淋巴抑瘤素对五株肿瘤细胞株的体外抑瘤效应的分析研究

淋巴细胞经刺激后分泌一种多肽类物质,这种细胞因子被称为淋巴抑瘤素。在体外培养中发现不同来源的肿瘤细胞对淋巴抑瘤素的敏感性是不同的,表现为三种类型:强反应株,此类细胞对其抑瘤效应反应强烈,抑制率达90％以上;弱反应株,此类细胞的抑制率在70％左右;另一类为负反应株,此类细胞对淋巴抑瘤素不但不表现出抑瘤效应,反而出现助长肿瘤细胞生长的效应。由于体外测定中有上述现象,所以建议在体内应用这类细胞因子时,应像抗菌素测抗菌谱一样测定其抗瘤谱,以利于对症用药。     

猪苓菌丝形成菌核结构的特点

对猪苓(Grifola umbellata(Pers.)Pilat)菌丝在人工条件下形成菌核及繁殖过程、人工菌核与野生菌核及培养基上未形成菌核的猪苓菌丝的显微结构进行了系统研究.研究证明:人工菌核的结构与野生菌核的结构相似,均具有菌髓和皮层结构.人工菌核中的菌丝与培养基表面未形成菌核的猪苓菌丝存在着显著的差异,人工菌核是由培养基上纯培养的菌丝分化为膨大菌丝再由此形成有高度组织分化的猪苓菌核.     

一种新型DHA复合物的抑瘤作用及对Caspase-3凋亡蛋白表达的影响

目的评价一种新型DHA复合物（AT-158）对荷瘤小鼠移植瘤及体外培养肿瘤细胞的抑瘤作用,并对其可能的作用机制做初步探讨。方法建立移植瘤荷瘤小鼠动物模型和体外细胞培养的方法,评价AT-158在体内和体外的抑瘤作用,观察体外培养的Hela细胞在药物作用下的核形态的改变,测定移植瘤中Caspase-3凋亡蛋白表达的变化。结果AT-158在体内和体外均显示显著的抑瘤作用。肿瘤细胞的核形态发生凋亡细胞特征性改变。诱导凋亡执行蛋白Caspase-3表达增加。结论AT-158显示一定的抑瘤效果,具有较高的开发价值。     

香菇C91-3菌丝发酵蛋白对H22肿瘤细胞体内外抗肿瘤机制的初探

目的探讨香菇C91-3菌丝发酵蛋白(LFP91-3)对H22肿瘤细胞抑瘤作用及相关机制。方法应用不同剂量LFP91-3(50、100和150μg)对H22荷瘤小鼠腹水瘤模型和腋下实体瘤进行治疗,观察其生存期和体内抑瘤作用;并用MTT法(LFP91-3浓度5、10、15μg/mL)和流式细胞仪对经LFP作用的H22肿瘤细胞进行观察和检测。结果香菇C91-3菌丝发酵提取蛋白(LFP91-3)能延长H22荷瘤小鼠的生存期,对体外培养的H22有直接杀伤作用,抑瘤率出现对浓度和时间的依赖性。LFP91-3能将H22肿瘤细胞株细胞周期阻滞到S期并诱导出细胞凋亡。结论 LFP91-3在体内、外对H22肿瘤细胞有较好的抑瘤作用,主要是诱导其调亡。     

香菇C91-3菌丝发酵液提取蛋白抗小鼠宫颈癌U14的初步探讨

目的 探讨香菇C91-3菌丝发酵液提取蛋白对小鼠宫颈癌的作用.方法 观察香菇C91-3菌丝发酵液提取蛋白对小鼠宫颈癌U14荷瘤小鼠生存期的影响和对体外培养的小鼠宫颈癌U14细胞的抑杀作用.结果 香菇C91-3菌丝发酵液提取蛋白能明显延长小鼠宫颈癌U14荷瘤小鼠的生存期并能对体外培养的小鼠宫颈癌U14细胞有直接抑杀作用.结论 香菇C91-3菌丝发酵液提取蛋白对机体有调节、增强机体免疫系统功能的作用.     

猪苓菌核结构性质的研究

利用光学显微镜和电子显微镜对猪苓菌核的结构及其发育进行了研究。组成猪苓菌核的菌丝与平板培养或发酵培养的猪苓菌丝比较,具有多分枝、融合频率高、菌丝形态不规则等特点。猪苓菌核表现了高度的结构分化,有表皮、表皮下层、疏松菌丝层和结构菌丝之分,结构菌丝是组成菌核的主要成分,疏松菌丝层类似一般菌核的髓,但大小、位置在菌核中变化较大。菌核的个体繁殖是由母体菌核的一束或几柬菌丝突破表皮而萌发产生新的菌核;较系统的观察了猪苓菌核细胞分裂及其菌丝内部结构的变化。     

恒温和变温培养对羊肚菌菌丝生长及菌核形成影响的比较研究

为了探究恒温和变温培养对羊肚菌菌丝生长和菌核形成的影响,设置-9℃-30℃的7个恒温处理,3个变温处理,通过观察和记录在两种不同培养方式下菌丝的长势、生长速度、菌落干重、产核时间、菌核数量等内容,从而比较出恒温和变温培养对羊肚菌菌丝生长和菌核形成的影响效果。结果表明,在恒温条件下羊肚菌菌丝生长和菌核发育比变温好,20℃最适宜菌丝生长,菌丝生长速度较快,菌落干重最大;25℃最适宜菌核生长发育,产核最早。菌核数量最多。     

菌核侧耳菌丝染色方法的研究

在对菌核侧耳单双核菌丝进行染色方法的研究中, 通过采用不同的菌丝培养方法, 比较2种固定液及3种染液的染色效果, 优化出菌丝染色方法, 进而得出一套稳定可靠的鉴定菌丝的细胞核染色技术。     

猪苓菌丝形成菌核结构的特点(英文)

对猪苓(Grifolaumbellata(Pers.)Pilat)菌丝在人工条件下形成菌核及繁殖过程、人工菌核与野生菌核及培养基上未形成菌核的猪苓菌丝的显微结构进行了系统研究。研究证明人工菌核的结构与野生菌核的结构相似,均具有菌髓和皮层结构。人工菌核中的菌丝与培养基表面未形成菌核的猪苓菌丝存在着显著的差异,人工菌核是由培养基上纯培养的菌丝分化为膨大菌丝再由此形成有高度组织分化的猪苓菌核。     

猪苓营养菌丝与栽培菌核蛋白质成分的分析

对猪苓(Polyporus umbellate)营养菌丝与栽培菌核中蛋白质的氨基酸种类及含量进行了测定。结果表明,猪苓营养菌丝中各物质质量分数是:粗蛋白325.9g·kg-1,必需氨基酸总量34.924 g·kg-1,氨基酸总量91.956 g·kg-1;栽培菌核中各物质质量分数是:粗蛋白49.1 g·kg-1,必需氨基酸总量8.465 g·kg-1,氨基酸总量35.847 g·kg-1。营养菌丝中所含粗蛋白、氨基酸的量显著高于栽培菌核中粗蛋白、氨基酸的量。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism