WWOX蛋白在胰腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨WWOX蛋白在胰腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法应用免疫组织化学孓P法检测人胰腺癌组织芯片150芯（包括70例胰腺癌组织和5例胰腺炎）中WWOX蛋白的表达,采用HPIAS-1000图文报告管理系统对WWOX蛋白的表达进行定量分析,并用SPSS11．5软件对各组免疫组织化学反应阳性颗粒的平均光密度、阳性面积率做单因素方差分析和SNK（q）检验。结果胰腺癌组织中WWOX蛋白呈低表达,胰腺炎组织中WWOX蛋白呈高表达。结论提示WWOX基因表达下调可能在胰腺癌的发生、发展中起了重要作用。     

EZH2和CBX7在皮肤血管瘤中的异常表达及意义

目的探讨EZH2和CBX7在血管瘤中的的异常表达及临床意义。方法收集武汉大学人民医院病理科2005年9月一2009年12月皮肤毛细血管瘤存档蜡块50例,其中男性25例,女性25例。采用免疫组织化学S-P法检测50例皮肤血管瘤增生期、退化期及正常皮肤组织中EZH2和CBX7的表达水平,采用图像分析系统对EZH2和CBX7的表达进行定量分析,并用SPSS13．0软件对各组免疫组织化学反应阳性颗粒的平均光密度、阳性面积率做单因素方差分析和SNK（q）检验。结果增生期血管瘤血管内皮细胞中可见密集分布的棕黄色颗粒,EZH2和CBX7呈高表达,退化组及正常皮肤组血管内皮细胞中可见少量的棕黄色颗粒,EZH2和CBX7表达弱。增生期组EZH2和CBX7的表达明显高于退化期组和正常皮肤组（P〈0．05）,而后两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论EZH2和CBX7在血管瘤增生期均上调表达,表明EZH2和CBX7均与血管瘤内皮细胞的增殖密切相关。     

皮肤血管瘤组织中Bcl-2的表达及意义

目的探讨Bcl-2在血管瘤不同时期的表达状况及其意义.方法采用免疫组织化学方法检测人皮肤血管瘤增生期、退化期及正常皮肤组织中Bcl-2的表达水平,并结合Ⅷ因子相关抗原的免疫组织化学染色证实表达Bcl-2的细胞是血管内皮细胞.利用计算机图像分析技术测量不同时期血管瘤组织和正常皮肤组织Bcl-2表达的平均光密度和平均阳性面积.结果 Bcl-2在增生期血管瘤内皮细胞的表达明显高于退化期血管瘤内皮细胞和正常皮肤组织血管内皮细胞(P＜0.01;Bcl-2在退化期血管瘤内皮细胞的表达与正常皮肤组织血管内皮细胞相比,差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论 Bcl-2参与了血管瘤的发生、发展和退化.Bcl-2通过抑制内皮细胞凋亡而促进血管瘤的增生.     

c-Myc在人皮肤血管瘤不同时期的表达及意义

目的探讨c-myc在血管瘤发生、发展及退化过程中的表达状况及意义.方法采用免疫组织化学(S-P法),检测人血管瘤增生期、退化期及正常皮肤组织血管内皮细胞c-myc的表达水平,利用计算机图像分析技术检测不同时期血管瘤和正常皮肤组织c-myc染色的阳性面积率和平均光密度.结果增生期血管瘤内皮细胞c-myc表达水平明显高于退化期及正常皮肤组织,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01);退化期与正常皮肤组织血管内皮细胞c-myc表达水平差异无显著性意义(P>0.05).结论 c-myc通过促进血管内皮细胞增殖在血管瘤的发生和发展过程中起重要作用.     

转录因子FOXP1在胃癌组织中的表达及意义

目的:检测FOXP1蛋白在胃癌组织及癌旁正常组织中的表达情况,并探讨其与胃癌患者病理参数及预后的关系。方法:采用免疫组织化学染色方法检测90例胃癌组织和相应癌旁正常组织中FOXP1的表达情况并进行评分,进一步统计分析FOXP1表达与胃癌患者临床病理参数以及预后的关系。结果:FOXP1在胃癌组织中的表达显著低于癌旁正常组织(P0.01);对临床资料进行统计分析表明,在临床III期和IV期患者的胃癌组织中FOXP1的表达显著低于临床I期和II期的患者(P0.05);FOXP1在低分化胃癌中的表达显著低于高、中分化胃癌(P0.01);FOXP1表达阳性者术后总体生存率较表达阴性者高(P=0.145),中位生存期长。结论:FOXP1表达的减少可能参与了胃癌的发生发展,FOXP1在胃癌中可能扮演抑癌基因的角色,FOXP1可作为胃癌治疗的潜在靶点。     

