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1.
Roussel S Reboux G Dalphin JC Pernet D Laplante JJ Millon L Piarroux R 《Mycopathologia》2005,160(4):273-279
Previous studies performed in France have suggested that handling hay contaminated with high amounts of moulds, and especially
Absidia corymbifera and Eurotium amstelodami, may favour farmer’s lung disease. The circumstances favouring farmer’s lung disease and the distinctive microbiological
composition of hay samples that provoke attacks need to be specified. We present a case–control study which investigates the
agricultural practices and the microbiological composition of hay handled in patients with farmer’s lung disease as compared
to those of a representative control population. Ten cases identified the hay they were handling at the onset of symptoms.
The location, type of farm and working conditions were similar to those of the control farms. Conversely, the microbiological
composition of hay differed, with significantly higher amounts of E. amstelodami (P < 0.01), A. corymbifera (P = 0.003), mesophilic Streptomyces (P < 0.01), thermophilic Streptomyces (P < 0.01) and Saccharomonospora viridis (P < 0.01) than in the control population. Our results demonstrate that hay identified by patients as having a harmful effect
is characterized by a higher total amount of microorganisms, notably five microorganisms that seem discriminative. Mean concentrations
are 2- to 115-fold higher in hay suspected to cause symptoms than in hay from a representative panel of farms. Handling hay
with high amounts of these five microorganisms constitutes a risk factor for farmer’s lung disease that should be considered
for the development of prophylactic measures. 相似文献
2.
Summary. The pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, has been linked to a condition of oxidative
and nitrosative stress, arising from the imbalance between increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species
(RNS) production and antioxidant defences or efficiency of repair or removal systems. The effects of free radicals are expressed
by the accumulation of oxidative damage to biomolecules: nucleic acids, lipids and proteins. In this review we focused our
attention on the large body of evidence of oxidative damage to protein in Alzheimer’s disease brain and peripheral cells as
well as in their role in signalling pathways. The progress in the understanding of the molecular alterations underlying Alzheimer’s
disease will be useful in developing successful preventive and therapeutic strategies, since available drugs can only temporarily
stabilize the disease, but are not able to block the neurodegenerative process. 相似文献
3.
A. Q. Hurtado A. T. Critchley A. Trespoey G. Bleicher Lhonneur 《Journal of applied phycology》2006,18(3-5):301-306
This paper describes the occurrence of an epiphyte infestation of Kappaphycus farms in Calaguas Is. Camarines Norte, Philippines. In particular, percentage cover of ‘goose bump’-Polysiphonia and ‘ice-ice’ disease, and some environmental parameters that influence the thallus condition of Kappaphycus
alvarezii in Calaguas Is. were assessed during 3 separate visits and are discussed.Commercial cultivation of Kappaphycus at Calaguas Is. began in the early 1990s. After five years of farming, the stock was destroyed by a strong typhoon. The area was re-planted the following year and production increased annually and reached its peak in 1998–1999. However, the following year, the first occurrence of a Polysiphonia epiphyte infestation occurred concurrently with an ‘ice-ice’ disease. Consequently, annual production and the number of seaweed planters declined rapidly, and this situation persists to the present time. This paper highlights the etiological factors and their consequences.Results show that farm-site selection is critical for the success of Kappaphycus production. Characteristics of water movement and light intensity in farming areas contributed to the occurrence and detrimental effect of the phenomenon described as ‘goose bumps’: a morphological distortion of the host seaweed due to the presence of a Polysiphonia sp. epiphyte. A strong inverse correlation was observed between the occurrence of Polysiphonia and water movement: areas with low water motion registered a higher % cover (65%) of Polysiphonia than those in more exposed areas (17%). Although ‘goose bump’-Polysiphonia infestation and ‘ice-ice’ disease pose a tremendous problem to the seaweed farmers, the results of this limited assessment provide a useful baseline for future work. 相似文献
4.
