星载大光斑LiDAR与HJ-1A高光谱数据联合估测区域森林地上生物量

以吉林省汪清林业局经营区为研究区,利用HJ-1A/HSI高光谱数据和ICESat-GLAS波形数据,估测区域森林地上生物量。从平滑后的GLAS波形数据中提取波形长度W和地形坡度参数TS,建立GLAS森林最大树高估测模型;从GLAS波形数据中提取能量参数I(植被回波能量Ev和回波总能量E之比),建立GLAS森林郁闭度估测模型;利用GLAS估测的森林最大树高和森林郁闭度联合建立森林地上生物量模型。由于GLAS呈离散条带状分布,无法实现区域估测,因此研究将GLAS波形数据与HJ-1A/HSI高光谱数据联合,基于支持向量回归机算法实现森林地上生物量区域估测,得到研究区森林地上生物量分布图。研究结果显示,基于W和TS建立的GLAS森林最大树高估测模型的adj.R~2=0.78,RMSE=2.51m,模型验证的adj.R~2=0.85,RMSE=1.67m。地形坡度参数TS能够有效的降低地形坡度的影响;当林下植被高度为2m时,得到的基于参数I建立的GLAS森林郁闭度估测模型效果最好,模型的adj.R~2=0.64,RMSE=0.13,模型验证的adj.R~2=0.65,RMSE=0.12。利用森林最大树高和森林郁闭度建立的森林地上生物量模型的adj.R~2=0.62,RMSE=10.88 t/hm~2,模型验证的adj.R~2=0.60,RMSE=11.52 t/hm~2。基于支持向量回归机算法,利用HJ-1A/HSI和GLAS数据建立的森林地上生物量SVR模型,生成了森林地上生物量分布图,利用野外数据对得到的分布图进行验证,验证结果显示森林地上生物量估测值与实测值存在很强的线性关系(adj.R~2=0.62,RMSE=11.11 t/hm~2),能够满足林业应用的需要。因此联合ICESat-GLAS波形数据与HJ-1A高光谱数据,能够提高区域森林地上生物量的估测精度。     

协同ICESat/GLAS和MISR数据估算小兴安岭地区森林地上生物量

大光斑激光雷达ICESat/GLAS波形数据包含大量的地物垂直结构信息,如森林垂直断面、地形等。这些信息与森林地上生物量具有很强的相关性。本研究在雷达波形数据处理的基础上,提取波形参数,分别用线性逐步回归模型和Erf-BP神经网络模型建立波形参数与森林地上生物量的关系式。使用Erf-BP神经网络模型计算研究区域内GLAS光斑点的生物量,协同多角度光学遥感数据MISR应用随机森林机器学习方法构建从点到面的空间尺度生物量扩展模型,最后用样地数据对模型反演的生物量结果进行检验。研究结果表明Erf-BP神经网络模型预测能力(P=0.965,RMSE=3.81 t·ha-1)优于线性逐步回归模型(P=0.86,RMSE=4.54 t·ha-1);空间尺度扩展模型预测精度P=0.81,RMSE=2.39 t·ha-1,反演的森林地上生物量估计值范围在0~144.4 t·ha-1,平均地上生物量估计值为59.28 t·ha-1,用样地数据检验模型的反演结果(R2=0.72,RMSE=8.98 t·ha-1),估计值与实际值较为接近。研究实现使用少量实测数据获取大尺度、高精度森林地上生物量的目的,为森林资源调查、生态研究及碳循环研究提供基础。     

基于森林群落和光谱曲线特征分异的福建省森林生物量遥感反演

基于福建省Landsat8 OLI影像,利用混合像元分解模型筛选出"纯净"的植被像元,提取296个调查样地对应植被像元的红光和近红外波段的中心波长(分别CWR和CWNIR)及其对应的反射率(分别R和NIR),构建以(NIR-R)/(CWNIR-CWR)为特征指数的叶生物量回归模型。然后根据针叶林、阔叶林及针阔混交林叶生物量与干、枝、叶所组成的地上生物量的关系方程,结合福建省植被覆盖分类数据,估测了整个福建省针叶林、阔叶林、混交林的地上生物量,并绘制了福建省地上生物量分布图。结果表明:红光和近红外两个波段反射率和其中心波长所组成的斜率与叶生物量相关性显著,与针叶林、阔叶林、混交林叶生物量的精度分别达到70.55%、68.89%、51.75%,采用这种方法对福建省叶生物量和地上总生物量进行估算,并进行精度验证,其中,针叶林、阔叶林、混交林叶物量的模型误差(RMSE)分别达到29.2467 t/hm~2(R~2=66.64%)、14.0258 t/hm~2(R~2=61.13%)、10.1788 t/hm~2(R~2=55.43%),地上总生物量的模型精度分别达到49.8315 t/hm~2(R~2=54.65%)、45.1820 t/hm~2(R~2=49.01%)、41.5131 t/hm~2(R~2=38.79%),这说明,采用红光波段和近红外波段与其中心波长所组成的斜率估测森林叶生物量,进而估算其地上总生物量的方法是可行的。     

