Further studies on the Pselaphodes complex of genera from China (Coleoptera,Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)

New data on the Pselaphodes complex of genera (Pselaphitae: Tyrini) from China is presented. The generic limits of Labomimus Sharp and Pselaphodes Westwood are discussed and expanded. A revised key to the genera of the Pselaphodes complex is provided. New geographic evidence suggests that previously believed wide-spread species Pselaphodes tianmuensis Yin, Li & Zhao contains a number of related species, resulting in a division of the species to nine separate taxa. Fourteen new species belonging to three genera are diagnosed, described and illustrated: Dayao emeiensis Yin & Li, sp. n. (Sichuan), Labomimus fimbriatus Yin & Hlaváč, sp. n. (Yunnan), Labomimus jizuensis Yin & Hlaváč, sp. n. (Yunnan), Labomimus simplicipalpus Yin & Hlaváč, sp. n. (Sichuan), Pselaphodes anhuianus Yin & Li, sp. n. (Anhui), Pselaphodes daii Yin & Hlaváč, sp. n. (Sichuan), Pselaphodes grebennikovi Yin & Hlaváč, sp. n. (Yunnan), Pselaphodes hainanensis Yin & Li, sp. n. (Hainan), Pselaphodes kuankuoshuiensis Yin & Li, sp. n. (Guizhou), Pselaphodes longilobus Yin & Hlaváč, sp. n. (Hunbei, Yunnan), Pselaphodes monoceros Yin & Hlaváč, sp. n. (Xizang), Pselaphodes pengi Yin & Li, sp. n. (Sichuan), Pselaphodes tiantongensis Yin & Li, sp. n. (Zhejiang) and Pselaphodes wrasei Yin & Li, sp. n. (Yunnan). Labomimus sichuanicus Hlaváč, Nomura & Zhou (Sichuan) is redescribed and illustrated based on a paratype and the material from the type locality. Two recently described species, Pselaphodes tibialis Yin & Li (Yunnan), and Pselaphodes venustus Yin & Li (Yunnan), are transferred to Labomimus (comb. n.) due to the presence of a median metaventral fovea. New locality data is provided for Pselaphodes aculeus Yin, Li & Zhao (Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan), Pselaphodes maoershanus Yin & Li (Guangxi, Guizhou), Pselaphodes tianmuensis (Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi) and Pselaphodes pectinatus Yin, Li & Zhao (Hainan), with the aedeagus newly illustrated for the latter species.     

Unusual compound zooecia in the trepostome bryozoan Eostenopora from the Devonian of Guizhou,China

Enlarged, ‘compound zooecia’ are described for the first time in a trepostome bryozoan. Several of these zooecia are visible in tangential sections of Eostenopora guizhouensis (Hu) from the Devonian (Eifelian) Houershan Formation of Houershan, Dushan, southern Guizhou, China. They are broad and occupy the space of two or occasionally three or four normal autozooecia. Some have bridging walls extending partway across the enlarged zooecial chamber. Without serial sectioning, the origin of compound zooecia in E. guizhouensis is debatable. However, the existence of irregular gaps in some zooecial walls leads to the hypothesis that compound zooecia originated from the loss by resorption of the skeletal walls between two normal autozooecia. The bridging walls are interpreted as a response by the bryozoan to restore the integrity of the constituent zooecia. By analogy with the ‘Doppelgänger’ zooids of some modern cheilostome bryozoans, compound zooecia of E. guizhouensis may have housed the lophophores of more than one zooid.     

Revision of the Cambrian discoidal animals Stellostomites eumorphus and Pararotadiscus guizhouensis from South China

The discoidal fossils identified as Stellostomites eumorphus Sun & Hou, Rotadiscus grandis Sun & Hou and Rotadiscus guizhouensis Zhao & Zhu are abundant in the Cambrian Chengjiang and Kaili Lagerstätten of southwest China. Reinvestigation of all available specimens of S. eumorphus and R. guizhouensis indicates that S. eumorphus has radiating lobe structures different from those of Eldonia ludwigi Walcott and has one additional set of dorsal radiating canals, and has a distinct central cavity, two characters that are not present in E. ludwigi. R. guizhouensis differs from R. grandis in the morphology of the disc, internal radiating lobes and tentacles. This supports the validity of the genus StellostomitesSun & Hou, 1987, and substantiates the erection of a new genus, Pararotadiscus nov. gen., to receive Rotadiscus guizhouensis Zhao Zhu, 1994. Anatomical and taphonomical analyses indicate that S. eumorphus and P. guizhouensis were gregarious pelagic animals. The new anatomical information emphasize close phylogenetic relations with lophophorates (U-shaped intestine, circumoral tentacles and ectodermal, marginal accreted disc), though some features (e.g. dendritic tentacles, ventral pustules that may relate to reduced podia) do not exclude affinitics with echinoderms.     