Summary. The accumulation of oxidized proteins is known to be linked to some severe neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s
and Huntington’s disease. Furthermore, the aging process is also accompanied by an ongoing aggregation of misfolded and damaged
proteins. Therefore, mammalian cells have developed potent degradation systems, which selectively degrade damaged and misfolded
proteins. The proteasomal system is largely responsible for the removal of oxidatively damaged proteins form the cellular
environment. Not only cytosolic proteins are prone to oxidative stress, also nuclear proteins are readily oxidized. The nuclear
proteasomal system is responsible for the degradation of these proteins. This review is focused on the specific degradation
of oxidized nuclear proteins, the role of the proteasome in this process and the regulation of the nuclear proteasomal system
under oxidative conditions. 相似文献
5.
Amyloidogenic proteins (Aβ peptide) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are typically soluble monomeric
precursors, which undergo remarkable conformational changes and culminate in the form of aggregates in diseased condition.
Overlap of clinical and neuropathological features of both AD and PD are observed in dementia with Lewy body (DLB) disease,
the second most common form of dementia after AD. The identification of a 35-amino acid fragment of α-Syn in the amyloid plaques
in DLB brain have raised the possibility that Aβ and α-Syn interact with each other. In this report, the molecular interaction of α-Syn with Aβ40 and/or Aβ42 are investigated using multidimensional NMR spectroscopy. NMR data in the membrane mimic environment indicate specific
sites of interaction between membrane-bound α-Syn with Aβ peptide and vice versa. These Aβ–α-Syn interactions are demonstrated by reduced amide peak intensity or change in chemical shift of amide proton of the interacting
proteins. Based on NMR results, the plausible molecular mechanism of overlapping pathocascade of AD and PD in DLB due to interactions
between α-Syn and Aβ is described. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report using multidimensional NMR spectroscopy that elucidates
molecular interactions between Aβ and α-Syn which may lead to onset of DLB.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
6.
J. Cheng T. J. Bull P. Dalton S. Cen C. Finlayson J. Hermon-Taylor 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2005,21(6-7):1175-1179
Summary Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in domestic livestock is widespread in many countries throughout the world. Studies in Europe and the USA show
that M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis can be cultured from retail pasteurized cow’s milk and that these organisms are being transmitted to humans by this route.
Most people with chronic inflammation of the intestine of the Crohn’s disease type are infected with these chronic enteric
pathogens. The production and consumption of cow’s milk has increased in China and so also has the incidence of Crohn’s disease.
The present preliminary investigation was carried out to determine whether M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis is present in the intestinal tissues of Chinese patients with Crohn’s disease who have never left China. Archival paraffin-embedded
surgical pathology blocks from patients having surgery for Crohn’s disease (CD) or for cancer (nIBD) in China were studied.
M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis was detected by nested IS900 PCR with Southern blotting and amplicon sequencing. The intestinal tissues of 9 of 13 (69.2%) CD patients and 2 of 14 (14.3%)
nIBD patients were IS900 PCR positive (P = 0.0063; odds ratio = 13.5). These initial studies suggest that people in China are exposed to M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis and that as in other countries, the infection is significantly associated with Crohn’s disease. M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis in dairy herds and retail milk in China needs to be investigated. 相似文献
7.
Growth on a wheat bran media induced production of an extracellular β-glucanase by Rhizomucor miehei (DSM 1330). The enzyme was purified to homogeneity. Substrate specificity studies coupled with protein database similarity
searching using mass spectrometry-derived sequence data indicate it to be an endo-1,3(4)-β-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.6). The enzyme was characterised in terms of potential suitability for use in animal (poultry)
feed. Significant activity was observed over the entire pH range typical of the avian upper digestive tract (pH 2.6–6.5).
The enzyme was also found to be more thermostable than current commercialized β-glucanases, particularly when heated at a
high enzyme concentration, and retained twice as much residual activity as the latter upon exposure to simulated avian digestive
tract conditions. There are no previous reports of the production, purification or characterization of a β-glucanase from
a Rhizomucor, and the enzyme’s application-relevant physicochemical characteristics render it potentially suited for use in animal feed. 相似文献
8.