大兴安岭植被生物量的ALOS PALSAR估算

利用野外实测调查数据,系统分析了ALOS PALSAR L波段HH(L-HH)极化数据与大兴安岭地区森林各成分参数的关系,并采用简单线性模型、指数模型和加入地理因子模型建立森林生物量的估算模型进行最优反演.结果表明:后向散射系数与树木地上部分总生物量相关性最大,其次是干生物量,L-HH数据可以用来反演正确的树木地上部分总生物量.3种模型中,加入地理因子模型降低了植被生物量估算的误差,精度达0.851,反演结果与实际相符.在41.5°入射角L-HH极化数据下,大兴安岭塔河林业局和阿木尔林业局的森林生物量饱和点在15.4 kg·m-2.     

基于ALOSPALSAR雷达影像的人工林蓄积量估算——以塞罕坝机械林场华北落叶松人工林为例

基于遥感影像精确估算区域人工林蓄积量对于人工林的管理具有重要意义。本研究以北半球面积最大的华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii)人工林林场——塞罕坝机械林场为研究区,采用逐步回归方法分别建立了华北落叶松人工林地面实测蓄积量与L波段ALOS PALSAR雷达数据、Landsat-8 OLI数据、以及共用ALOS PALSAR数据与Landsat-8OLI数据之间的不同模型,提出了一种基于雷达影像准确估算人工林蓄积量的方法。通过模型精度验证,找到落叶松人工林蓄积量估算最佳模型,并据此获得研究区不同林龄华北落叶松人工林蓄积量空间分布。结果表明:在建立的4个回归模型中,ALOS PALSAR雷达数据HV极化模式归一化后向散射系数与华北落叶松人工林蓄积量指数形式的回归模型预测精度最高(R2=0.67,相对RMSE=26.78%,P0.01);据此模型估算获得研究区2010年华北落叶松人工林总蓄积量为4.7×106m3及其相应的空间分布图;当单位蓄积量达到250~300 m3·hm-2时,ALOS PALSAR雷达数据HV极化模式归一化后向散射系数对蓄积量的变化不敏感,达到了饱和;林龄20 a、20~30 a、30~40 a和40 a的华北落叶松人工林单位蓄积量分别为78、97、136和127 m3·hm-2。本研究提出了一种基于雷达影像准确估算人工林蓄积量的方法。     

基于机载激光雷达与Landsat 8 OLI数据的亚热带森林生物量估算

快速、定量、精确地估算区域森林生物量一直是森林生态功能评价以及碳储量研究的重要问题。该研究基于机载激光雷达(Li DAR)点云与Landsat 8 OLI多光谱数据,借助江苏省常熟市虞山地区55块调查样地数据,首先提取并分析了87个特征变量(53个OLI特征变量,34个LiDAR特征变量)与森林地上、地下生物量的Pearson’s相关系数以进行变量优选,然后利用多元逐步回归法建立森林生物量估算模型(OLI生物量估算模型和LiDAR生物量估算模型),并与基于两种数据建立的综合生物量估算模型的结果进行比较,讨论预测结果及其精确性。结果表明:3种模型(OLI模型、LiDAR模型和综合模型)在所有样地无区分分析时,地上和地下生物量的估算精度均达到0.4以上,基于不同森林类型(针叶林、阔叶林、混交林)分析时地上和地下生物量的估算精度均有明显提高,达到0.67及以上。利用分森林类型模型估算生物量,综合生物量估算模型精度(地上生物量:R2为0.88;地下生物量:R2为0.92)优于OLI生物量估算模型(地上生物量:R2为0.73;地下生物量:R2为0.81)和Li DAR生物量估算模型(地上生物量:R2为0.86;地下生物量:R2为0.83)。     

