FZD10在骨肉瘤组织中的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨骨肉瘤组织中FZD10的表达及其临床意义。方法：用S-P免疫组织化学染色法对69例骨肉瘤及35例骨软骨瘤中FZD10蛋白的表达进行检测,并对其与骨肉瘤临床病理及预后的关系进行统计学分析。结果：FZD10在骨肉瘤和骨软骨瘤组织中阳性表达率分别为89.9%和5.7%,P〈0.01。FZD10蛋白表达与Enneking分期和Price分级呈正相关,与WHO分型和预后相关。结论：骨肉瘤FZD10蛋白的表达与肿瘤恶性程度密切相关,对骨肉瘤诊断和预后评估具有重要价值。     

FZD10 在骨肉瘤组织中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨骨肉瘤组织中FZD10的表达及其临床意义。方法:用S-P免疫组织化学染色法对69例骨肉瘤及35例骨软骨瘤中FZD10蛋白的表达进行检测,并对其与骨肉瘤临床病理及预后的关系进行统计学分析。结果:FZD10在骨肉瘤和骨软骨瘤组织中阳性表达率分别为89.9%和5.7%,P<0.01。FZD10蛋白表达与Enneking分期和Price分级呈正相关,与WHO分型和预后相关。结论:骨肉瘤FZD10蛋白的表达与肿瘤恶性程度密切相关,对骨肉瘤诊断和预后评估具有重要价值。     

Sox2在骨肉瘤组织中的表达及其临床病理意义

目的研究Sox2在临床骨肉瘤标本中表达,并探讨其表达与肿瘤的生物学特征及临床预后的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学Maxvision检测Sox2蛋白在54例人骨肉瘤标本的表达,12例骨化性肌炎作为正常对照。结果骨肉瘤标本中Sox2阳性表达率为20.69%(12/58),而在骨化性肌炎中Sox2阳性表达率为0%(0/12),Sox2在骨肉瘤标本中的阳性率显著高于对照组骨化性肌炎(P0.01)。Sox2的表达与骨肉瘤临床Enneking分期有关(P0.05),与患者的年龄、性别、部位、组织学类型等其它临床病理因素无关(P0.05)。结论 Sox2可能在骨肉瘤的发生、发展和转移中发挥重要作用,提示Sox2的表达可考虑作为骨肉瘤临床评价生物学行为及判断预后的指标之一。     

AKT和PTEN在骨肉瘤中表达的相关研究

目的探讨骨肉瘤中AKT和PTEN表达的意义及其临床价值。方法采用免疫组织化学SABC法检测48例骨肉瘤、15例骨软骨瘤标本中AKT、PTEN表达的阳性细胞。结果AKT的阳性表达率在骨肉瘤中为87.5%,在骨软骨瘤中为33.3%,两者比较有显著差异(P<0.05);PTEN的阳性表达率在骨肉瘤中为41.7%,在骨软骨瘤中为86.7%,两者差异显著(P<0.01);在骨肉瘤中,AKT与PTEN呈负相关(r=-0.453,P<0.05)。AKT蛋白表达在有肿瘤复发、肺转移的骨肉瘤中的表达高于无复发及无肺转移的骨肉瘤(P<0.05),而PTEN则相反(P<0.05)。两者的表达均与年龄、性别、肿瘤的大小无关(P>0.05)。结论AKT蛋白的表达在骨肉瘤发生发展中起重要作用,PTEN则可抑制这一作用过程。     

Nucleostemin基因在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达及意义

目的探讨Nucleostemin(NS,核干细胞因子)基因在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)组织中的表达及临床意义。方法利用RT-PCR法检测13对NSCLC组织和癌旁正常组织中NS mRNA的表达;采用免疫组织化学SP法检测73例NSCLC组织和13例癌旁正常组织中NS蛋白的表达,并分析与NSCLC患者临床病理特征的关系。结果 NSCLC组织中NS mRNA相对表达强度(0.848±0.305)显著高于癌旁正常组织(0.153±0.020)(t=8.712,P0.01)。NS蛋白在NSCLC中的表达率为58.9%(43/73)显著高于癌旁正常组织中的表达率0%(0/13)(χ2=15.315,P0.01)。NS蛋白的表达率与NSCLC的组织类型及分化程度相关,腺癌组织的表达率为76.5%(26/34)明显高于鳞癌组织的表达率43.6%(17/39)(χ2=8.113,P0.01);低分化组织的表达率81.5%(22/27)明显高于高、中分化组织的表达率45.7%(21/46)(χ2=9.023,P0.01),而与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、TNM分期及淋巴结转移无关(P0.05)。结论 NS基因mRNA及蛋白在NSCLC组织中高表达,对肿瘤细胞的恶性增殖起了重要作用,是一个新的有应用价值的肿瘤分子标志物。     