Taihei Miyakawa Shoichi Katsuragi Kensho Yamashita Kunio Araki Tetsuo Hashimura Takemi Kimura Kiyoshi Ohuchi 《Virchows Archiv. B, Cell pathology including molecular pathology》1992,61(1):331-335
In this immunohistopathological study α1-antichymotrypsin, which is barely demonstrable in the normal brain, was found in amyloid fibrils, endothelial cells and the
cytoplasm of astroglial cells in brains from patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Amyloid precursors stained with methenamine
silver were arrayed mainly along the membranes, and amyloid fibrils, which stained densely with anti-α1-antichymotrypsin, were in direct contact with the fibrous structures connecting with the membranes of vascular feet or astrocytic
processes.
From the above findings, α1-antichymotrypsin seems to play a role in the production of amyloid fibrils in Alzheimer’s disease. 相似文献
9.
This work studied the effect of two cell-surface lectins isolated from the nitrogen-fixing soil bacterium Azospirillum brasilense Sp7 and from its mutant defective in hemagglutinating activity, A. brasilense Sp7.2.3, on the activities of α-glucosidase, β-glucosidase and β-galactosidase in the exocomponent, membrane and apoplast
fractions of wheat-seedling roots. Lectin (40 μg mL−1) incubation for 1 h of the plant fractions increased the enzymes’ activities; both wild-type and mutant lectins were most
stimulatory to the activities of all the exocomponent-fraction enzymes studied and to the apoplast-fraction β-glucosidase.
Pretreatment of the lectins with their carbohydrate hapten, L-fucose, lowered the effect. The observed differences in the lectins’ ability to influence enzyme catalytic activity are explained
by change in the antigenic properties of the mutant lectin. 相似文献
10.
Yoshiaki Sumiyoshi Masahiko Kikuchi Morishige Takeshita Kohiti Ohshima Yuhiti Masuda 《Virchows Archiv. B, Cell pathology including molecular pathology》1992,61(1):201-207
In Japan, histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi’s disease) is a relatively common reactive lesion affecting lymph
nodes, but the histogenesis and pathogenesis of the disease have not been clarified. Alpha-interferon has a role in the body’s
defense against, viral infections. Using a polyclonal antibody to human alpha-interferon, we found numerous cells, mainly
histiocytes, containing alpha-interferon in affected foci in the lymph nodes from 24 patients with Kikuchi’s disease. Tubuloreticular
structures, thought by some authors to be associated with the production of interferon, were detected by electron microscopy
in histiocytes, activated lymphocytes and vascular endothelial cells in the affected foci. These results suggested that the
formation of tubuloreticular structures is a secondary phenomenon following stimulation by alpha-interferon. Further, the
activity of 2′–5′ oligoadenylate synthetase, which is induced by alpha-interferon and enhanced during the early or active
stage of viral infection, showed increased levels of activity in the active stage of Kikuchi’s disease and decreased to normal
levels in the convalescent stage 2 weeks later. These results suggested the possibility of a viral etiology for Kikuchi’s
disease. 相似文献
11.
One-year old tubers of two hybrid calla lily (calla) cultivars (Zantedeschia ‘Pot of Gold’ and ‘Majestic Red’) were inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), Glomus intraradices, or not, and grown at three different rates of phosphorus (P) supply to asses the effects of AMF-inoculation on plant development
(time of shoot emergence and flowering), flowering (number, length and rate of flowering), and tuber biomass and composition
over two growing cycles (2002, 2003). Tubers and flowers of calla responded differently to AMF inoculation. Differences in
mycorrhizal responsiveness between cultivars was related to differences in P requirements for flower and tuber production,
and the influence of P supply on resource allocation to different reproductive strategies. Inoculation increased shoot production
and promoted early flowering, particularly in 2003. Inoculated plants also produced larger tubers than non-inoculated plants,
but only increased the number of flowers per plant in 2003. High P supply also increased tuber biomass, but decreased the
number of flowers per plant in 2002. Plants grown at a moderate P-rate, produced the most flowers in 2003. For ‘Majestic Red’,
benefits from AMF were primarily in terms of tuber yield and composition, and AMF effects on marketable flower production
could potentially have negative impact on production strategies for growers. Inoculation of ‘Pot of Gold’ primarily influenced
flower production and aspects of tuber quality that caused detectable enhancement of tuber yield and flowering in the second
growing cycle following inoculation (2003). The results of this study show that the responses of calla to AMF are partially
a function of how nutrient supply alters resource allocation to sexual and vegetative reproduction. Whether AMF-induced changes
in resource allocation to flowering and tubers significantly alters commercial productivity and quality of calla depends on
the crop production goals (e.g. tubers, cut flowers or potted plants).
