广西莲座蕨属一新种

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横断山蹄盖蕨科新分类群

在编写《横断山维管植物》一书的过程中发现了一些新分类群,它们包括九个新种和十二个新变种,现报道如下。文中的引证标本,未注明保存地点的,均保存在“PE”。 1.棕鳞短肠蕨 新种 图1:1—2 Allantodia forrestii Ching,sp.nov.:Ching ex Z.R.Wang in W.T.Wang et al.,Vasc. Pl.Hengduan Mount.1:90.1993.nom.seminud.     

横断山区节肢蕨属的研究

文本报道了分布在横断山区域的节肢蕨属(Arthromeris)植物,已知12种,1变种;其中新种2个。讨论了该属在本区的地理水平和垂直分布,并初步探讨了在这一地区分布的种类和亚洲分布的种类之间的地理亲缘关系。     

湖北鳞毛蕨属植物的地理分布及区系特征

对湖北鳞毛蕨后植物的地理分布和区系特点进行了研究。鳞毛蕨后植物广布于世界各地,该后的分布和多样性中心位于中国西南部和东喜马拉雅山区;另一中心则位于日本,中国东南部和南部。鳞毛蕨后是一个自然的北温带分布属。中国有鳞毛蕨后植物134种(包括7变种),西南地区(云南、四川、贵州等)是国产鳞毛蕨属植物分布最集中的地区。区系分析表明：湖北鳞毛蕨后植物种类比较丰富,有36种,主要分布于鄂西北和鄂西南山区,是构成湖北森林植物区系林下草本植物的主要成分之一;地理成分比较复杂,种的分析显示出以中国一日本分布和中国持有分布为主的特点;与相邻省鳞毛蕨属植物区系的关系比较密切;区系过渡性明显。     

海南岛叉蕨科植物的增补与修订

发现滇桂三相蕨Ataxipteris dianguiensis W. M. Chu & H. G. Zhou和多形叉蕨Tecataria polymorpha (Wall. ex Hook.) Copel.为海南新分布, 并为滇桂三相蕨指定了后选模式,讨论了燕尾叉蕨T. simonsii (Baker) Ching和中型叉蕨T. media Ching的异同,澄清了三叉蕨T. subtriphylla (Hook. & Arn.) Copel.和多形叉蕨的形态变异,把云南产狭基叉蕨T. polymorpha var. subcuneata Ching & Chu H. Wang处理为多形叉蕨的异名。至此,海南产叉蕨科植物为8属20种。     

横断山区唇形科植物的地理分布

横断山区唇形科植物相当丰富,有46属240种,在国内仅次于云南和四川,但明显多于其它省区。通过对其属、种的分布区类型分析,其地理分布表现如下一些特征;1)从属的分布区类型来说,横断山区唇形科植物主要是温带性质,温带分布区类型的属数占总属数(世界分布的不计算在内,下同)85.3%,其中东亚分布类型为数最多,占总属数34.1%,其次是旧世界分布类型和北温带分布类型,分别占总属数29.2%和12.2%,而东亚分布类型中占绝对优势的是中国喜马拉雅分布亚型。2)从种的分布类型来说,我国特有分布的种占绝大多数,占总种数75%,而温带分布类型和热带分布类型分别占总种数20%和5%。在我国特有分布的种中横断山区特有的占72.8%。在横断山区特有分布的种中滇西北一地特有的占横断山区特有总种数32.1%,川西南一地特有的占横断山区特有总种数9.9%,滇西北和川西南两地共同特有的占横断山区特有总种数25.2%,要是把滇西北川西南看成一整体无疑是横断山区特有种分布中心,占横断山区特有总种数67.2%。3)滇西北川西南特有种分布中心,从其特有种组成分析,其成因有历史的也有生态的,但生态成因多于历史成因,因此该中心的植物区系较为年青,这是由于新构造运动强烈、垂直气候带变化明显,冰川多次进退,导致气候上下位移频繁以横断山脉的纵向深切,促进植物在发展过程中强烈分化的结果。     