基于随机森林模型的青藏高原森林地上生物量遥感估算

遥感数据可以实时快速获取森林属性信息，利用遥感技术数据估算的森林地上生物量(aboveground biomass, AGB)具有空间连续性且精度较高的优势。与低纬度或低海拔的森林生态系统相比，高寒区因地形复杂、气候特殊，森林属性信息的获取更加困难，因此遥感是获取大尺度高寒区森林属性的重要手段。本研究以青藏高原为研究区，利用MODIS卫星影像和样地调查数据，建立随机森林模型(RF)估算森林AGB,并结合K最近邻算法(KNN)进一步探究该区域主要树种AGB。本研究在不同尺度上验证了模型预测精度，并分析预测变量的重要性。结果表明：(1)建立的AGB估算模型在像元(R²=0.82,RMSE=64.93 t·hm^-2)和景观尺度(t=0.15,P=0.88)上皆表现较好；(2)青藏高原森林AGB空间分布呈现由东南向西北逐渐降低的趋势，平均森林AGB为181.28±104.54 t·hm^-2;最高的森林AGB出现在海拔1000 m以下，为237.66±60.92 t·hm^-2;树种水平上，冷杉、云杉和云南松A...     

利用皆伐法估算黔中喀斯特森林地上生物量

精确估算森林生物量对理解全球碳循环至关重要。已有的喀斯特森林地上生物量估算研究存在很高的不确定性,缺乏校准数据检验研究结果的精度。利用皆伐法,首次精确估算了我国西南贵州省中部喀斯特森林的地上生物量,并检验了已有生物量回归方程和平均标准木法对该喀斯特森林地上生物量的估算效果。该喀斯特森林的地上生物量为122.81 Mg/hm²,胸径(D)≥1 cm的木本植物、D<1 cm的木本植物和草本植物的地上生物量分别为120.00、2.56、0.24 Mg/hm²。D在10—30 cm范围内的植株(83.89 Mg/hm²)是地上生物量的主要贡献者。4个优势树种(云南鼠刺Itea yunnanensis、川钓樟Lindera pulcherrima、猴樟Cinnamomum bodinieri和化香树Platycarya strobilacea的地上生物量为103.03 Mg/hm²,占森林总地上生物量的83.89%。干(61.04 Mg/hm²)和枝(40.56 Mg/hm     

基于多植被指数组合的冬小麦地上干生物量高光谱估测

为了探究多种植被指数组合与偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)结合对于提高冬小麦地上干生物量估测精度的影响,本研究以氮运筹试验为基础,比较分析了18种植被指数与冬小麦地上干生物量的相关性,筛选出相关性较好的植被指数,建立多种植被指数组合的PLSR模型,并对模型进行评价比较。结果表明:除叶绿素归一化植被指数(NPCI)外各植被指数均与冬小麦地上干生物量有良好的相关性,中分辨率陆地叶绿素成像指数(MTCI)、绿色归一化植被指数(GNDVI)、改进红边比值植被指数(MSR705)和特征色素简单比值指数c(PSSRc)4个植被指数相关系数绝对值均达到0.800以上;多植被指数组合构建的PLSR模型中,以PSSRc、MSR705和MTCI 3个植被指数建立的复合式模型建模集(R2=0.719,RMSE=0.316)和验证集(R2=0.696,RMSE=0.346)表现最佳。因此,多种植被指数组合与偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)结合能有效提高冬小麦地上干生物量的估测精度,为更好地实现冬小麦地上干生物量高光谱遥感估测提供有效技术途径。     

乌兰布和沙漠东北缘荒漠-绿洲过渡带植被地上生物量估算

干旱区荒漠植被地上生物量是植被生长状况评价与荒漠化监测的重要指标。在乌兰布和沙漠东北缘的荒漠-绿洲过渡带选取典型区,基于地面调查数据构建主要植物种的异速生长方程,对样方内的植被地上生物量进行估算;基于样方调查数据和Quick Bird影像数据,分别建立植被指数与人工固沙林和荒漠植被地上生物量的回归模型,并对研究区植被地上生物量进行估算。结果表明:植冠体积V是较好的预测变量,所得荒漠植物异速生长方程精度较高,能够满足样方内荒漠植被地上生物量估算需要;采用RVI对数模型估算人工固沙林地上生物量的效果最好(R~2=0.72,RMSEP=56.15),采用RVI线性模型估算荒漠植被地上生物量的效果最好(R~2=0.82,RMSEP=15.07);研究区内荒漠植被和人工固沙林的单位面积地上生物量分别为90.73g/m~2和105.28g/m~2。该研究可以为荒漠化监测和荒漠植被遥感信息提取提供参考。     