The U.S. Government’s right to retain a non-exclusive, royalty free licence in and to any copyright is acknowledged. 相似文献
12.
The role of aquatic macrophytes in stimulating biodiversity and maintaining clear waters is currently undisputed. The management
of (eutrophic) shallow waters is therefore often directed at (re-)establishing macrophyte domination. In contrast, the role
of water birds has long been considered of minor importance for the functioning of fresh water ecosystems. Indeed, in terms
of biomass and production, water birds constitute only a minor part of these systems. However, water birds may graze heavily
on water plants under certain circumstances, and the question arises whether herbivorous water birds have an important indirect
effect on shallow fresh water systems. Mainly illustrated with the interaction between Bewick’s Swans and Fennel Pondweed,
we present data on the role that water plants may play in the life of water birds and how water birds may impact water plants’
fitness in terms of survival, production, dispersal and competitive ability. It appears that water plants may be crucial for
water birds during periods of high-energy requirements, such as migration. Despite the plants’ costs associated with water
bird grazing, the interaction between water birds and water plants varies in nature from an apparent predator–prey relationship
to a mutually beneficial interaction depending on the context and the perspective. For the case of the Bewick’s Swan–Fennel
Pondweed interaction, regular bird grazing is sustainable and may actually favour the plant’s dispersal. Thus, Bewick’s Swans
themselves may in fact play a crucial role in establishing and maintaining the Fennel Pondweed rich staging sites between
the swans’ wintering and breeding grounds, which are vital for the swans’ successful migration. 相似文献
13.
Miroslav Rep?ák Beňadik ?majda Jozef Ková?ik Adriana Elia?ová 《Plant cell reports》2009,28(7):1137-1143
Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) in the above-ground organs synthesizes and accumulates (Z)- and (E)-2-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy-4-methoxy cinnamic acids (GMCA), the precursors of phytoanticipin herniarin (7-methoxycoumarin). The diurnal
rhythmicity of the sum of GMCA (maximum before daybreak) and herniarin (acrophase at 10 h 21 min of circadian time) was observed
under artificial lighting conditions LD 12:12. The acrophase is the time point of the maximum of the sinusoidal curve fitted
to the experimental data. In continuous light, the circadian rhythms of both compounds were first described with similar acrophases
of endogenous rhythms; a significantly different result from that in synchronized conditions. The rhythms’ mesor (the mean
value of the sinusoidal curve fitted to the experimental data) under free-running conditions was not influenced. Abiotic stress
under synchronized conditions decreased the average content of GMCA to half of the original level and eliminated the rhythmicity.
In contrast, the rhythm of herniarin continued, though its content significantly increased. Nitrogen deficiency resulted in
a significant increase in GMCA content, which did not manifest any rhythmicity while the rhythm of herniarin continued. Circadian
control of herniarin could be considered as a component of the plant’s specialized defence mechanisms. 相似文献
14.
Tuberin negatively affects BCL-2’s cell survival function 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary. Uncontrolled cell cycle progression and cell growth are key properties of tumor cells. The tumor suppressor genes responsible
for the autosomal dominantly inherited disease tuberous sclerosis (TSC) have been demonstrated to control both, cell cycle
and cell size regulation. Hamartin, encoded by TSC1, and tuberin, encoded by TSC2, form a complex, of which tuberin is assumed
to be the functional component. Loss of TSC genes function triggers hamartoma development in TSC patients. However, in vivo
mostly tumor cell development is rapidly terminated via apoptosis. BCL-2, the founding member of the BCL-2 family of proteins,
is well known for its anti-apoptotic properties. Here we show that pro-apoptotic actinomycin D cannot interfere with BCL-2’s
cell survival functions. However, we found tuberin to negatively regulate BCL-2’s anti-apoptotic effects on low serum-induced
apoptosis. These findings warrant further investigations to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying tuberin’s negative
effects on cell survival. 相似文献
15.
