噬菌体展示 protein A 及 protein L Ig 结合单结构域随机组合文库及 Ig 亲和筛选

Protein A 和 protein L 是细菌产生的两种结构和功能均不同的免疫球蛋白 (immunoglobulin , Ig) 结合分子,在细菌的致病中起重要作用 . 用含 SacⅠ位点的特定引物 PCR 分别扩增制备 protein A 的 A 、 B 、 C 、 D 抗体结合结构域和 protein L 的 B3 抗体结合结构域,各结构域 DNA 片段经 SacⅠ酶切后,再随机连接形成各种不同长度的分子组合文库,将该文库呈现在噬菌体表面构建了噬菌体展示 Ig 结合分子单结构域随机组合文库,所建组合文库容量为 2.3×10⁶个菌落形成单位,滴度为 4.1×10¹¹TU/ml , 包含各种单结构域片段,并以随机方式连接 . 用人 Ig 对该文库进行 4 轮亲和筛选,随机挑选 36 个代表性的阳性克隆进行序列测定分析表明,亲和筛选获得了多种非天然形式存在的新的 Ig 结合分子结构,其中 32 个克隆具有由 protein L 的单结构域和 protein A 的单结构域间隔重复排列而成的特征性 (MDPL-MDPA)n 结构 . 对噬菌体展示 Ig 结合分子单结构域随机组合文库的体外分子进化研究的尝试,为 Ig 结合分子的结构和功能研究提供了一新的途径,也为 Ig 结合分子的定向改造打下基础 .     

A structure-based database of antibody variable domain diversity

The diversity of natural antibodies is limited by the genetic mechanisms that engender diversity and the functional requirements of antigen binding. Using an in vitro-evolved autonomous heavy chain variable domain (V(H)H-RIG), we have investigated the limits of structurally-tolerated diversity in the three complementarity-determining regions and a fourth loop within the third framework region. We determined the X-ray crystal structure of the V(H)H-RIG domain at 1.9A resolution and used it to guide the design of phage-displayed libraries encompassing the four loops. The libraries were subjected to selections for structural stability, and a database of structurally-tolerated sequences was compiled from the sequences of approximately 1000 unique clones. The results reveal that all four loops accommodate significantly greater diversity than is observed in nature. Thus, it appears that most sequence biases in the natural immune repertoire arise from factors other than structural constraints and, consequently, it should be possible to enhance the functions of antibodies significantly through in vitro evolution.