共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
Glyceroneogenesis revisited 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
5.
6.
Lechner PS Croniger CM Hakimi P Millward C Fekter C Yun JS Hanson RW 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2001,276(25):22675-22679
7.
8.
9.
Differential regulation of the rat phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene expression in several tissues of transgenic mice. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3 下载免费PDF全文
C L Eisenberger H Nechushtan H Cohen M Shani L Reshef 《Molecular and cellular biology》1992,12(3):1396-1403
The selective expression of a unique copy gene in several mammalian tissues has been approached by studying the regulatory sequences needed to control expression of the rat phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene in transgenic mice. A transgene containing the entire PEPCK gene, including 2.2 kb of the 5'-flanking region and 0.5 kb of the 3'-flanking region, exhibits tissue-specific expression in the liver, kidney, and adipose tissue, as well as the hormonal and developmental regulation inherent to endogenous gene expression. Deletions of the 5'-flanking region of the gene have shown the need for sequences downstream of position -540 of the PEPCK gene for expression in the liver and sequences downstream of position -362 for expression in the kidney. Additional sequences upstream of position -540 (up to -2200) are required for expression in adipose tissue. In addition, the region containing the glucocorticoid-responsive elements of the gene used by the kidney was identified. This same sequence was found to be needed specifically for developmental regulation of gene expression in the kidney and, together with upstream sequences, in the intestine. The apparently distinct sequence requirements in the various tissues indicate that the tissues use different mechanisms for expression of the same gene. 相似文献
10.
《Gene》1998,208(2):239-242
Chicken is characterized by a relative insulin resistance and a physiological hyperglycemia (2g/L) and is also subjected to fattening. Fat deposits in chicken, as in mammals, are regulated by environmental and genetic factors. In mammals, leptin, an adipose cell-specific secreted protein has been characterized that is encoded by ob gene. Leptin regulates satiety through hypothalamic specific receptors, energy balance, energy efficiency and contributes to adaptation to starvation. The leptin gene has been characterized in various mammalian species, and the cloning and sequencing of the chicken leptin gene (ob gene) are reported. Using RT-PCR and primers flanking the coding region of the leptin gene selected from known mammalian sequences, we have successfully amplified a 600-bp fragment from chicken liver and adipose tissue total ARNs. The amplified fragment exhibits a similar size to that of the coding region of the mammalian leptin gene. The sequences of the coding region of chicken liver and adipose tissue are identical and presented 97%, 96% and 83% similarity to the mouse, rat and human sequences, respectively. Finally, this is the first report showing that leptin gene expression in chicken is not exclusively localized in adipose tissue but is also expressed in liver. The expression of leptin in liver may be associated with a key role of this organ in avian species in controlling lipogenesis. 相似文献
11.
Rajas F Jourdan-Pineau H Stefanutti A Mrad EA Iynedjian PB Mithieux G 《Histochemistry and cell biology》2007,127(5):567-565
Immunohistochemical analysis was used to define the precise cell-specific localization of Glucose-6-phosphatase (Glc6Pase)
and cytosolic form of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-C) in the digestive system (liver, small intestine and
pancreas) and the kidney. Co-expression of Glc6Pase and PEPCK-C was shown to take place in hepatocytes, in proximal tubules
of the cortex kidney and at the top of the villi of the small intestine suggesting that these tissues are all able to perform
complete gluconeogenesis. On the other hand, intrahepatic bile ducts, collecting tubes of the nephron and the urinary epithelium
in the calices of the kidney, as well as the crypts of the small intestine, express Glc6Pase without significant levels of
PEPCK-C. In such cases, the function of Glc6Pase could be related to the transepithelial transport of glucose characteristic
of these tissues, rather than to the neoformation of glucose. Lastly, PEPCK-C expression in the absence of Glc6Pase was noted
in both the exocrine pancreas and the endocrine islets of Langerhans. Possible roles of PEPCK-C in exocrine pancreas might
be the provision of gluconeogenic intermediates for further conversion into glucose in the liver, whereas PEPCK-C would be
instrumental in pyruvate cycling, which has been suggested to play a regulatory role in insulin secretion by the β-cells of
the islets.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
12.
13.
Intertissue differences in the hysteretic behaviour of carnitine palmitoyltransferase in the presence of malonyl-CoA. 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0 下载免费PDF全文
In the presence of malonyl-CoA, the overt form of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT1) in mitochondria from rat liver, kidney cortex, heart, skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue shows non-linear time courses, suggesting hysteretic behaviour. The pattern of this hysteresis is similar in heart, skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue, but the hysteretic behaviour of the enzyme in these three tissues differs markedly from that seen in liver and kidney. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
17.
The activities and intracellular distribution of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-malate dehydrogenase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and pyruvate carboxylase in rat, guinea-pig and rabbit tissues. 下载免费PDF全文
1. Measurements are presented of the activity and intracellular distribution of phosphoenolypruvate carboxykinase, pyruvate carboxylase and NADP-malate dehydrogenase in rat, guinea-pig and rabbit liver and kidney cortex, together with previously obtained measurements of these enzymes in adipose tissue. 2. In all three tissues pyruvate carboxylase activity was greatest in the rat and lowest in the rabbit. 3. Guinea pig and rabbit were very similar to each other with respect to the extramitochondrial-mitochondrial distribution of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in all three tissues. 4. NADP-malate dehydrogenase was present in all three tissues in the rat, present in kidney cortex and adipose tissue in the guinea pig and absent from all tissues examines in the rabbit. 相似文献
18.
The activities and regulatory patterns of arginase and ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) of the liver (a mitotic tissue) and kidney cortex (a post-mitotic tissue) of immature, adult, and senescent male rats were studied. The activities of the liver enzymes were highest in the immature rat and decreased gradually with age. However, in the kidney cortex, the activity of arginase was highest and decreased significantly thereafter while that of OAT shows no significant change throughout the life span of the rat. Further, the activity of kidney cortex arginase was approximately 1/20th of that of the liver enzyme. Adrenalectomy and hydrocortisone treatments altered the activity of arginase in both tissues and that of OAT in the liver only. However, the kidney cortex OAT was not responsive towards these treatments. Actinomycin D inhibited the hydrocortisone-mediated induction of arginase of both the liver and kidney cortex and that of the liver OAT. 相似文献
19.
20.
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the principal generator of circadian rhythms and is part of an entrainment system that synchronizes the animal with its environment. Here, we review the possible communication of timing information from the SCN to peripheral tissues involved in regulating fundamental physiological functions as revealed using a viral, transneuronal tract tracer, the pseudorabies virus (PRV). The sympathetic nervous system innervation of the pineal gland and the sympathetic outflow from brain to white adipose tissue were the first demonstrations of SCN-peripheral tissue connections. The inclusion of the SCN as part of these and other circuits was the result of lengthened postviral injection times compared with those used previously. Subsequently, the SCN has been found to be part of the sympathetic outflow from the brain to brown adipose tissue, thyroid gland, kidney, bladder, spleen, adrenal medulla, and perhaps the adrenal cortex. The SCN also is involved in the parasympathetic nervous system innervation of the thyroid, liver, pancreas, and submandibular gland. Individual SCN neurons appear connected to more than one autonomic circuit involving both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation of a single tissue, or sympathetic innervation of two different peripheral tissues. Collectively, the results of these PRV studies require an expansion of the traditional roles of the SCN to include the autonomic innervation of peripheral tissues and perhaps the modulation of neuroendocrine systems traditionally thought to be controlled solely by hypothalamic stimulating/inhibiting factors. 相似文献