Notes on Michael Schülke’s pselaphine collections from China. – Tyrini. II. Genus Megatyrus Hlavá? & Nomura (Coleoptera,Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)

Two new species of the tyrine genus Megatyrus Hlaváč & Nomura, Megatyrus schuelkei Yin & Li, sp. n. (based on two males) and Megatyrus tengchongensis Yin & Li, sp. n. (based on one female), from Yunnan, Southwest China are described, illustrated and distinguished from allied species. The body size, form of maxillary palpi, male and female genital structures, and distributional patterns are used to separate the new species.     

Two new species of Pselaphodes Westwood and new record of Taiwanophodes minor Hlaváč from South China (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)

Two new species, Pselaphodes linae Yin & Li, sp. n. (Hainan, Fujian) and Pselaphodes shii Yin & Li, sp. n. (Hainan) are described from South China. Taiwanophodes minor Hlaváč is reported from outside Taiwan for the first time. Illustrations of major diagnostic features are provided for all treated taxa. The latest key to Chinese Pselaphodes is modified to include the new species.     

Two new species of the genus Doryphorina Melichar, 1912 (Hemiptera,Fulgoromorpha, Dictyopharidae) from China

Two new species of the genus Doryphorina Melichar, 1912, D. conglobatus Zheng, Yang & Chen, sp. n. and D. guizhouensis Zheng, Yang & Chen, sp. n., from China are described and illustrated. A key is given to identify all the known species of Doryphorina.     

Taxonomic study of the genus Halolaguna Gozmány (Lepidoptera,Lecithoceridae) from China,with descriptions of two new species

The genus Halolaguna Gozmány, 1978 is studied in China. Two new species, Halolaguna flabellata sp. n. from Guangxi and Halolaguna discoidea sp. n. from Chongqing, Guangxi and Sichuan are described. The female of Halolaguna guizhouensis Wu, 2012 is reported for the first time. Photographs of adults and genitalia are provided. A checklist of all known Halolaguna species is included, along with a key to the Chinese species.     

A new oryctocephalid trilobite from the Balang Formation (Cambrian Stage 4) of northwestern Hunan,South China,with remarks on the classification of oryctocephalids

A new trilobite, Longaspis paiwuensis n. gen. n. sp., from the Balang Formation (Cambrian Stage 4) in northwestern Hunan, South China, is described. This rare trilobite adds to an expanding taxonomic list of organisms recognized from the Balang Lagerstätte, a deposit of exceptional preservation from the Cambrian. Longaspis paiwuensis is an unusually large-sized, micropygous oryctocephalid trilobite that has proparian facial sutures, pit-like lateral glabellar furrows, up to 17 thoracic segments, and a distinct medial notch in the pygidium; it lacks marginal spines.The classification of the family Oryctocephalidae is reviewed. Three subfamilies are recognized, and Longaspis n. gen. is assigned to the subfamily Oryctocarinae.     

A new Alokistocaridae Resser, 1939 (Trilobita) from the middle Cambrian of Spain

A new trilobite species, Schopfaspis? graciai, from the middle Cambrian of Spain is the first member of Alokistocaridae reported from west Gondwana. A cladistic analysis of this trilobite and other Gondwanan trilobites of possible alokistocarid affinities (Schopfaspis granulosa, Chelidonocephalus anatolicus, Derikaspis toluni, Kounamkites multiformis) suggests that this family can be divided into two subfamilies: Alokistocarinae and Altiocculinae. Schopfaspis? graciai nov. sp. and Schopfaspis granulosa are assigned to the subfamily Altiocculinae laying in a more basal position than Altiocculus species. The cladistic analysis also demonstrates a possible relationship of Chelidonocephalus anatolicus and Derikaspis toluni with Alokistocaridae. Enrolment is analysed in this new trilobite describing novelties in the ventral surface of the cephalon which allowed interlocking of the trunk and cephalon in a discoidal enrolment-type.     

