粪便标本进行肠杆菌、肠球菌、双歧杆菌及乳杆菌等优势菌群的培养。根据血清抗体分型结果将患者分为H. pylori Ⅰ型组(54例)和H. pylori Ⅱ型组(37例)。H. pylori Ⅰ型组患者随机分为试验组与对照组,各27例;H. pylori Ⅱ型组患者随机分为试验组(19例)与对照组(18例)。全部对照组患者给予泮托拉唑钠肠溶胶囊、克拉霉素胶囊、阿莫西林胶囊及枸橼酸铋钾胶囊口服,疗程14 d;全部试验组患者在对照组基础上联合服用双歧杆菌三联活菌肠溶胶囊,疗程14 d。治疗结束停药4周后行14C呼气试验,结果为阴性则判定为H. pylori根除成功。比较不同分型H. pylori根除率以及感染者肠道菌群的改变。结果 H. pylori Ⅰ型感染者中试验组患者根除率显著高于对照组(100.0%vs85.2%,P<0.05)。H. pylori Ⅱ型感染者中试验组与对照组根除率比较差异无统计学意义(84.2%vs 55.6%,P> 0.05)。治疗前,H. pylori Ⅰ型组患者肠道双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、肠杆菌及肠球菌的数量均显著高于H. pylori Ⅱ型组(均P<0.05)。治疗后,H. pylori Ⅰ型和H. pylori Ⅱ型试验组中上述菌群均高于治疗前(均P<0.05)。H. pylori Ⅰ型对照组患者治疗后肠道双歧杆菌、乳杆菌及肠球菌数量低于同组治疗前,大肠埃希菌数量高于同组治疗前(均P<0.05)。治疗后,H. pylori Ⅱ型对照组患者肠道双歧杆菌数量低于同组治疗前,乳杆菌、大肠埃希菌、肠球菌数量均高于同组治疗前(均P<0.05)。治疗后,试验组中H. pylori Ⅰ型感染者肠道双歧杆菌、乳杆菌、大肠埃希菌、肠球菌数量均高于H. pylori Ⅱ型感染者(均P<0.05);对照组中H. pylori Ⅰ型感染者肠道双歧杆菌、乳杆菌及大肠埃希菌数量均高于H. pylori Ⅱ型感染者,肠球菌数量低于H. pylori Ⅱ型感染者(均P<0.05)。治疗后,H. pylori Ⅰ型组和H. pylori Ⅱ型组中试验组患者上述菌群均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论 在治疗H. pylori Ⅰ型感染者时添加益生菌不仅能提高H. pylori的根除率,而且有利于患者肠道菌群的恢复。在无严重胃部疾病时,对于H. pylori Ⅱ型感染者,选择定期随访有利于患者康复,若合并严重胃部疾病时可添加益生菌,虽不能提高H. pylori根除率但有利于调节肠道菌群,促使肠道微生态恢复平衡。     

益生菌辅助埃索美拉唑镁四联疗法对幽门螺杆菌阳性十二指肠溃疡患者肠道菌群分布及血清IFN\|γ、IL\|10的调节作用

目的 探讨益生菌辅助埃索美拉唑镁四联疗法在幽门螺杆菌(H. pylori)阳性十二指肠溃疡中的应用价值。 方法 按照随机数字表将我院116例H. pylori阳性十二指肠溃疡患者(2017年12月至2019年2月收治)分为观察组与对照组,各58例。对照组患者给予常规埃索美拉唑镁四联疗法治疗,观察组患者于对照组基础上联合益生菌(双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊)辅助治疗,两组患者均治疗4周。对比两组患者临床疗效、治疗前后肠道菌群(双歧杆菌、乳杆菌)数量及血清免疫炎症介质[干扰素\|γ(IFN\|γ)、白细胞介素\|10(IL\|10)]水平、H. pylori根除率及治疗安全性。 结果 (1)观察组患者治疗有效率为93.10%(54/58),显著高于对照组的79.31%(46/58)。(2)治疗后两组患者肠道双歧杆菌、乳杆菌数量较治疗前增加,且观察组高于对照组(均P2=0.077,P=0.782)。 结论 益生菌辅助埃索美拉唑镁四联疗法治疗H. pylori阳性十二指肠溃疡患者效果确切,有利于提高H. pylori根除率,其机制可能与其能改善肠道菌群分布、下调血清免疫炎症介质表达有关。     

