冀南地区汉族人群皮纹分析

本文研究了冀南地区健康汉族医学生1020例(男性510人, 女性510人)的皮纹, 探讨了冀南地区正常汉族群体皮纹特点。结果发现: 冀南地区群体指纹频率顺序: 尺箕纹>斗形纹>弓形纹>桡箕纹; 十指指纹类型分布有显著差异; 两性斗形纹分布有显著差异; 两手弓形纹分布有差异但不显著; 指纹纹型分布有极高对称性; 同名指指纹组合频率排序为L/L>W/W>L/W>A/L>A/A>A/W; 五指的FRC有显著差别、两性的TFRC有差异, 但不显著; 两性T/I、III、IV的真实花样出现率有差异。因此, 本文认为指纹分布具有同型组合极高亲和性、异型组合不相容性; 皮纹发育形成主要受遗传因素控制, 也受性别影响; 冀南地区人群可能与山东省、辽宁省同属中国汉族北方群同一亚群。     

汉族ABO血型的皮纹特征分析

作者对芜湖地区３８２例（男２２０人;女１６２人）汉族ＡＢＯ血型的皮纹特征进行了分析,其中Ｏ型１３０人,Ａ型１１３人,Ｂ型１０１人,ＡＢ型３８人。分析比较了指纹类型、指纹组合格局、指嵴纹计数、掌嵴纹计数、ａｔｄ角,掌部真实花纹,掌褶纹和拇趾球纹等项参数,结果表明,ＡＢＯ各血型的皮纹参数间有若干统计学差异。     

襄阳市汉族大学生群体ABO血型调查与分析

为了解襄阳市汉族大学生群体ABO血型分布情况,应用标准血清玻片法测定ABO血型,并与其他地区汉族大学生群体ABO血型分布相比较。结果:襄阳市汉族大学生ABO血型分布频率A型占30.04%,B型占27.25%,O型占31.12%,AB型占11.59%,A、B、O基因频率p、q、r分别为0.2346、0.2167和0.5487。男、女生之间差异无统计学意义(Χ~2=1.77,P0.05),但和河南、山东菏泽地区汉族大学生群体ABO血型分布差异有统计学意义(Χ~2=39.89,P0.05)。结论:襄阳汉族大学生ABO血型分布特征OABAB;不同地区的汉族大学生群体ABO血型分布不同;血型分布特征与性别无关。     

60例巴基斯坦留学生的指纹研究

研究了60例巴基斯坦留学生的指纹纹型分布。结果表明该人群指纹分布频率为：L占50％,W占46％,A占4％。双手十指同纹型的频率为11．67％。一手五指纹型组合频率为OLW（64．20％）〉同型组合（20．83％）〉ALO（10．83％）〉ALW（4．17％）。对应手指纹型组合频率为：L／L（50．33％）〉W／W（24．33％）〉L／W（19．67％）〉A／L（3．33％）〉A／A（2．33％）。     

河南新乡地区在校大学生汉族群体指纹调查

在知情同意下,对河南新乡地区在校汉族大学生采用油墨拓印法,按捺男生100例、女生206例的十指指纹,于放大镜下观察分析.研究该地区汉族在校大学生群体的指纹纹型特点,为医学、遗传学和人类肤纹学等领域提供基础皮纹学参数.结果表明,指纹纹型及频率表现为W(54.48％)＞L(43.46％)＞A(2.06％),性别差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).左、右对应手指各种指纹组合格局总体表现为斗型/斗型最多见,对应手指同型组合频率为78.44％,指纹纹型分布具有对称型.说明河南新乡地区在校大学生的指纹纹型与其他地区有共性,也有其特异性.     

ABO、MN血型及其与测量体征关系的初步探讨

本文提供了男、女两性共404人ABO、MN血型各表现型的35个体质特征测量数据,对血型和测量体征的关系进行了初步讨论。统计分析表明,不同血型群体的某些单个体征平均值之间有显著差异。对所调查的35个体征作整体分析,可见男性MN系统和女性ABO、MN系统各血型群体平均值之间差异显著。在MN血型系统,MN型群体的测量体征平均值低于M型和N型与MN基因型的杂合状态有密切关系。本文还分析了4个民族的血型资料,表明MN血型在ABO血型系统是随机分布的。     

中国不同人群的红细胞抗原多态性及血型组合

计算了汉、回、蒙古、维吾尔、侗、高山、朝鲜和壮等八个民族红细胞抗原常见等位基因数、常见血型和血型组合频率、血型相同的二人随机相遇的概率、血型组合数、常见和罕见的血型组合、AB、Rh(D-)型频率及排除亲子关系的概率。结果表明,中国北方民族的血型系统的多态程度比南方民族高。     

楚雄彝族自治州彝族（罗罗卜支系）指纹的研究

对500例楚雄彝族皮纹正常值进行调查,罗罗卜支系斗型纹最多,双手十指全为斗型纹的比例很 高,而弓型纹、箕型纹、atd角、通关手、小鱼际花纹都少于白种人和汉、维、哈、蒙古等民族,也少于彝族 撒梅支系。表明指纹图型不但有种族和民族差异,而且同族中的不同支系也有差异。 关锥词：楚雄彝族,指纹,稳定性,特异性     

裕固族皮纹学初步研究

本文研究了甘肃裕固族青少年儿童346人的皮纹学特征,报道了斗、箕、弓各型指纹的频率,指纹指数,总指嵴数,a-b嵴数,通关手出现率,掌纹真实花样等8项皮纹学参数和主线止区的分布比例。并作了性别、手别、族别及人种间的比较。结果表明,裕固族既具有蒙古人种的皮纹特征,也有一些白种人的皮纹特点,这可能暗示着裕固族有白种人的血统。     

内蒙地区蒙古,汉,回,朝鲜族指纹白线分析

本文分析了内蒙地区３５９７例蒙古、汉、回、朝鲜族人指纹白线分布特征,并探讨了指纹白线与皱纹掌和某些掌褶纹类型的关系。结果表明４个民族的指纹白线出现率：蒙古族１２．５７％、汉族１５．１７％、回族１８．８０％、朝鲜族１４．７８％。各民族的指纹白线出现率具有性别间和手别间明显差异,亦具民族间显著差异。此外,在这４个民族中,具指纹白线者的皱纹掌和桥贯型、悉尼型掌褶纹的相对出现率均较高。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism