cAMP phosphodiesterase activity evaluation in human carcinoma of salivary glands

The aim of this study was to evaluate differences of cAMP-PDE activity in human salivary glands, between a control group and some different benign tumours groups and, where present, with 2 malignant tumors groups. The value of the enzymatic activity in the groups analysed was 50% lower than control samples. The differences between the control group (82 +/- 7.9 nmols/mg of protein) and the 3 pathologic groups (Benign A: 44 +/- 6.2; Malignant A: 40 +/- 16; Benign B: 40 +/- 14.2; Malign A: 9.1; Benign C: 22 nmols/mg of protein) are statistically significant.     

瑞舒伐他汀对老年冠心病伴高脂血症患者血脂及 高敏C 反应蛋白的影响研究

目的：观察老年冠心病伴高脂血症患者应用瑞舒伐他汀治疗后的血脂及高敏C反应蛋白变化。方法：随机将2012 年7 月～ 2013 年6 月在本院治疗的68 例冠心病合并高脂血症患者分为两组,对照组采用常规治疗方法治疗,在对照组的基础上,治疗组 给予瑞舒伐他汀,治疗周期均为2 个月,观察两组治疗前后的血脂及高敏C 反应蛋白水平的变化,并统计治疗期间两组不良反应 发生情况。结果：两组治疗前的TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C 差异不显著,P＞0.05;而治疗后,两组的TC、TG、LDL-C水平均出现下降, HDL-C 水平上升趋势,但观察组治疗后的TC、TG、LDL-C 水平均明显低于对照组的（P＜0.05）,观察组治疗后的HDL-C 水平均 明显高于对照组的（P＜0.05）。治疗组治疗前的hs-CRP 为（3.86± 1.12）mg/L,对照组治疗前的hs-CRP 为（3.82± 0.84）mg/L,两组 差异不显著（P＞0.05）,治疗后,两组的hs-CRP 均出现下降,治疗组的hs-CRP 为（2.57± 0.66）mg/L,对照组的hs-CRP 为（3.23± 0.66）mg/L,两组差异显著（P＜0.05）。两组治疗后均出现轻微的不良反应症状,治疗组不良反应发生率为8.82%,对照组不良反应 发生率为23.53%,两组差异不显著（x2=0.497,P=0.780＞0.05）。结论：瑞舒伐他汀能有效地改善冠心病合并高脂血症的血脂,降低 高敏C 反应蛋白,值得在冠心病合并高脂血症临床治疗中更广泛地应用。     

Dietary Fat Is Shunted Away from Oxidation,Toward Storage in Obese Zucker Rats

BESSESEN, DANIEL H, CONNIE L RUPP AND ROBERT H ECKEL. Dietary fat is shunted away from oxidation, toward storage in obese zucker rats. Obes Res. 1995;3:179–189. Previous measurements of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity in adipose tissue (ATLPL) of lean and obese Zucker rats have consistently documented increased activity in obese rats relative to lean. Since LPL is considered to be rate limiting for the delivery of triglyceride fatty acids (TGFA) to muscle and adipose tissue, these data have been used to suggest that the metabolic partitioning of TGFA favors storage over oxidation in obese rats. To document the partitioning of TGFA directly, the fate of ¹⁴C labeled oleic acid (42nmols) was fed to lean, obese, and obese Zucker rats fed a hypocaloric diet designed to chronically reduce weight 25% below that of obese controls (reduced-obese). The amount of ¹⁴C recovered in CO₂ over 6 hours following ingestion was significantly less in obese rats compared to lean (0.45 ± 0.06 vs. 0.88 ± 0.09nmols, p=.0004) and less still in the reduced obese group (0.34 ± 0.06nmols p=.00003). Six hours after ingestion, the quantity of label found in adipose tissue was significantly greater in the obese rats compared to lean (14.51 ± 1.92 vs. 1.38 ± 0.29nmols p<.00001), but was intermediate in the reduced-obese group (9.23 ± 0.98nmols p=.0003). At 2.2 hours there was significantly more label in skeletal muscle of lean rats compared to either obese or reduced-obese (2.33 ± 0.24; 1.35 ± 0.04nmols p=.01; 1.41 ± 0.27nm p=.02). However, at 6 hours these differences between groups were no longer present. These findings Indicate that dietary fat is shunted away from oxidation toward storage in obese Zucker rats. Additionally it appears that there may be a relative block in the oxidation of TGFA that is taken up by skeletal muscle in obese rats. Finally the relative normalization of this partitioning defect in reduced-obese rats is at variance with what was suggested by previous measurements of tissue specific levels of LPL, and suggests an enhanced recirculation of fatty acids from adipose tissue to muscle in reduced-obese rats. This could occur through increased delivery of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) to muscle as a result of an increase in net lipolysis.     

Effect of Fluoride Exposure on Serum Glycoprotein Pattern and Sialic Acid Level in Rabbits

This study describes the effects of fluoride exposure on the protein profile, glycoprotein pattern, and total sialic acid concentration of serum in rabbits. For this aim; 20 healthy New Zealand rabbits were used. The rabbits were divided into two equal groups each with ten animals according to their weighing: control group and experimental group. The rabbits in control group were given drinking tap water containing 0.29 mg/l sodium fluoride and experimental group received the same tap water to which was added 40 mg/l sodium fluoride for 70 days. Blood samples were taken from each rabbit on day 70. Serum fluoride concentrations were measured by a fluoride-specific ion electrode in serum. The fluoride levels in the serum were found as 18.4 (±1.58) μg/L in control and 301.3 (±52.18) μg/L in fluoride exposed rabbits. The sialic acid levels were found as 69.2 (±0.32) mg/dL in control and 43.4 (±0.13) mg/dL in fluoride exposed group. The electrophoretic patterns of serum proteins, glycoproteins, and total sialic acid concentration were determined. Fifteen different protein fractions with molecular weights ranging from 22 to 249 kDa were displayed in the serum protein electrophoretic gel of both groups. The raw concentrations of the protein fractions decreased in fluoride exposed rabbits as compared with the control rabbits. The serum glycoprotein pattern revealed seven major protein bands from 47 to 167 kDa in experimental and control groups. The slight decrease of raw concentration of the protein bands in glycoprotein pattern of serum was observed in fluoride toxication comparing to control. The results suggest that serum TSA determination and serum protein electrophoresis can be used to evaluate prognosis of fluoride exposure as a supplementary laboratory test in combination with clinical and other laboratory findings of fluorosis.     