联合GF-6和Sentinel-2红边波段的森林地上生物量反演

光谱反射率能反映地物差异,是森林地上生物量（Aboveground Biomass,AGB）遥感反演的理论基础。红边波段处于近红外与红光波段交界处快速变化的区域,能对植被冠层结构和叶绿素含量的微小变化做出快速反应,对植被生长状况较敏感。研究以GF-6和Sentinel-2多光谱影像作为数据源,结合野外调查AGB数据,构建落叶松和樟子松AGB线性和非线性估测模型,通过比较模型精度选择最优模型进行森林AGB反演和空间分布制图。结果表明：GF-6和Sentinel-2影像红边波段反射率与落叶松、樟子松AGB均呈显著相关（P<0.05）,红边波段对AGB估测较敏感。多变量估测模型整体估测效果优于单变量模型,所有模型中多元线性回归模型取得了最优的决定系数（落叶松R²=0.66,樟子松R²=0.65）和最低的均方根误差（落叶松RMSE=31.45 t/hm²,樟子松RMSE=54.77 t/hm²）。相比单个数据源,联合GF-6和Sentinel-2影像构建的多元线性回归模型估测效果得到了显著提升,模型RMSE对于落叶松和樟子松AGB估测分别最大降低了22.9%和11.2%。增加红边波段进行AGB估测能显著提高模型估测精度,三组数据源分别加入红边波段信息后进行建模,模型RMSE得到了显著降低。GF-6拥有800 km观测幅宽和高效的重访周期,可以快速地提供大尺度时间序列数据,在森林地上生物量反演和动态监测方面有着很大潜力。     

森林生物量遥感降尺度研究

森林生物量是评价全球碳氧平衡、气候变化的重要指标。目前已有基于星载激光雷达数据的全球森林生物量产品,但空间分辨率较低,不能很好地满足小区域森林调查和动态监测的需要。针对这一现状,以美国马里兰州两个森林分布状况不同的区域为研究区,基于CMS(Carbon Monitoring System)30 m分辨率和GEOCARBON 1 km分辨率森林地上生物量产品以及TM等数据源,通过升尺度模拟低分辨率生物量数据和直接使用低分辨率产品两种方式,分别尝试建立了多光谱地表参数和低分辨率森林地上生物量之间的统计关系,以此作为降尺度模型实现了森林地上生物量空间分辨率从1 km到30 m的转换,并对降尺度结果进行精度评价和误差分析。结果表明:模拟数据降尺度后的30 m分辨率森林地上生物量空间分布和CMS森林地上生物量分布状况大致相同,RMSE=59.2—65.5 Mg/hm~2,相关系数约为0.7;其降尺度结果优于GEOCARBON产品直接降尺度结果RMSE=75.3—79.9 Mg/hm~2;相较于线性模型,非线性模型能更好地呈现森林地上生物量和地表参数间的关系;总体上,降尺度生物量呈现高值区低估,低值区高估的现象。     

PALSAR 50 m Mosaic Data Based National Level Biomass Estimation in Cambodia for Implementation of REDD+ Mechanism

Tropical countries like Cambodia require information about forest biomass for successful implementation of climate change mitigation mechanism related to Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD+). This study investigated the potential of Phased Array-type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar Fine Beam Dual (PALSAR FBD) 50 m mosaic data to estimate Above Ground Biomass (AGB) in Cambodia. AGB was estimated using a bottom-up approach based on field measured biomass and backscattering (σ^o) properties of PALSAR data. The relationship between the PALSAR σ^o HV and HH/HV with field measured biomass was strong with R² = 0.67 and 0.56, respectively. PALSAR estimated AGB show good results in deciduous forests because of less saturation as compared to dense evergreen forests. The validation results showed a high coefficient of determination R² = 0.61 with RMSE  = 21 Mg/ha using values up to 200 Mg/ha biomass. There were some uncertainties because of the uncertainty in the field based measurement and saturation of PALSAR data. AGB map of Cambodian forests could be useful for the implementation of forest management practices for REDD+ assessment and policies implementation at the national level.     