Early Devonian (Lochkovian) trilobites and brachiopods from the west Balkhash Region,Kazakhstan and their significance for regional terrane dynamics

A moderately diverse Early Devonian (Lochkovian) trilobite and brachiopod association has been recovered from the lower part of the volcano-sedimentary Shakshagaily Formation, exposed on the western side of Lake Balkhash in central Kazakhstan. Its discovery demonstrates the presence of Lower Devonian marine deposits in the region. The trilobite assemblage includes representatives of six genera: the dalmanitid Kasachstania alperovichi nov. sp. is the dominant taxon, with other components being Ananaspis?, Leonaspis?, Maurotarion, Trimerus (Edgillia), and Warburgella. Associated brachiopods include species of Glossoleptaena, Leptaena, Protolepstostrophia, Pseudostrophochonetes, and Resserella. Whilst a significant proportion of these taxa show distinct links with the contemporaneous trilobite and brachiopod faunas of the north Balkhash Region, the occurrence of Trimerus (Edgillia) aff. kinglakensis Gill, 1949 suggests a possible link with the Lochkovian trilobite fauna of the Australasian sector of Gondwana. The west Balkhash Region preserves an extensive record of late Silurian to Early Devonian island arc volcanism, slope-rise sedimentation and olistostrome formation, which has invariably been ignored in models favouring early amalgamation of the Kazakhstanian terranes into a single continent by the end of the Ordovician.     

贵州剑河寒武系甲劳组艾苏贝(Nisusia)研究

贵州剑河寒武系甲劳组中发现大量艾苏贝(Nisusia),经鉴定共1属2种(贵州艾苏贝Nisusia guizhouensis、瘤点艾苏贝Nisusia granosa), 1未定种(Nisusia sp.)。其中Nisusia guizhouensis丰度高、保存好,壳体上具明显的壳刺构造,与同区下伏地层凯里组和清虚洞组中已报道的N. guizhouensis有一定区别。定量形态学分析结果显示,从清虚洞组到甲劳组N.guizhouensis的腹壳和背壳的主端和侧缘位置相对向外扩张,壳体前缘部分相对向内收缩,其体腔也相应变小;腹壳的变化略大于背壳,且从凯里组到甲劳组的变化大于清虚洞组到凯里组的变化,但主成分分析(PCA)显示这些差异都属种内差异。这些差异可能是由于不同层位的N. guizhouensis所处的沉积环境差异所致,其壳体形态和特征的变化可能是适应更强水动力环境的结果。本研究丰富了甲劳组腕足动物的组成,为Nisusia系统分类和形态学研究提供新材料,还为腕足动物对环境适应性演化提供了证据。     

A late Rhuddanian (early Llandovery,Silurian) trilobite association from South China and its implications

A recovery trilobite association after the end-Ordovician mass extinction, the ‘Encrinuroides’ Association, is documented from the lower Niuchang Formation (upper Rhuddanian, lower Llandovery, Silurian) of Gaojiang, Meitan, northern Guizhou, South China paleoplate, including 10 genera of eight families. Three subassociations of this association could be differentiated, i.e., ascendingly the ‘Encrinuroides’-Eoleonaspis Subassociation, the ‘Encrinuroides’-Aulacopleura (Paraaulacopleura) Subassociation, and the ‘Encrinuroides’-Meitanillaenus Subassociation. The succession of these subassociations in the section indicates a shallowing upward trend of the environment as a result of regional tectonic activities (i.e., the Qianzhong Uplift) against the background of the Rhuddanian global transgression. A relatively complete trilobite succession in South China across the Ordovician–Silurian transition has been summarized and its implications for the trilobite macroevolution of this particular time interval are discussed in detail.     

Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of a New Hypotrich Ciliate,Pseudourostyla guizhouensis sp. nov. from Southern China,with Notes on a Chinese Population of Hemicycliostyla franzi (Foissner, 1987) Paiva et al., 2012 (Ciliophora,Hypotricha)

The morphology and molecular phylogeny of a soil hypotrich ciliate, Pseudourostyla guizhouensis sp. nov., collected from southern China, were investigated. Pseudourostyla guizhouensis sp. nov. has an elongate elliptical body measuring 180–310 × 65–85 μm in vivo; invariably two right and three or four left marginal rows; six or seven dorsal kineties; adoral zone consisting of 57–70 membranelles; 12–16 frontal cirri, one buccal cirrus, 13–20 midventral pairs, two frontoterminal cirri, two pretransverse cirri, and five to seven transverse cirri. Morphogenesis during physiological regeneration indicates that the marginal rows of each side originate from a common anlage that differentiates into several rows. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on SSU rDNA sequence data reveals that P. guizhouensis sp. nov. clusters with the type species P. cristata (Jerka‐Dziadosz, 1964) Borror, 1972 and that the genus Pseudourostyla is monophyletic. The morphological characters of another soil hypotrich ciliate, Hemicycliostyla franzi (Foissner, 1987) Paiva et al., 2012, are also described based on a Chinese (Guizhou) population.     

A new late Katian (Late Ordovician) trilobite association from Zhenxiong,northeastern Yunnan,Southwest China and its palaeoecological implications

A new late Katian (Late Ordovician) trilobite association is documented from the Daduhe Formation in Zhenxiong, northeastern Yunnan, including 17 species of 15 genera, among which four species (Malongullia sinensis, M. zhenxiongensis, Taklamakania paucisegmentatus and Amphitryon constrictus) are new. Lithologic and faunal evidence enables the recognition of a new association with medium diversity, named the Taklamakania Association. It is a typical representative of the Raphiophorid Community that lived in a deep subtidal environment close to the anoxic basin. A total of five trilobite ecological associations were found to occur in South China during the late Katian, in relation to the environmental gradients ranging from shallow subtidal zone, deep subtidal zone, slope to dysoxic shaly basin.     

Potential Global Standard Stratotype-section and Point (GSSP) for a Cambrian stage boundary defined by the first appearance of the trilobite Ptychagnostus atavus, Drum Mountains, Utah, USA

The base of the Ptychagnostus (or Acidusus) atavus Zone is one of the most clearly recognizable horizons on an intercontinental scale in the Cambrian System, and would serve as an excellent position for the base of a new stage-level chronostratigraphic subdivision. Among well-exposed, readily accessible sections in Laurentia, the “Stratotype Ridge” section, Drum Mountains, western Utah, USA, is perhaps the most suitable for a Global Standard Stratotype-section and Point (GSSP) defined by the first appearance datum (FAD) of the cosmopolitan agnostoid trilobite P. atavus. In the “Stratotype Ridge” section, the FAD of P. atavus occurs near the base of a calcisiltite bed 62 m above the base of the Wheeler Formation. A position corresponding closely to this horizon can be recognized with precision in Gondwana, Siberia, Kazakhstan, and Baltica using a combination of stratigraphic tools, the most useful of which are trilobite biostratigraphy, conodont biostratigraphy, and sequence stratigraphy. Brachiopod biostratigraphy and chemostratigraphy provide general constraints on the position of the horizon intercontinentally.     

A new species of Tangius from north India (Coleoptera,?Staphylinidae,Pselaphinae)

Tangius indicus sp. n. (Batrisitae: Batrisini) is described and illustrated from the Indian States of Meghalaya (Khasi Hills, type locality) and West Bengal (Darjeeling). Specimens of the new species are similar to those of the recently described T. glabellus Yin & Li from Tibet, Southwest China, and can be separated only by minor differences of the male features.     

Two new species and new record of Batricavus Yin & Li (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae) from China

Two new species, Batricavus abdominalis Yin & Li, sp. n. and Batricavus hainanensis Yin & Li, sp. n. are described from Hainan, South China, with male habitus and major diagnostic features illustrated. Batricavus tibialis Yin & Li is newly recorded from Zhejiang, East China. Keys to both sexes of the genus are included.     

A new species of Diartiger Sharp (Staphylinidae,Pselaphinae, Clavigeritae) from the Fengyangshan – Baishanzu Nature Reserve,East China

A new clavigerine pselaphine, Diartiger zhejiangensis Yin & Li, sp. n., from the Fengyangshan – Baishanzu Nature Reserve, southern Zhejiang, is described, illustrated, and compared with congeners. The species is hosted by ants in the genus Lasius. The key to Diartiger species from China is modified to accommodate the new species.