功能性消化不良患儿Hp 治疗前后的症状及胃排空变化的超声观察

目的:探讨功能性消化不良患儿(Functional Dyspepsia,FD)幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacterpylori,Hp)治疗前后的症状及胃排空变化的超声观察。方法:选择我院6~10岁FD小儿患者70例为FD组,将其中28例Hp阴性者作为Hp阴性组,其余42例Hp阳性者作为治疗组。选取健康小儿72例作为对照组。超声测量入选者服用试餐即刻、20、40、60、90 min的近端、远端胃区面积,计算胃半排空时间。结果:FD组患儿上腹疼痛、上腹烧灼感、腹胀、恶心、嗳气和早饱症状的发生率均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);FD组近端、远端、全胃的半排空时间均较对照组慢,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。腹胀、嗳气和早饱是远端胃半排空延迟的危险因素(OR1,P0.05);腹胀和上腹疼痛是全胃半排空延迟的危险因素(OR1,P0.05)。Hp阴性组、Hp治疗组近端、远端、全胃半排空时间较常规治疗组短,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);Hp治疗组与Hp阴性组之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:FD患儿的胃排空有所延迟,对Hp感染患儿进行Hp根治有助于消化不良症状的改善,在临床工作中可合理选择应用。     

Helicobacter pylori and Nonmalignant Diseases

The incidence of peptic ulcer disease has declined over the last few decades, particularly in Western populations, most likely as a result of the decrease in Helicobacter pylori infection and the widespread use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) in patients with dyspepsia. The hospital admission rate for uncomplicated duodenal and gastric ulcers has significantly decreased worldwide. In contrast, admissions for complicated ulcer disease, such as bleeding peptic ulcers and perforation, remained relatively stable. Prophylactic H.?pylori eradication was found to be associated with a reduced risk of both gastric and duodenal ulcers and their complications, including bleeding in chronic users of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The recent Helicobacter Eradication Relief of Dyspeptic Symptoms trial presented important data relating to symptoms and quality of life of H.?pylori-positive patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) and also demonstrated significant benefits from eradication compared with the control group. The new Asian consensus report on FD recommended that dyspepsia accompanied by H.?pylori infection should be considered a separate disease entity from FD and that H.?pylori infection should be eradicated before diagnosing FD. The association of H.?pylori with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is still controversial. Treatment for H.?pylori does not seem to increase GERD symptoms or reflux esophagitis. However, documented eradication of H.?pylori appears to significantly improve GERD symptoms. Additional long-term intervention studies are needed to provide more information on which to base clinical decisions.     

牙周干预联合常规四联药物治疗对口腔及胃幽门螺杆菌根除效果的临床研究

探讨牙周干预联合常规四联药物对口腔及胃部幽门螺杆菌根除的效果, 为该类患者的治疗提供参考。

选择胃部H.pylori阳性转诊口腔科进行牙周健康状况及口腔H.pylori检查的患者140例, 随机分为观察组和对照组各70例。对照组患者采用常规四联药物治疗, 观察组在对照组的用药基础上给予牙周干预治疗。对比两组患者治疗前及停药1个月、6个月及12个月后的牙周临床指数和胃肠道症状; 记录并比较两组患者停药1个月、6个月及12个月后口腔H.pylori根除率和胃H.pylori根除率, 评估两组患者治疗不良反应。