广西毛蕨属（金星蕨科）植物新资料

报道了广西毛蕨属Cyclosorus植物6个新记录种:三都毛蕨C.sanduensis,学煜毛蕨C.houi,缩羽毛蕨C.abbreviatus,毛囊毛蕨C.hirtisorus,巨型毛蕨C.subelatus,秦氏毛蕨C.chingii,并提供了广西产该属植物的分种检索表。     

薄鳞蕨属（中国蕨科）——新组合

承认中国蕨科薄鳞蕨属的独立性,把喜马拉雅地区分布的Cheilanthes duthiei新组合到了该属.     

云南产轴鳞蕨属（三叉蕨科）植物的分类研究

采用R．E．Holttum与P．J．Edwards1986年提出的轴鳞蕨属Dryopsis的概念,对云南产的轴鳞蕨属植物进行分类研究。云南产轴鳞蕨属植物共有8个种,其中,独立江轴鳞蕨Dryopsis dulongensis(S.K.Wu et X.Cheng）S．Y．Dong为新组合,Dryopsis fengiana(Ching)Holttum et Edwards为新异名。并列出了分种检索表、种的文献引证、标本引证和地理分布。     

湖北铁线莲属的区系特征及地理分布

在查阅文献和标本采集鉴定的基础上,确认湖北铁线莲属(Clematis L．)有37种14变种。对湖北铁线莲属的区系地理进行了分析。铁线莲属的分布中心在中国的亚热带地区,在中国范围内云南和四川分布的种类最多(包括变种),然后以此为中心向四周的分布逐渐减少。湖北铁线莲属大部分种类分布在鄂西山区。湖北铁线莲属的地理成分以中国特有分布为主,中国特有成分占湖北种类总数的68．6％。区系的性质是温带性的。根据毛茛科最原始的类群金莲花亚科Subfam．Helleboroideae起源中心的推测和铁线莲属古老类群的分布,推测铁线莲属起源于中国西南地区,并以此解释湖北铁线莲属区系和周围省份铁线莲属区系的关系。     

福建武夷山脉裸子植物区系与地理分布的研究

通过野外实地考察,研究了福建武夷山脉裸子植物区系与地理分布及种系分化特点。结果表明：福建武夷山脉是中国裸子植物多样性中心之黄山-武夷山脉中心的核心区域,裸子植物共有10科24属39种。其地理分布呈中间海拔膨胀型。裸子植物的区系具亚热带性质,随纬度升高热带分布的比例呈下降趋势,而温带分布和中国特有分布的比例则呈上升趋势。裸子植物种系分化强度表现出南低北高的变化特点。     

中国母草科植物分类及地理分布

对国内外关于母草科(Linderniaceae Borsch,Kai Müller&Eberhard Fischer)系统分类学的研究进展进行了综述,整理和总结了中国母草科植物的分类学变动情况。通过收集中国数字植物标本馆、中国国家标本资源平台、《中国植物志》、Flora of China及《中国生物物种名录》物种分布信息,分析了中国母草科植物的分布格局。结果表明,母草科主要由传统玄参科母草族、腭母草族的类群及原苦苣苔科的侧母草属所构成,共22属220余种,中国分布有8属43种,其中15种为中国特有种。在中国,广西与广东分布的母草科植物最为丰富,新疆、青海和宁夏无母草科植物分布。研究更正了中国母草科植物属的范围及地理分布,以期为母草科植物未来的分类学与生物多样性研究提供参考。     

