额尔齐斯河鱼类双身虫科一种属新记录

研究报道了2009年4月至2013年5月采自新疆北部额尔齐斯河(中国段)东方欧鳊(Abramis brama orientalis Berg, 1949)鳃上的1种双身虫科(Diplozoidae Palombi, 1949)、双身虫亚科(Diplozoinae Palombi, 1949)、双身虫属(Diplozoon Nordmann, 1832)的奇异双身虫(Diplozoon paradoxum Nordmann, 1832)。所获标本与Nordmann (1832)的原始描述基本一致, 仅各部分度量等方面略有差异, 经比较鉴定, 为我国一新记录种。同时, 双身虫属在我国也尚属首次发现, 为我国一新记录属。研究对奇异双身虫的主要形态特征进行了描述并绘制了全图和特征图, 测定其ITS-2 rDNA序列并与GenBank同亚科虫种进行比对, 确定其与欧洲已发现的奇异双身虫相似度达到99.5%, 并对该寄生虫的地理分布特点进行了探讨。       

澜沧江黄尾短吻鱼寄生拟双身虫属一新种

记述了澜沧江水系西双版纳景洪流域段(22°0'28″N,100°47'43″E)黄尾短吻鱼Sikukia flavicaudata Chu et Chen鳃上寄生的拟双身虫属Paradiplozoon一新种。新种全长平均2.539 mm,体前部长平均1.500 mm,体后部长平均0.894 mm,宽平均0.143 mm。半月形口吸盘1对。卵巢椭圆形,位于体后部前端。睾丸1枚,长条状,不分叶,位于卵巢后。新种在固着铗形状、大小顺序、睾丸形态及数目以及肠在体后部的分支情况等与拟双身虫属已记录种存在明显差异。同时鉴于单殖吸虫宿主特异性,认为在澜沧江特有土著鱼类黄尾短吻鱼鳃上发现的该种单殖吸虫为拟双身虫属科学上一未记录种,以采集地命名为版纳拟双身虫Paradiplozoon bannaensis sp.nov.。新种模式标本保存在云南师范大学生命科学学院。     

鮈亚科鱼类的寄生双身虫四新种(单殖纲:铗钧目)

鮈亚科为一群中小型鱼类,广泛分布于我国各地。1982—1983年间我们在浙赣两省采得该亚科内7属13种鱼类标本,其中5属11种鱼类感染双身虫,感染率高达84.6％。检得10种寄生双身虫,其中江西双身虫能侵袭花(鱼骨),为宿主新记录,5种标本数量少,未能定种,另有4种尚未见报道,定为新种,兹报告如下。文内量度以毫米为单位。模式标本保存于杭州大学生物系动物教研组。     

我国鲤科鱼类的寄生双身虫四新种

鲤料鱼类广泛分布于全国各地。寄生于鲤科鱼类的双身虫,我国自目前,己报道了7种。近年来,我们先后在浙江、江西采到多种鲤科鱼类,在好几种鱼类的鳃上查到数种双身虫。经整理,兹先报道4个新种。文内量度均以毫米为单位。模式标本保存于杭州大学生物系。     

青岛近岸海洋鱼类4种寄生薄壳虫属粘孢子虫，包括1新种的研究（粘体门，双壳目）

作为中国海洋鱼类寄生粘孢子虫的系列研究内容之一, 本文报道和采集了自青岛沿海多种鱼类体内寄生的薄壳虫属1新种并重描述了3个已知种：似短薄壳虫, 新种Leptotheca brevoides sp.n.;云雾薄壳虫L. nebulifera Zhao & Song, 2003;豆粒薄壳虫L. faba (Meglitsch, 1960) Zhao & Song, 2003和大孢薄壳虫L. macrospora Auerbach, 1909。     

卤虫染色体倍性组成的研究

本文报道了我国4个地理品系卤虫的染色体倍性组成及卵径分布,分析了卤虫染色体的非整倍性,讨论了卤虫种的分布。 天津卤虫有2倍体(2n=42),占33.3％和5倍体,占16.2％;染色体数的波动为21—108;卵径为262±17μm。 海南卤虫有2倍体(2n=42),占8％;4倍体,占17.7％;5倍体,占18.3％;染色体数的波动为16—111;卵径为285±15μm。 新疆卤虫有2倍体(2n=42),占39.2％;染色体数的波动为17—106;卵径为269±15μm。 山西卤虫有2倍体(2n=42),占45.1％,染色体数的波动为17—84;卵径为234±13μm。     

钩虾体内寄生棘头虫幼虫在中国的首次报道

钩虾(Gammarus sp.)是一类栖息于水底及聚集于水草丛的端足类动物.我国对钩虾的研究主要是种类鉴定,而且也主要是近几年的研究成果1.钩虾作为棘头虫的中间宿主,在国外已有很多报道2,3.然而在国内对棘头虫生活史的研究甚少,特别是对鱼类的棘头虫4.       

鱼类三代虫研究进展

三代虫是一类常见的鱼类体表寄生虫,广泛寄生于各种鱼类,其危害近年有加剧之势,对鱼类养殖业造成较大威胁。本文从三代虫的分类方法、种群动态和引起寄主免疫反应等方面综述了鱼类三代虫研究现状及发展趋势。     

金鱼寄生三代虫的形态学及基于rDNAits序列的分子鉴定

为查明我国金鱼三代虫的种类, 研究采用形态学与分子生物学相结合的方法, 对我国6个金鱼主要养殖区的三代虫进行了调查。通过形态测量分析, 发现了4种三代虫, 分别为: 小林三代虫（Gyrodactylus kobayashii）、G. gurleyi、G. longoacuminatus和三代虫未定种（Gyrodactylus sp.）。而通过核糖体rDNA its序列比对分析, 发现有2种三代虫分别与小林三代虫和G. longoacuminatus相似性在99.1%以上, 有1种与G. gurleyi的相似性在98.2%以上, 另外, 还有1种三代虫与现有序列的相似性都较低, 虽然它与小林三代虫的相似性最高, 也仅为91.0%, 暂为未定种。系统发育分析也显示, 金鱼寄生的3种三代虫分别与小林三代虫、G. gurleyi和G. longoacuminatus聚集在一起, 另外1种单独聚在一起, 这4种三代虫均隶属于G. （Limnonephrotus）亚属, 与G. （Gyrodactylus）亚属的秀丽三代虫（G. elegans）的亲缘关系很远。通过对三代虫样品的抽样调查发现, 小林三代虫存在于所有采样点, 在广州、武汉、郑州3个采样点为优势种, 所占的比率都在60%以上; G. gurleyi在海口、南京和上海为优势种, 所占的比率都在50%以上; G. longoacuminatus和三代虫未定种所占比率均较小。由此可见, 小林三代虫和G. gurleyi是我国金鱼常见的三代虫, G. gurleyi 和G. longoacuminatus是中国三代虫新记录种。       

南中国海野生海水鱼类外寄生车轮虫新记录（英文）

研究对采自南中国海的7种海水鱼类进行了调查研究,并分离获得4种隶属于车轮虫属的种类,分别为浦氏车轮虫Trichodina puytoraci Lom,1962;日本车轮虫Trichodina japonica Imai,et al.,1991;直钩车轮虫Trichodina rectuncinata Raabe,1958与鲀车轮虫Trichodina fugu Imai,et al.,1997。研究发现鲀车轮虫Trichodina fugu Imai,et al.,1997为寄主鱼虫纹东方鲀Takifugu vermicularis的病原,且能在野生条件下将其致死。上述4种车轮虫的形态分类学数据均基于干银法标本获得。研究是对我国南中国海车轮虫的首次报道。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.