停药1个月、6个月及12个月后, 两组患者牙周临床指数中GI、SBI、PD及CAL值和胃肠道症状评分(腹痛腹胀、恶心呕吐、反酸嗳气)较治疗前显著降低, 同时观察组患者均显著低于对照组(均P < 0.05)。观察组患者停药6个月及12个月后口腔H.pylori根除率和胃H.pylori根除率均显著高于对照组(81.43%vs 60.00%, 71.43%vs 48.57%, 75.71%vs 51.43%, 68.57%vs 41.43%;χ²=7.761、7.619、8.914、10.418, 均P < 0.05)。观察组和对照组患者的不良反应总发生率对比差异无统计学意义(4.29%vs 2.86%, P > 0.05)。

牙周干预联合常规四联药物能显著改善胃部H.pylori感染患者的牙周组织健康状况, 减轻其胃肠道症状, 并能有效降低其口腔H.pylori根除率和胃H.pylori根除率, 安全性良好。

     

Indications for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: a systematic overview.

OBJECTIVE: To determine (a) the advantages and disadvantages of treatment options for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori and (b) whether eradication of H. pylori is indicated in patients with duodenal ulcer, nonucler dyspepsia and gastric cancer. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search for articles published in English between January 1983 and December 1992 with the use of MeSH terms Helicobacter pylori (called Campylobacter pylori before 1990) and duodenal ulcer, gastric cancer, dyspepsia and clinical trial. Six journals and Current Contents were searched manually for pertinent articles published in that time frame. STUDY SELECTION: For duodenal ulcer the search was limited to studies involving adults, studies of H. pylori eradication and randomized clinical trials comparing anti-H. pylori therapy with conventional ulcer treatment. For nonulcer dyspepsia with H. pylori infection the search was limited to placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials. DATA EXTRACTION: The quality of each study was rated independently on a four-point scale by each author. For the studies of duodenal ulcer the outcome measures assessed were acute ulcer healing and time required for healing, H. pylori eradication and ulcer relapse. For the studies of nonulcer dyspepsia with H. pylori infection the authors assessed H. pylori eradication, the symptoms used as outcome measures and whether validated outcome measures had been used. DATA SYNTHESIS: Eight trials involving duodenal ulcer met our inclusion criteria: five were considered high quality, two were of reasonable quality, and one was weak. Six trials involving nonulcer dyspepsia met the criteria, but all were rated as weak. Among treatment options triple therapy with a bismuth compound, metronidazole and either amoxicillin or tetracycline achieved the highest eradication rates (73% to 94%). Results concerning treatment indications for duodenal ulcer were consistent among all of the studies: when anti-H. pylori therapy was added to conventional ulcer treatment acute ulcers healed more rapidly. Ulcer relapse rates were dramatically reduced after H. pylori eradication. All of the studies involving nonulcer dyspepsia assessed clearance rather than eradication of H. pylori. No study used validated outcome measures. A consistent decrease in symptom severity was no more prevalent in patients in whom the organism had been cleared than in those taking a placebo. Of the studies concerning gastric cancer none investigated the effect of eradication of H. pylori on subsequent risk of gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS: There is sufficient evidence to support the use of anti-H. pylori therapy in patients with duodenal ulcers who have H. pylori infection, triple therapy achieving the best results. There is no current evidence to support such therapy for nonulcer dyspepsia in patients with H. pylori infection. Much more attention must be paid to the design of nonulcer dyspepsia studies. Also, studies are needed to determine whether H. pylori eradication in patients with gastritis will prevent gastric cancer.     