Chickpea is the world’s third most important pulse crop and India produces 75% of the world’s supply. Chickpea seeds are attacked
byCallosobruchus maculatus andC. chinensis which cause extensive damage. The α-amylase inhibitor gene isolated fromPhaseolus vulgaris seeds was introduced into chickpea cultivar K850 throughAgrobacterium- mediated transformation. A total of 288 kanamycin resistant plants were regenerated. Only 0.3% of these were true transformants.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis and Southern hybridization confirmed the presence of 4.9 kb α-amylase inhibitor gene
in the transformed plants. Western blot confirmed the presence of α-amylase inhibitor protein. The results of bioassay study
revealed a significant reduction in the survival rate of bruchid weevilC. maculatus reared on transgenic chickpea seeds. All the transgenic plants exhibited a segregation ratio of 3:1. 相似文献
16.
Summary. γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, has several well-known physiological
functions and has been applied to the production of many drugs and functional foods. The technology of GABA production via
submerged fermentation by Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus Y2 was investigated in this paper. It indicated that the GABA production was related to the biochemical characteristics of
glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) of S. salivarius subsp. thermophilus Y2. After 24 h of fermentation at 37 °C, which is the suitable culture conditions for GAD-production, then the culture condition
were adjusted to the optimal temperature (40 °C) and pH (4.5) for the GAD reaction activity in biotransformation of cells
and pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (0.02 mmol/l) were added to the broth at the 48 h, the GABA production was increased up to 1.76-fold,
reaching 7984.75 ± 293.33 mg/l. The strain shows great potential use as a starter for GABA-containing yoghurt, cheese and
other functional fermented food productions.
Authors’ address: Zhao-Xin Lu, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R.
China 相似文献
17.
In 1972(74)–1996(98), repeated phytocoenological surveys of natural mixed forest remainders were made on permanent plots in
the Šumava Mts. in the south-western part of the Czech Republic. The surveys were made in localities with subsoils poor in
nutrients (Boubín-Milešice—27 plots) and in a locality with nutrient-rich subsoil (Stožec—15 plots). Vegetation dynamics were
studied according to the year of measurement and the nutrient capacity of the geological bedrock. We used the indices of floristic
similarity, the calculation of plant communities’ characteristics (Shannon–Wiener’s index, equitability index), the calculation
of taxa characteristics (fidelity, average cover, constancy) and multivariate ordination analyses—indirect (DCA) and direct
(CCA). Changes in environmental conditions were studied between the years of measurement and between the localities using
bioindication—by the calculation of Ellenberg indicator values (EIV) for plant communities. Over 24 years both the nutrient-poor
site and the nutrient-rich site showed a considerable reduction in the tree layer cover and conversely the advancement of
shrub layers. The coverage degree of dominants in the main tree layer (Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Abies alba) markedly decreased. Abies alba also exhibited a pronounced drop in constancy. On the other hand, the lower tree layer and shrub layers in Boubín-Milešice
exhibited a distinctive invasion of Fagus sylvatica. An increase in the frequency of Sorbus aucuparia and a decrease in the frequency of Ulmus glabra were determined too. Herb layer changes were highly significant between the 1970s and the 1990s with qualitative changes
being greater than quantitative changes. The number of species and Shannon–Wiener’s index increased. A significant difference
was recorded between the nutrient-poor and the nutrient-rich sites in the values of the quantitative similarity of relevés
with other differences being insignificant. The nutrient-poor sites exhibited herb layer homogenisation. A significant increase
of EIV for light was found on both site types. The changes in phytocoenoses were interpreted partly as developmental trends
(caused by indirect impact of man—e.g. fluctuations in game populations since the 18th century, the impact of air pollution);
partly as cyclical changes connected with the developmental cycle of the natural temperate forest. 相似文献
18.
Summary. Gliotransmission is a process in which astrocytes are dynamic elements that influence synaptic transmission and synaptogenesis.
