The Olmecs: America's First Civilization

The Olmecs: America's First Civilization. Richard A. Diehl. New York: Thames and Hudson, 2004. 208 pp.     

Man's Most Dangerous Myth: The Fallacy of Race

Man's Most Dangerous Myth: The Fallacy of Race, 6th edition. Ashley Montagu. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press, 1997. 699 pp.     

The Specimen Dealer: Entrepreneurial Natural History in America's Gilded Age

The post-Civil War American natural history craze spawned a new institution – the natural history dealer – that has failed to receive the historical attention it deserves. The individuals who created these enterprises simultaneously helped to promote and hoped to profit from the burgeoning interest in both scientific and popular specimen collecting. At a time when other employment and educational prospects in natural history were severely limited, hundreds of dealers across the nation provided encouragement, specimens, publication outlets, training opportunities, and jobs for naturalists of all motivations and levels of expertise. This paper explores the crucial role that specimen dealers played in the larger natural history community. After briefly examining the development of local taxidermy shops in the mid-nineteenth century, it then traces the history of four large natural history dealerships established in the United States during the latter half of the century: Ward's Natural History Establishment, Frank Blake Webster's Naturalists' Supply Depot, Southwick & Jencks' Natural History Store, and Frank H. Lattin & Co. By the early twentieth century, changing tastes in interior design, the growth of the Audubon movement, and the dramatic expansion of alternate training and job opportunities for naturalists led many specimen dealers either to shift their emphasis or to shut their doors. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Anthropology of Food: The Social Dynamics of Food Security

Anthropology of Food: The Social Dynamics of Food Security. Johan Pottier. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1999. 230 pp.