西藏自治区草地地上生物量遥感反演研究

草地地上生物量（Aboveground Biomass,AGB）是反映草地生态系统功能和质量的关键指标,大尺度地准确估算草地AGB对草地生态系统经营管理至关重要。研究以MODIS影像为数据源,提取反射率、植被指数和植被产品三种不同类型的特征变量,结合野外实测样地草地AGB数据,构建以多元线性逐步回归为代表的参数模型以及随机森林、支持向量机和kNN等非参数模型进行西藏自治区草地AGB估测及空间分布制图。结果表明：（1）多元线性逐步回归、随机森林、支持向量机和kNN模型在加入植被产品特征变量后,RMSE分别降低了15.8%、13.5%、4.1%和17.3%,表明植被产品作为建模变量用于草地AGB估测可有效提高模型精度;（2）三种组合变量构建的草地AGB估测模型中,反射率、植被指数、植被产品组合构建的模型效果最佳,其中kNN模型估测精度最高,R²达到0.60,RMSE和MAE分别为0.43、0.34 t/hm²;（3）草地AGB空间分布呈现出西北地区较低、中部地区较高且分布形态较破碎和东部地区较高的变化特征;（4）利用MODIS植被产品结合kNN模型的预测值与草地实测的AGB空间分布趋势基本一致。综上,MODIS植被产品结合kNN模型可作为大尺度区域草地AGB遥感估测的有效参考。     

基于高分辨率遥感影像的北亚热带森林生物量反演

以北亚热带湖北省太子山林场为研究对象,基于高空间分辨率GF-2与SPOT-6卫星影像,提取不同窗口大小下的纹理信息与光谱信息,利用随机森林回归算法,并结合野外实测106块样地的生物量数据,建立不同影像下的太子山林场森林生物量反演模型。结果显示：（1） GF-2和SPOT-6虽然空间分辨率有差异,但是从其不同波段反射率的相关系数（0.75、0.78、0.73、0.61）发现,两种影像的波段反射率具有较高的相关性,说明两者的辐射性能相近;（2）通过分析不同纹理特征对生物量模型的影响,发现均值和对比度纹理参数对生物量反演具有很好的效果。（3）高分辨率的遥感数据在生物量反演中具有较好的表现,且GF-2生物量模型精度（R²=0.88,RMSE=27.11 Mg/hm²）与SPOT-6生物量模型的精度（R²=0.89,RMSE=23.93 Mg/hm²）相近。（4）两种影像对不同森林类型的生物量预测值不存在显著差异,都适合对不同林分类型的生物量进行预测。     

Natural Forest Biomass Estimation Based on Plantation Information Using PALSAR Data

Forests play a vital role in terrestrial carbon cycling; therefore, monitoring forest biomass at local to global scales has become a challenging issue in the context of climate change. In this study, we investigated the backscattering properties of Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Phased Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) data in cashew and rubber plantation areas of Cambodia. The PALSAR backscattering coefficient (σ⁰) had different responses in the two plantation types because of differences in biophysical parameters. The PALSAR σ⁰ showed a higher correlation with field-based measurements and lower saturation in cashew plants compared with rubber plants. Multiple linear regression (MLR) models based on field-based biomass of cashew (C-MLR) and rubber (R-MLR) plants with PALSAR σ⁰ were created. These MLR models were used to estimate natural forest biomass in Cambodia. The cashew plant-based MLR model (C-MLR) produced better results than the rubber plant-based MLR model (R-MLR). The C-MLR-estimated natural forest biomass was validated using forest inventory data for natural forests in Cambodia. The validation results showed a strong correlation (R² = 0.64) between C-MLR-estimated natural forest biomass and field-based biomass, with RMSE  = 23.2 Mg/ha in deciduous forests. In high-biomass regions, such as dense evergreen forests, this model had a weaker correlation because of the high biomass and the multiple-story tree structure of evergreen forests, which caused saturation of the PALSAR signal.     