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori does not reduce the incidence of gastroduodenal ulcers in patients on long-term NSAID treatment: double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the major causes of gastroduodenal ulcers. Studies on the benefit of eradication of H. pylori in NSAID users yielded conflicting results. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether H. pylori eradication in patients on long-term NSAIDs reduces the incidence of gastroduodenal ulcers. METHODS: Patients on long-term NSAID treatment and who are H. pylori positive on serologic testing, were randomly assigned to either H. pylori eradication (omeprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin) or placebo. Primary endpoint was the presence of endoscopic gastric or duodenal ulcers 3 months after randomization. RESULTS: One hundred sixty-five (48%) of a total of 347 patients were on gastroprotective medication. At endoscopy, gastroduodenal ulcers were diagnosed in 6 (4%) and 8 (5%) patients in the eradication and placebo group, respectively (p = .65). During follow-up of 12 months, no symptomatic ulcers or ulcer complications developed. No significant differences were found in the development of gastroduodenal erosions, dyspepsia, or in quality of life. CONCLUSION: H. pylori eradication therapy in patients on long-term NSAID treatment had no beneficial effect on the occurrence of ulcers, erosions, or dyspepsia. Ulcer rates in both study arms are remarkably low, in both patients with and without gastroprotective therapy.     

布拉氏酵母菌散剂联合三联疗法对儿童幽门螺杆菌感染的治疗

目的 观察布拉氏酵母菌散剂联合以质子泵抑制剂（PPI）为基础的标准三联疗法对儿童幽门螺杆菌（H. pylori）感染的疗效,以探索根除率高且不良反应少的H. pylori根除方案。方法 采用前瞻性随机对照研究,从确诊为H. pylori感染的患儿中选取120例作为研究对象,再随机分为布拉氏组和标准三联疗法组,每组各60例。标准三联疗法组口服阿莫西林［50 mg/（kg·d）,饭后分两次服］、克拉霉素［20 mg/（kg·d）,饭后分两次服］和奥美拉唑［0.7~0.8 mg/（kg·d）,饭前半小时一次服完］治疗,布拉氏组在标准三联疗法的基础上加服布拉氏酵母菌散剂（250 mg/次,2次/d）。两组患者均治疗14 d,由患儿家属记录治疗过程中发生不良反应的情况。停药后4周内不再口服任何抗生素,后行14C呼气试验以评估H. pylori根除情况。比较两组患者根除率及不良反应发生率。 结果 治疗后三联疗法组H. pylori根除率为76.7%（46/60）,布拉氏组为90.0%（54/60）,二者差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。治疗过程中布拉氏组患者腹泻发生率低于三联疗法组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 布拉酵母联合三联疗法能提高H. pylori的根除率,降低治疗过程中的不良反应。     

Cost effectiveness of screening for and eradication of Helicobacter pylori in management of dyspeptic patients under 45 years of age.

OBJECTIVE--To assess the cost effectiveness of screening for and eradicating Helicobacter pylori in patients under 45 years of age presenting with dyspepsia. DESIGN--A decision analytic model composed of a decision tree to represent the epidemiology of dyspepsia and a Markov process to model the outcomes of treatment. PATIENTS--Patients under the age of 45 years presenting to their general practitioner with (peptic type) dyspepsia. INTERVENTIONS--Conventional empirical treatment with healing and maintenance doses of cimetidine v eradication treatment solely in patients with confirmed peptic ulcer; and conventional empirical treatment for all dyspeptic patients compared with the use of a serology test to identify patients with H pylori, who then receive endoscopy to investigate the presence of peptic ulcer disease and, when disease is found, are given eradication treatment with a breath test to confirm successful eradication. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Expected cumulative costs over a period of 10 years. The proportion of time patients spend without a recurrent ulcer. RESULTS--After receiving eradication treatment, patients with confirmed ulcer spend an average of 99% of their time free from recurrent ulcer disease compared with 95% after treatment with cimetidine. Eradication treatment costs less than that with cimetidine. When the initial cost of identifying appropriate patients to receive eradication treatment is added to the analysis, however, these cost savings take almost eight years to accrue. CONCLUSIONS--Enthusiasm for introducing testing for and eradication of H pylori for dyspeptic patients in general practice should be tempered by an awareness that cost savings may take many years to realise.