Tiaml和Rac1在皮肤血管瘤组织中的表达及意义

目的 探讨Tiaml和Rac1在人皮肤血管瘤组织中的表达及其临床意义.方法 收集武汉大学人民医院病理科2008年-2011年皮肤毛细血管瘤存档蜡块40例,其中男性15例,女性25例.采用免疫组织化学S-P法检测40例皮肤血管瘤增生期、退化期及正常皮肤组织Tiaml和Rac1表达水平,采用HPIAS-1000图文报告管理系统对Tiaml和Rac1的表达进行定量分析,并用SPSS11.5软件对各组免疫组织化学反应阳性颗粒的平均光密度、阳性面积率做单因素方差分析和SNK（q）检验.结果 （1）增生期血管瘤血管内皮细胞中可见密集分布的棕黄色颗粒,Tiaml呈高表达,正常皮肤组及退化组血管内皮细胞中可见少量的棕黄色颗粒,Tiaml呈低表达.增生期组Tiaml的表达明显高于退化期组和正常皮肤组（P〈0.05）,而后两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.（2）增生期血管瘤血管内皮细胞中可见密集分布的棕黄色颗粒,Rac1呈高表达,正常皮肤组及退化组血管内皮细胞中可见少量的棕黄色颗粒,Rac1呈低表达.增生期组Rac1的表达明显高于退化期组和正常皮肤组（P〈0.05）,而后两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.结论 Tiaml和Rac1在血管瘤增生期均呈高表达,表明Tiaml和Rac1在血管瘤的发生和发展中起了重要作用.     

Bax在人皮肤血管瘤不同时期的表达及意义

目的　探讨Bax在血管瘤发生、发展及退化过程中的表达状况及其意义。方法　采用免疫组织化学方法(S P法 )检测人皮肤血管瘤增生期、退化期及正常皮肤组织中Bax的表达水平 ,并结合第Ⅷ因子相关抗原的免疫组织化学染色证实表达Bax的细胞是血管内皮细胞。利用计算机图像分析技术测量不同时期血管瘤组织和正常皮肤组织Bax表达的平均光密度和平均阳性面积。结果　Bax在上述三组中的表达有显著性差异 (P <0 0 1)。Bax在血管瘤退化期的表达高于增生期 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 1)。退化期血管瘤内皮细胞Bax表达水平高于增生期 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 1) ,增生期血管瘤内皮细胞Bax表达水平高于正常皮肤组织 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　Bax于血管瘤增生晚期就开始表达 ;至血管瘤退化期 ,Bax的表达达到高峰。这提示Bax这种促进细胞凋亡的蛋白参与血管瘤的增生与退化过程 ,Bax可能是引起血管瘤退化的重要因素之一。     

Cyclin B1蛋白在血管瘤组织中的表达

目的　检测CyclinB1蛋白在皮肤血管瘤组织中的表达 ,探讨CyclinB1在血管瘤发生、发展中的作用及意义。方法　采用免疫组织化学S P法检测增生期血管瘤、退化期血管瘤及正常皮肤组织 (各 2 0例 )中CyclinB1蛋白的表达。结果　在增生期血管瘤、退化期血管瘤和正常皮肤组组织中 ,CyclinB1蛋白免疫组织化学阳性反应颗粒的平均光密度分别为 :0 14 6± 0 0 16 ,0 0 79± 0 0 18,0 0 6 8± 0 0 2 1;阳性面积率分别为 :0 5 38± 0 0 6 5 ,0 2 0 4± 0 0 79,0 176±0 0 5 4。增生期血管瘤与退化期血管瘤、正常皮肤组分别相比 ,CyclinB1蛋白阳性表达的平均光密度和阳性面积率均有极显著性差异 (P <0 0 0 1) ,退化期血管瘤与正常皮肤组之间 ,CyclinB1蛋白阳性表达的差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　Cy clinB1蛋白在血管瘤发生发展和毛细血管内皮细胞的异常过度增生中起着重要的作用。     

P73蛋白在血管瘤组织中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨P73蛋白在血管瘤组织中的表达及在血管瘤发生、发展中的作用.方法采用免疫组织化学S-P法分别检测(各20例)增生期血管瘤、退化期血管瘤、正常皮肤组织中P73蛋白的表达,并用HPIAS-2000多媒体彩色病理图像分析系统定量分析、比较P73蛋白在增生期血管瘤、退化期血管瘤和正常皮肤组织中的表达.结果在增生期血管瘤、退化期血管瘤和正常皮肤,P73蛋白免疫组化阳性反应颗粒的平均光密度分别为:6.408±2.151,1.073±0.516,0.953±0.120;阳性面积率分别为:0.184±0.015,0.098±0.014,0.087±0.012.增生期血管瘤与退化期血管瘤、正常皮肤组分别相比,P73蛋白阳性表达的平均光密度和阳性面积率有显著性差异(P<0.001 ) ,消退期血管瘤与正常皮肤组之间,P73蛋白阳性表达的无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论 P73蛋白在血管瘤发生发展和毛细血管内皮细胞的异常过度增生中起着重要的作用.     