The best-known gliotransmitters are glutamate and ATP. However, in the past decade, it has been demonstrated that D-serine,
a D-amino acid, acts as a gliotransmitter in glutamatergic synapses. The physiological relevance of D-serine is sustained
by the way in which it modulates the action of glutamatergic neurotransmission, neuronal migration and long-term potentiation
(LTP). In addition, the synthesis and degradation mechanisms of D-serine have been proposed as potential therapeutic targets
for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia and related disorders. In the present review, detailed information
is provided about the physiological and physiopathological relevance of D-serine, including metabolic and regulation aspects. 相似文献
19.
S. V. Singh A. V. Singh P. K. Singh J. S. Sohal N. P. Singh 《Indian journal of microbiology》2007,47(3):251-258
Country lacks sensitive and indigenous diagnostic kits for the screening of goats and sheep against Johne’s disease. Therefore
an indigenous ELISA kit was developed using protoplasmic antigen from native Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis ‘Bison Type’ strain of goat origin (Kit 1). In the present study, kit 1 and two commercial kits (kit 2 and 3) were evaluated
with respect to ‘Gold Standard’ fecal culture in 71 animals (55 goats and 16 sheep). Kit 1 using indigenous antigen (protoplasmic
antigen) was sensitive at very low concentration (0.1 μgm / well) as compared to purified commercial protoplasmic antigen
(4 μgm / well) used in kit 2, in the Type 1 reactors (strong positive as positive). Screening of 71 animals by fecal culture
detected 38.0% animals (goats-40.0%, sheep-31.2%) as positive (clinical shedders of bacilli) from these farm animals. Of the
farm animals located at Central Institute for Research on Goats, herds of goat were endemic whereas, sheep flocks were comparatively
resistant to Johne’s disease. The 29.5 and 61.9, 15.4 and 57.7 and 4.2 and 14.0% animals (goats and sheep) were in the category
of sero-reactors type 1 and 2 of the ELISA kits 1, 2 and 3, respectively. In the type 1 sero-reactors, sensitivity and specificity
of kit 1, 2 and 3 was 53.7 and 86.0, 17.8 and 86.0 and 3.5 and 94.7%, respectively. Indigenous ELISA test (kit 1) was significantly
superior for the screening of goatherds and sheep flocks against JD as compared to commercial ELISA kits (Kit 2 and 3). In
comparison to kit 2 and 3, kit 1 had highest sensitivity, comparable specificity and substantial to nearly perfect proportional
agreement (Kappa Scores) with respect to ‘Gold standard’ fecal culture in goats and sheep. Disease being endemic in herds
and flocks screened using ELISA kits, Type I sero-rectors had better correlation with fecal culture in comparison to Type
II sero-reactors therefore, used for estimation of sero-prevalence. Newly developed Indigenous ELISA kit was simple, inexpensive,
sensitive and reliable for screening of goats and sheep population against Johne’s disease. The study reports high prevalence
of Johne’s disease in farm goatherds and sheep flocks, using sensitive tests (fecal culture and ELISA kit). Results of Type
1 reaction in kit 1 were optimally correlated with culture and were good for estimating the sero-prevalence. For controlling
Johne’s disease in endemic herds initial removal of the animals in strong positive category (Tyep 1 reactors), may help to
remove heavy shedders. 相似文献
20.
Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible, progressive neurodegenerative disorder leading invariably to death, usually within
7–10 years after diagnosis and is the leading cause of dementia in the elderly. Not only is Alzheimer’s disease a tragic disease
in which people suffer from neurodegeneration in the years to come, it also becomes an incredible burden on the public health
system. However, there is currently no effective treatment to halt the progression or prevent the onset of Alzheimer’s disease.
This is partly due to the fact that the complex pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease is not yet completely understood. Recently,
Golgi apparatus is found to play an important role in Alzheimer’s disease. In this review, we discuss the changes of Golgi
apparatus during clinical progression and pathological development of Alzheimer’s disease. First, changes of Golgi apparatus
size in Alzheimer’s disease are summarized. We then address the role of Golgi apparatus in the neuropathology of Alzheimer’s
disease. Finally, the role of Golgi apparatus in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease is discussed. Understanding the contribution
of Golgi apparatus dysfunction to Alzheimer’s disease and its pathophysiological basis will significantly impact our ability
to develop more effective therapies for Alzheimer’s disease. 相似文献