On Geographical Distribution of the Genus Stipa L. in China

The present paper deals with geographical distribution,ecological features and relation of vegetion types of the genus Stipa L．in China．In the genus 32 species 1 subspecies and 4 varietes are recognized in China． Following Wu's floristic regionalization,species of Stipa in China fall into six subkingdoms of the Holartic Kingdom,i.e．,the Asiatic desert subkingdom,Eurasian forest subkingdom,Qinghai-Xizang plateau subkingdom,Sino-Hi-malayan forest subkingdom,Eurasian steppe subkingdom,and the Sino-Japanese forest subkingdom． Based on the study of morphology,ecology and distribution patterns of the genus it becomes clear that Stipa is an important constituent of steppe vegetation． They are distributed mainly west of moist forest zone,and species of this genus are found in meadow steppe, typical steppe,desert steppe,and alpine steppe,with some species also found in forest-steppe zone and mountain steppe zone． Decontaminated thianthrene disproportion. 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中国萨吾尔-塔尔巴哈台山地种的地理成分分析

划分出萨吾尔 -塔尔巴哈台山地植物种一级的分布区类型共 1 2种类型及 3种亚型。分析结果表明 ,南北向格局分布区类型中的种类数目占总种数的三分之一多 ,说明本区在近代与南北植物区系的交流较多 ,成为南北植物区系物种交流的重要通道及由于该地的低海拔成为一些山地物种的分布边界 ,但中低山及平原中旱生性质的种类的分布未受到本区地形的影响。     

中国槲寄生属植物及其寄主的地理分布

对槲寄生属植物在世界的分布状况和在中国的分布特点进行了讨论。通过对其寄主植物进行统计并分析其分布区类型的特点,结合该属目前的核型分析结果和现存类群的分布特点,论证了槲寄生属植物属古南大陆起源,并对其起源时间和迁移路线作了推测。     

中国濒危植物华南五针松的地理分布与气候的关系

通过实地考察和资料查询,广泛收集华南五针松的地理分布资料,同时对分布区范围内113个地面气象站的气象数据进行插值分析,提取华南五针松分布点的气象数据。利用17项与植被相关的气候指标,分析华南五针松地理分布与气候特征的关系,结果表明,华南五针松在不同地区的高温条件的变化范围比较小,低温条件变化范围较大,但从物种量上来说,无论是高温条件还是低温条件都偏低,生长季降水量很丰富,变化范围较小,所以华南五针松喜好温凉湿润的生境条件。将华南五针松分布区分为三部分,即:南岭山地、南岭以南地区、海南地区,通过对三个地区相关气候指标的分析,进一步讨论了华南五针松分布区的气候特征,结果表明,相对于降水,温度是限制其分布的更重要的因子。利用主成分分析方法,对单一的气候指标进行了数理统计分析,结果表明,影响华南五针松地理分布的主要限制因子,按影响的大小依次为:温度因子>降水因子>湿度因子。还讨论了在气候变化的情况下,华南五针松分布区的变化趋势,提出了对华南五针松迁地保护地点选择的建议。     

内蒙古阿拉善地区啮齿动物的地理分布及区划

对内蒙古阿拉善地区啮齿动物的研究表明,该地区啮齿动物分为耐旱型、喜湿型、广布的伴人种3个基本类型、9个分布型,耐旱型动物构成了该地区的主体。在啮齿动物地理区划上应划为阿拉善荒漠亚区。     

海南龙血树野生资源分布及其与水热关系的分析

在全面调查海南龙血树(Dracaena cambodiana)野生资源地理分布的基础上,用温度指数、湿度指数等气候指标分析了海南龙血树野生资源地理分布与气候因子间的关系。结果表明,海南龙血树野生资源在中国仅分布于海南岛西南部山区及南部沿海地区,水平分布于108°42′40.9″~110°27′36.8″E,18°14′27″~19°20′28.5″N,垂直分布范围为0~900 m,仅发现10个现存分布点;海南龙血树属于热带雨林、季雨林小乔木状植物,具有强耐旱、喜阳和喜钙等生态习性,其分布区的绝大部分水热因子是其分布的主要限制因子。主成分分析表明,影响海南龙血树地理分布的主要水热指标的排序为热量因子>降水因子>湿度因子。根据野生居群的生境特点,我们推测水分和光照强度可能是影响海南龙血树种子萌发率或幼苗成活率的重要因子。