WNT6基因在原发性骨肉瘤组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的:骨肉瘤是最常见的恶性骨肿瘤之一,好发于青少年,致残致死率高.因此,骨肉瘤的早期诊断、治疗及其发病原因和机制已成为现阶段骨肉瘤研究领域的主要方向之一.通过观察WNT6在骨肉瘤组织中的表达,探讨其在原发性骨肉瘤发生发展中的可能作用机制,为以WNT6为指标对原发性骨肉瘤的诊断和以WNT6为靶点进行原发性骨肉瘤生物学治疗提供理论依据.方法:收集70例原发性骨肉瘤、28例骨样骨瘤和25例骨软骨瘤标本的存档蜡块,应用SP免疫组织化学染色法检测组织中WNT6蛋白的表达情况,并应用统计学处理数据分析其与骨肉瘤临床病理参数及预后的关系.结果:WNT6在原发性骨肉瘤、骨样骨瘤和骨软骨瘤组织中的阳性表达率分别为90.00 ％(63/70)、14.29 ％(4/28)和12.00 ％(3/25).骨样骨瘤组织WNT6阳性表达率与骨软骨瘤组织相比差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);原发性骨肉瘤组织WNT6阳性表达率明显高于骨样骨瘤组织和骨软骨瘤组织,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).WNT6在骨肉瘤组织中的表达与Enneking分期、肺转移和预后呈正相关关系.结论:WNT6在原发性骨肉瘤中的表达明显上调,WNT6表达与骨肉瘤的Enneking分期、年龄、肺转移等相关,同时WNT6高表达患者生存率降低,对骨肉瘤的诊断和预后评估具有重要价值,并在临床可能成为一个诊断原发性骨肉瘤的检测指标,为骨肉瘤的生物学治疗提供新的靶点.     

Wnt5a、Ror2在骨肉瘤中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨骨肉瘤组织中Wnt5a、Ror2表达。方法:免疫组织化学法检测Wnt5a、Ror2在实验组55例骨肉瘤和对照组15例骨软骨瘤组织标本中的表达。结果:Wnt5a、Ror2在骨肉瘤组的表达均明显高于骨软骨瘤组(Wnt5a:74.55%、20.00%,Ror2:13.33%、70.91%,P0.05)。Wnt5a、Ror2在骨肉瘤出现转移的表达明显高于未转移(Wnt5a:100%、66.67%,Ror2:100%、61.90%,P0.05),在骨肉瘤Enneking分期中,Wnt5aⅠ期11.11%,Ⅱ期84.38%,Ⅲ期100.00%,Ror2Ⅰ期22.22%,Ⅱ期72.73%,Ⅲ期100.00%,Ⅰ期与Ⅱ期间和Ⅰ期与Ⅲ期间差异皆有统计学意义(P0.05),而Ⅱ期与Ⅲ期间差异皆无统计学意义(P0.05),Wnt5a、Ror2两者之间的表达呈正相关分布(骨肉瘤组:r=0.844,P0.01;骨软骨瘤组:r=0.808,P0.01),但在骨肉瘤患者性别、年龄以及骨肉瘤病理分型组中表达无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:Wnt5a、Ror2在骨肉瘤中存在高度表达,可能具有促癌作用,并与其恶性程度和侵袭转移有关,二者协同作用。     

ROR2在骨肉瘤细胞和组织中的表达及其意义

目的：研究ROR2在骨肉瘤细胞及组织中的表达情况,探讨其表达的临床意义。方法：使用Western-blotting实验方法检测骨肉瘤及骨软骨瘤新鲜原发灶标本中ROR2表达情况;使用免疫组化方法检测骨肉瘤及骨软骨瘤原发灶标本中ROR2表达情况并结合临床资料了解其临床意义;使用RT-PCR实验方法检验SaoS-2骨肉瘤细胞中ROR2mRNA表达情况。结果：①通过免疫组织化学的方法检测骨肉瘤标本ROR2阳性表达率为70.91%,骨软骨瘤标本ROR2阳性表达率为20.00%,两者阳性表达率有显著性差异（x2=12.73 P〈0.05）。②Western-blotting实验检测新鲜骨软骨瘤和新鲜骨肉瘤组织中ROR2蛋白表达有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。③RT-PCR实验检测SaoS-2骨肉瘤细胞株中ROR2基因表达阳性。④检测在有转移的骨肉瘤患者标本中ROR2的阳性表达率为100.00%,在无肿瘤转移患者标本中阳性表达率为61.91%,两者表达阳性率有显著性差异（x2=5.26 P〈0.05）。⑤ROR2在骨肉瘤Enneking分期Ⅰ期表达阳性率为22.22%（2/9）,Ⅱ期表达阳性率为72.73%（24/33）,Ⅲ期表达阳性率为100.00%（13/13）。Ⅰ期与Ⅱ期间有显著性差异（x2=5.66 P〈0.05）,Ⅰ期与Ⅲ期间有显著性差异（x2=11.46 P〈0.05）,而Ⅱ期与Ⅲ期间无显著性差异（x2=2.85 P〉0.05）。结论：ROR2蛋白和基因在骨肉瘤组织及细胞中有较强表达。鉴于ROR2对于骨骼发育的影响及其通过WNT信号通路调节成骨细胞增殖及分化的生物学特点使得我们怀疑ROR2可能在骨肉瘤的发生发展过程中具有一定的作用,其可能促进了骨肉瘤的发生发展及恶性生物学行为。     

Nucleostemin基因在卵巢上皮性肿瘤的表达及与病理分型的关系

目的：研究核干细胞因子Nucleostemin（NS）基因在卵巢上皮性肿瘤中的表达,探讨其与肿瘤病理分型的关系。方法：采用RT-PCR及Western blot检测36例卵巢癌组织手术标本,32例卵巢良性上皮肿瘤组织手术标本,12例正常卵巢组织标本中Nu-cleostemin基因及相应蛋白的表达,采用分组对照的方法对比3组样本中NS基因及蛋白的表达情况,并进行相对定量研究。采用统计学方法检测NS基因的表达是否与临床病理分级及血清CA125存在关联。结果：①卵巢癌组织中NS的阳性表达率显著高于良性肿瘤组织及正常卵巢组织;②卵巢癌组织中,淋巴结转移组NS的表达水平高于未转移组;③临床分期Ⅲ期组的表达水平高于ⅠB期组;④中、低分化组的表达水平高于高分化组。结论：卵巢癌组织中存在NS基因的高表达,其表达量与组织类型无关,而与临床TNM分期及组织分级正相关。     

Nucleostemin与MDM2在肺腺癌组织中的表达及意义

核干细胞因子(Nucleostemin,NS)是细胞增殖的调节因子,在肺腺癌组织中的表达及与鼠双微染色体2(murine double minute 2,MDM2)表达的相关性不清楚.通过反转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测22对肺腺癌和癌旁正常组织NS mRNA的表达;应用免疫组织化学SP法检测45例肺腺癌和22例癌旁正常组织NS与MDM2蛋白的表达,分析其相关性及意义.研究发现,肺腺癌组织中NS mRNA的相对表达强度明显高于癌旁正常组织(P0.01).NS和MDM2蛋白在肺腺癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为73.3%(33/45)、57.8%(26/45),而癌旁正常组织中无阳性表达(P0.01).二者的阳性表达均与组织学分级相关(P0.05),并且表达呈正相关(P0.05),而与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、TNM分期及淋巴结转移无关(P0.05).结果表明NS基因的高表达对肺腺癌细胞的恶性增殖发挥了重要作用,可能是通过p53通路对细胞周期影响所实现的.     