Forest aboveground biomass estimation using machine learning regression algorithm in Yok Don National Park,Vietnam

Forest biomass is one of the key measurement for carbon budget accounting, carbon flux monitoring, and climate change studies. Hence, it is essential to develop a credible approach to estimate forest biomass and carbon stocks. Our study applied Sentinel-2 satellite imagery combined with field-measured biomass using Random Forest (RF), a machine learning regression algorithm, to estimate forest aboveground biomass (AGB) in Yok Don National Park, Vietnam. A total of 132 spectral and texture variables were extracted from Sentinel-2 imagery (February 7, 2017) to predict AGB of the National Park using RF algorithm. It was found that a combination of 132 spectral and texture variables could predict AGB with an R² value of 0.94, RMSE of 34.5 Mgha⁻¹ and %RMSE of 18.3%. RF regression algorithm was further used to reduce the number of variables in such a way that a minimum number of selected variables can be able to estimate AGB at a satisfactory level. A combination of 11 spectral and texture variables was identified based on out-of-bag (OOB) estimation to develop an easy-to-use model for estimating AGB. On validation, the model developed with 11 variables was able to predict AGB with R² = 0.81, RMSE = 36.67 Mg ha⁻¹ and %RMSE of 19.55%. The results found in the present study demonstrated that Sentinel-2 imagery in conjunction with RF-based regression algorithm has the potential to effectively predict the spatial distribution of forest AGB with adequate accuracy.     

Machine learning prediction of above-ground biomass in pure Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) stands of the Mediterranean region,Türkiye

Above-ground biomass (AGB) is an important component for identifying carbon stocks, monitoring the impacts of climate change, and evaluating merchantable timber. Accurate prediction of forest AGB is central to the correct interpretation of these components and to produce usable data for planners and researchers. In this study, remotely sensed time-series data derived from Landsat 8 (reflectance (R) and vegetation indices (VI)), topographic (T) and climate (C) data were used as independent variables to predict AGB of pure Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) stands using multiple regression analysis (MLR) and support vector machines (SVM) methods. The AGB modeling was done by using independent variables individually and by combining variables, and the AGB maps of the most successful models obtained from MLR and SVM methods were produced. It was determined that the most successful variable group was the VI when the independent variables were used one by one (MLR Training R² = 0.50, SVM Training R² = 0.67). The most successful predictions in AGB modeling were obtained with combining all independent variables and using the SVM method (Training R² = 0.85, Validation R² = 0.69). In the combination of independent variables, VI and C data made the greatest contribution to the success of the AGB prediction. The ‘green leaf index’ vegetation indices had the most significant effect on the modeling AGB. In this study, T and C in addition to spectral data has increased the AGB estimation performance. It has been found that the SVM method yielded higher model accuracy than MLR method in predicting AGB. Overall, the spectral data and the SVM method can contribute to improving the accuracy of AGB estimates and provide an effective approach towards the capability for forest ecosystem monitoring.     

Fusion of airborne LiDAR data and hyperspectral imagery for aboveground and belowground forest biomass estimation

Vegetation biomass is a key biophysical parameter for many ecological and environmental models. The accurate estimation of biomass is essential for improving the accuracy and applicability of these models. Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data have been extensively used to estimate forest biomass. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in fusing LiDAR with other data sources for directly measuring or estimating vegetation characteristics. In this study, the potential of fused LiDAR and hyperspectral data for biomass estimation was tested in the middle Heihe River Basin, northwest China. A series of LiDAR and hyperspectral metrics were calculated to obtain the optimal biomass estimation model. To assess the prediction ability of the fused data, single and fused LiDAR and hyperspectral metrics were regressed against field-observed belowground biomass (BGB), aboveground biomass (AGB) and total forest biomass (TB). The partial least squares (PLS) regression method was used to reduce the multicollinearity problem associated with the input metrics. It was found that the estimation accuracy of forest biomass was affected by LiDAR plot size, and the optimal plot size in this study had a radius of 22 m. The results showed that LiDAR data alone could estimate biomass with a relative high accuracy, and hyperspectral data had lower prediction ability for forest biomass estimation than LiDAR data. The best estimation model was using a fusion of LiDAR and hyperspectral metrics (R² = 0.785, 0.893 and 0.882 for BGB, AGB and TB, respectively, with p < 0.0001). Compared with LiDAR metrics alone, the fused LiDAR and hyperspectral data improved R² by 5.8%, 2.2% and 2.6%, decreased AIC value by 1.9%, 1.1% and 1.2%, and reduced RMSE by 8.6%, 7.9% and 8.3% for BGB, AGB and TB, respectively. These results demonstrated that biomass accuracies could be improved by the use of fused LiDAR and hyperspectral data, although the improvement was slight when compared with LiDAR data alone. This slight improvement could be attributed to the complementary information contained in LiDAR and hyperspectral data. In conclusion, fusion of LiDAR and other remotely sensed data has great potential for improving biomass estimation accuracy.