Bmi-1和EZH2基因在皮肤血管瘤组织中的表达及意义

目的探讨Bmi-1和EZH2基因在血管瘤组织中的表达及其意义。方法收集武汉大学人民医院病理科2008年-2011年皮肤毛细血管瘤存档蜡块40例,其中男性15例,女性25例。采用免疫组织化学S～P法检测40例皮肤血管瘤增生期、退化期及正常皮肤组织Bmi-1和EZH2基因表达水平,采用HPIAS-1000图文报告管理系统对Bmi-l和EZH2基因的表达进行定量分析,并用SPSSll．5软件对各组免疫组织化学反应阳性颗粒的平均光密度、阳性面积率做单因素方差分析和SNK（q）检验。结果（1）Bmi-1的表达增生期血管瘤血管内皮细胞中可见密集分布的棕黄色颗粒,Bmi-1呈高表达,正常皮肤组及退化组血管内皮细胞中可见少量的棕黄色颗粒,Bmi-1呈低表达。增生期组Bmi-1的表达明显高于退化期组和正常皮肤组（P〈0．05）,而后两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。（2）EZH2的表达增生期血管瘤血管内皮细胞中可见密集分布的棕黄色颗粒,EZH2呈高表达,正常皮肤组及退化组血管内皮细胞中可见少量的棕黄色颗粒,EZH2呈低表达。增生期组EZH2的表达明显高于退化期组和正常皮肤组（P〈o．05）,而后两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论Bmi-1和EZH2基因在血管瘤增生期均呈高表达,表明Bmi-1和EZH2基因均参与了血管瘤的发生和发展。     

WWOX protein expression in normal human tissues

WWOX is a putative tumor suppressor gene that spans approximately a 1 Mb genomic region and is the site for the second most common chromosomal fragile site, FRA16D at 16q23. Various studies have focused on the expression of WWOX in human cancer mostly at the RNA level, but little is known about the normal pattern of WWOX protein expression in non-neoplastic tissues. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of WWOX protein expression in normal tissues was performed by means of immunohistochemistry utilizing a very specific anti-WWOX polyclonal antibody. We analyzed tissue cores of human samples representing more than 30 organs, using various tissue microarray (TMA) slides. Due to the potential role of WWOX in sex-steroid metabolism, whole sections from hormonally regulated organs like breast, ovaries, testes and prostate were also analyzed. The results from our study indicate that WWOX is preferentially highly expressed in secretory epithelial cells of reproductive, endocrine and exocrine organs, as well as in ductal epithelial cells from specific segments of the urinary system. Interestingly, we also observed significant WWOX protein expression in various cell types of neural origin including neurons, ependymal cells and astrocytes. No expression of WWOX was detected in adipose, connective, and lymphoid tissues, myelinized structures and blood vessels. By better defining the topographic distribution of WWOX in normal tissues this study provides some insight on the potential physiological role of this novel protein.     

Alteration of WWOX in human cancer,a clinical view

WWOX gene is located in FRA16D, the highly affected chromosomal fragile site. Its tumor suppressor activity has been proposed on a basis of numerous genomic alterations reported in chromosome 16q23.3–24.1 locus. WWOX is affected in many cancers, showing as high as 80% loss of heterozygosity in breast tumors. Unlike most tumor suppressors impairing of both alleles of WWOX is very rare. Despite cellular and animal models information on a WWOX role in cancer tissue is limited and sometimes confusing. This review summarizes information on WWOX in human tumors.     