核干细胞因子在食管癌组织中的表达及意义

目的:探讨核干细胞因子在食管癌组织中的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系.方法:采用免疫组织化学法检测50例食管癌组织及癌旁组织中核干细胞因子蛋白表达,并分析核干细胞因子与临床病理特征的相关性,随机收集30例食管癌患者的癌组织及癌旁组织,采用荧光定量PCR方法方法检测核干细胞因子mRNA表达情况;结果:免疫组化分析表明,核干细胞因子蛋白在食管癌中阳性表达率为92.0％(46/50).癌旁组织中核干细胞因子表达阳性率为16.0％(8/50),差异有显著性(P＜0.05);核干细胞因子阳性表达率与患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤大小及淋巴结转移无关,与肿瘤的分化程度有关(P＜0.05);荧光定量PCR结果显示,食管癌组织中核干细胞因子mRNA表达水平明显高于癌旁正常对照组织.结论:核干细胞因子在食管癌的发生、发展中起着重要作用,可以作为反映食管癌生物学行为的有效指标.     

Nucleostemin和HDAC1在卵巢肿瘤中的表达及意义

目的:研究核干细胞因子(Nucleostemin, NS)和组蛋白去乙酰化酶1(HDAC1)在卵巢肿瘤及正常卵巢组织中的表达,并分析其表达与临床指标的关系及两者间的表达相关性。方法:选择2010年至2017年我院卵巢石蜡标本60例,其中卵巢肿瘤50例,正常卵巢组织10例。应用免疫组化法检测NS与HDAC1的表达,并分析它们与年龄、肿瘤分期等临床指标的相关性。结果:在30例卵巢恶性肿瘤、10例卵巢交界性肿瘤、10例卵巢良性肿瘤组织中,NS表达的阳性率分别为93.3%、40%、20%,HDAC1的阳性率分别为90%、60%、20%。在正常卵巢组织中未见NS及HDAC1表达。在卵巢恶性肿瘤组中,NS和HDAC1的阳性表达率显著高于其他三组(P0.05),两者表达呈正相关(r=0.56, P0.05),且均与分化程度呈负相关(r=-0.76, P0.001; r=-0.53, P0.01),而与患者年龄、术前血清CA125水平、临床分期和病理类型无关。结论:NS和HDAC1倾向于卵巢恶性肿瘤中表达,且与卵巢恶性肿瘤的分化程度负相关。     

Nucleostemin: A latecomer with new tricks

Nucleostemin was first identified in neural stem cells and has become a focus of research in cell cycle control, tumorigenesis and cellular senescence. As the biology of nucleostemin begins to be unveiled in multiple species, an ensuing task is to resolve the apparent differences between the functions of mammalian and invertebrate nucleostemin and its homologues, an issue of pressing interest given the role of nucleostemin in stem cell self-renewal and tissue regeneration. A genome-wide search reveals that nucleostemin and its closest homologue, GNL3L, only emerge as separate genes in vertebrates and possess conserved protein sequences as evolution proceeded to the Mammalia. The invertebrate orthologue of nucleostemin and GNL3L resembles GNL3L more than it does nucleostemin in function, raising the idea that nucleostemin acquires new properties while GNL3L inherits an evolutionarily fixed role, and that the birth of nucleostemin may signify the appearance of new functional features in the vertebrate lineage.     

Nucleostemin is indispensable for the maintenance and genetic stability of hematopoietic stem cells

Nucleostemin is a nucleolar protein known to play a variety of roles in cell-cycle progression, apoptosis inhibition, and DNA damage protection in embryonic stem cells and tissue stem cells. However, the role of nucleostemin in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is yet to be determined. Here, we identified an indispensable role of nucleostemin in mouse HSCs. Depletion of nucleostemin using short hairpin RNA strikingly impaired the self-renewal activity of HSCs both in vitro and in vivo. Consistently, nucleostemin depletion triggered apoptosis rather than cell-cycle arrest in HSCs. Furthermore, DNA damage accumulated during cultivation upon depletion of nucleostemin. The impaired self-renewal activity of HSCs induced by nucleostemin depletion was partially rescued by p53 deficiency but not by p16^Ink4a or p19^Arf deficiency. Taken together, our study demonstrates that nucleostemin protects HSCs from DNA damage accumulation and is required for the maintenance of HSCs.     