抑癌基因WWOX和FHIT在膀胱尿路上皮癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨抑癌基因包含WW域的氧化还原酶(WWOX)和脆性组氨酸三联体(FHIT)在膀胱尿路上皮癌中的表达及临床意义。方法收集武汉大学人民医院病理科2006-2009年有完整临床和病理资料的膀胱尿路上皮癌存档蜡块50例和5例癌旁组织,采用免疫组织化学S-P法检测50例膀胱尿路上皮癌和5例癌旁组织中WWOX和FHIT的表达水平。采用HPIAS-1000高清晰度彩色病理图文报告管理系统,对WWOX和FHIT的表达进行定量分析,并用SPSS13.0软件对各组免疫组织化学反应阳性颗粒的平均光密度、阳性面积率做单因素方差分析和SNK(q)检验。结果 WWOX和FHIT的表达在膀胱尿路上皮癌中呈低表达,癌旁组织中呈高表达。膀胱尿路上皮癌与癌旁组织相比,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论 WWOX和FHIT在膀胱尿路上皮癌中的低表达是膀胱尿路上皮癌发生过程中的早期表现,通过联合检测可预测膀胱尿路上皮癌的预后。     

抑癌基因p53 在肝癌组织中的异常表达及临床意义

目的:探讨抑癌基因p53在肝癌组织中表达及临床意义,为肝癌的治疗提供新的思路。方法:回顾性分析了2006年1月～2009年8月收治的40例肝癌患者的临床资料,采用免疫组织化学法测定肝癌组织、癌旁组织和正常组织中抑癌基因p53的表达,并分析不同肿瘤分化程度患者p53的表达。结果:p53阳性表达率在在肝癌组、癌旁组分别为47.5%和2.5%,在正常组未检测到p53阳性表达,三组之间比较有显著性差异(x2=6.515,P=0.024);高分化癌P53蛋白阳性表达率低,中低分化癌P53蛋白阳性表达率高,组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05),中、低分化组之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在肝癌组织中存在p53基因的高表达,其阳性表达与肿瘤分化程度有关。     

The fragile site WWOX gene and the developing brain

WWOX was cloned as a tumor suppressor gene mapping to chromosomal fragile site FRA16D. Loss of WWOX is closely related to tumorigenesis, cancer progression, and therapy resistance. Recent studies demonstrate the growing role of WWOX gene in other human pathologies such as metabolic and nervous system-related conditions. The neurologic phenotype of WWOX mutation includes seizures, ataxia, developmental delay, and spasticity of variable severity. WWOX is a ubiquitous protein with high expression in many tissues including brain, cerebellum, brain stem, and spinal cord. WWOX is highly expressed in different brain regions during murine fetal development and remained unchanged in the cortex and the corpus callosum in adult mice. The mechanism or the putative role of WWOX in the nervous system is still unclear but may include abnormal signaling protein, disruption of neuronal pathways, neuronal differentiation, mitochondrial dysfunction, or apoptosis. Homozygous mutations affecting WWOX in humans are likely to be more described in the future using exome sequencing. The described findings highlight that WWOX plays a critical role in normal central nervous system development and disease.The aim of this review is to summarize the roles of WWOX in the developing brain.     

Pleiotropic Functions of Tumor Suppressor WWOX in Normal and Cancer Cells

WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX), originally marked as a likely tumor suppressor gene, has over the years become recognized for its role in a much wider range of cellular activities. Phenotypic effects displayed in animal studies, along with resolution of WWOX''s architecture, fold, and binding partners, point to the protein''s multifaceted biological functions. Results from a series of complementary experiments seem to indicate WWOX''s involvement in metabolic regulation. More recently, clinical studies involving cases of severe encephalopathy suggest that WWOX also plays a part in controlling CNS development, further expanding our understanding of the breadth and complexity of WWOX behavior. Here we present a short overview of the various approaches taken to study this dynamic gene, emphasizing the most recent findings regarding WWOX''s metabolic- and CNS-associated functions and their underlying molecular basis.     

WWOX suppresses prostate cancer cell progression through cyclin D1-mediated cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase

WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) has been reported to be a tumor suppressor in multiple cancers, including prostate cancer. WWOX can induce apoptotic responses to inhibit tumor progression, and the other mechanisms of WWOX in tumor suppression have also been reported recently. In this study, we found significant down-regulation of WWOX in prostate cancer specimens and prostate cancer cell lines compared with the normal controls. In addition, an ectopically increased WWOX expression repressed tumor progression both in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, overexpression of WWOX in 22Rv1 cells led to cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase but did not affect sub-G1 in flow cytometry. GFP-WWOX overexpressed 22Rv1 cells were shown to inhibit cell cycle progression into mitosis under nocodazole treatment in flow cytometry, immunoblotting and GFP fluorescence. Further, cyclin D1 but not apoptosis correlated genes were down-regulated by WWOX both in vitro and in vivo. Restoration of cyclin D1 in the WWOX-overexpressed 22Rv1 cells could abolish the WWOX-mediated tumor repression. In addition, WWOX impair c-Jun-mediated cyclin D1 promoter activity. These results suggest that WWOX inhibits prostate cancer progression through negatively regulating cyclin D1 in cell cycle lead to G1 arrest. In summary, our data reveal a novel mechanism of WWOX in tumor suppression.