Selection against PUMA gene expression in Myc-driven B-cell lymphomagenesis

The p53 tumor suppressor pathway limits oncogenesis by inducing cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. A key p53 target gene is PUMA, which encodes a BH3-only proapoptotic protein. Here we demonstrate that Puma deletion in the Eμ-Myc mouse model of Burkitt lymphoma accelerates lymphomagenesis and that ~75% of Eμ-Myc lymphomas naturally select against Puma protein expression. Furthermore, approximately 40% of primary human Burkitt lymphomas fail to express detectable levels of PUMA and in some tumors this is associated with DNA methylation. Burkitt lymphoma cell lines phenocopy the primary tumors with respect to DNA methylation and diminished PUMA expression, which can be reactivated following inhibition of DNA methyltransferases. These findings establish that PUMA is silenced in human malignancies, and they suggest PUMA as a target for the development of novel chemotherapeutics.     

Heat shock protein expression in canine osteosarcoma

Abnormal levels of heat shock proteins have been observed in a number of human neoplasms and demonstrate prognostic, predictive and therapeutic implications. Since osteosarcoma (OSA) in dogs provides an important model for the same disease in humans, the aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of Hsp27, Hsp72, Hsp73 and Hsp90 in 18 samples of canine appendicular OSA, in relation to histological grade and overall survival (OS), in order to investigate their potential prognostic, predictive and/or therapeutic value. A semiquantitative method was used for the analysis of the results. Hsp27, Hsp73 and Hsp90 showed a variably intense, cytoplasmic and nuclear immunoreactivity that was not associated with histological type or grade. On the other hand, a high percentage of Hsp72 immunostaining was significantly associated with grade III (P < 0.01) and a lack of immunolabelling was significantly correlated to a longer OS (P = 0.006). Neoplastic emboli were occasionally positive for Hsp27, faintly immunoreactive for Hsp72 and intensely immunolabelled by Hsp73 and Hsp90. In conclusion, absence of Hsp72 immunosignal appears to be associated with a favourable prognosis whilst the widespread Hsp90 immunoreactivity detected in all tumour cases as well as in neoplastic emboli, suggests this protein could be targeted in the therapy of canine OSA, and likewise in its human counterpart.     

Tissue matrix protein expression in human osteoblasts,osteosarcoma tumors,and osteosarcoma cell lines

Treatment for osteosarcoma is problematic because there are no prognostic markers. Diagnosis is primarily limited to cytologic grading. Oncogenesis alters cell structure therefore osteoblast tissue matrix proteins (extracellular matrix, cytoskeletal, intermediate filament, and nuclear matrix proteins), components of the cell substructure, are candidates for osteosarcoma markers. Structural proteins of the extracellular matrix, e.g. the collagens, are useful for diagnosis but not for tumors that produce little osteoid. To identify principal cellular tissue matrix proteins that distinguish normal from transformed human osteoblasts, their expression in normal osteoblasts, two osteosarcoma cell lines, and three primary osteosarcoma tumors were compared. The tumors were graded as (i) intermediate, (ii) high, and (iii) high grade recurrent. The 1-D SDS/PAGE profiles of the major components of the nuclear matrix and intermediate filament fractions from normal osteoblasts did not vary with biopsy site, age, or sex of patients. These profiles included known cytoskeletal proteins and OB250, a ∼250 kD protein(s) observed in the intermediate filament fraction. A loss of protein bands, including OB250, was observed in the osteosarcoma cell lines and tumors. The intermediate and high grade tumors exhibited nearly identical protein profiles including potential tumor-specific proteins and collagen, consistent with the presence of intracellular collagen fibers in osteosarcoma. A microsequence was obtained for OT25, a novel low molecular weight protein observed in osteosarcoma cell lines. Fibrinogen γ-chain, a protein that mediates cell adhesion was recovered from the high grade recurrent tumor. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

PUMA与心肌细胞凋亡的研究进展

p53上调的凋亡调节物(p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis,PUMA)是新近发现的一种具有促凋亡作用的p53靶基因.与以往发现的其他p53靶基因比较,PUMA在促凋亡作用中有两个重要的特点:一是PUMA几乎介导p53依赖的所有凋亡信号;二是PUMA不仅介导p53依赖的凋亡信号,而且还可以介导p53非依赖的凋亡信号.也就是说,尽管PUMA是p53靶基因,但是其在p53非依赖细胞凋亡中也发挥重要作用.由此可见,PUMA是一个强大的促凋亡因子.在心肌细胞,PUMA参与缺血/再灌注、内质网应激、阿霉素等多种刺激诱导的细胞凋亡.因此,PUMA在心肌细胞凋亡中发挥重要作用.