Properties of γ-aminobutyric acid synthesis by rat renal cortex

Substantial synthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid occurs in rat renal cortex. Renal glutamate decarboxylase activity (24.3±2.9 (S.E.) nmols/mg protein per h) is 15% of that in brain; renal γ-aminobutyric acid content (39.5±5.3 (S.E.) nmols/g wet wt.) is 5% of the whole brain concentration. Properties of glutamate decarboxylase were studied in homogenates of rat renal cortex and rat brain under conditions for which γ-aminobutyric acid formation from [2,3-³H]glutamate and CO₂ release from [1-¹⁴C]glutamate were equal. Several properties of renal glutamate decarboxylase distinguish it from the corresponding brain enzyme: (1) renal glutamate decarboxylase is selectively inhibited by cysteine sulfinic acid (K_i = 5·10^?5 M) ; (20 renal glutamate decarboxylase is less sensitive (K_i = 3–5·10^?5 M)_to inhibition by aminooxyacetic acid than is the brain enzyme (K_i = 1·10^?6 M); (3) brain but not renal glutamate decarboxylase activity can be substantially stimulated in vitro by the addition of exogenous pyridoxal 5′-phosphate; (4) renal glutamate decarboxylase is significantly decreased in renal cortex from rats on a low-salt diet. Proximal tubules are enriched in glutamate decarboxylase compared to the activity in whole renal cortex or glomeruli (42, 22 and 14 nmols/mg protein per h, respectively). We speculate that renal γ-aminobutyric acid synthesis does not reflect the presence of GABAergic renal nerves, but may serve a function in proximal tubular cells.     

机械牵拉诱导人RPE细胞IL-8分泌及其对PI3K/AKT 通路的影响

目的:视网膜脱离发生机制尚不明确,本文旨在研究机械应力牵拉后视网膜色素上皮细胞上清中IL-8分泌量的变化以及人其对RPE细胞PI3K/AKT通路变化影响。方法:培养人RPE细胞,应用Flex-cell细胞应力加载系统牵拉人RPE细胞不同时间(0h、1 h、3 h、6 h、9 h)建立不同牵拉时间的模型。分别标记为对照组、牵拉1 h组、牵拉3 h组、牵拉6 h组、牵拉9 h组。随后用ELISA方法检测人RPE细胞不同实验组上清中IL-8分泌量的变化。细胞免疫荧光和Western blot方法观察PI3K、PPI3K、T-AKT、P-AKT的表达。结果:随着牵拉时间的延长,ELISA方法检测人RPE细胞不同实验组上清中IL-8分泌量逐渐增加[924.79±5.92 pg/m L、947.73±5.34 pg/m L、974.53±5.74 pg/m L、979.57±1.12 pg/m L、1019.22±4.25 pg/m L],差异有统计学意义(F=166,p0.01),各牵拉组与对照组分别对比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。细胞中P-AKT蛋白表达增加[0.61±0.02、0.97±0.05、0.99±0.04、1.21±0.11、1.20±0.07],差异有统计学意义(F=41.24,p0.01),各牵拉组与对照组分别对比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),AKT表达未见明显变化。结论:机械应力牵拉人RPE细胞时,细胞上清中IL-8分泌量逐渐增加同时RPE细胞内PI3K/AKT通路明显激活,并与牵拉时间有关,为探究EMT原因和对防治PVR提供了理论基础。     

替考拉宁在感染的血液病患者中血药浓度的监测与应用价值分析

目的:探讨替考拉宁在感染的血液病患者中血药浓度的监测与应用价值。方法:回顾分析2017年12月-2019年12月来我院治疗的42例革兰氏阳性球菌引起感染的血液病患者临床资料,按照临床替考拉宁的给药剂量分A组和B组,每组21例。利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测患者第5天用药前30 min的血药浓度,利用酶联免疫荧光法检测患者降钙素原(PCT)水平。比较两组血药浓度,临床疗效及PCT水平的差异,并记录不良反应。结果:B组患者血药浓度(15.12±4.68)mg/L高于A组的(11.76±5.31)mg/L,且B组患者PCT水平(0.86±1.21)ng/mL低于A组的(2.23±1.63)ng/mL,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组患者临床有效率为95.24%(20/21),A组临床有效率为71.43%(15/21),两组临床有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组发生不良反应发生率为23.81%(5/21),B组不良反应发生率为19.05%(4/21),两组患者不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。有效组患者血药浓度(17.21±6.64)mg/L高于无效组的(10.14±5.48)mg/L;且有效组患者PCT水平(0.65±1.31)ng/mL低于无效组的(2.63±1.87)ng/mL,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对感染的血液病患者,提高替考拉宁初始负荷剂量可以达到较高的有效血药浓度,临床疗效更好,且不良反应未见增加。对感染的血液病患者进行血药浓度监测,能够一定程度上反映出临床治疗效果,具有临床参考价值。     

tBHQ和SFN在创伤性脑损伤小鼠中的疗效比较性分析

目的:探讨叔丁基对苯二酚(t BHQ)和莱菔硫烷(SFN)在患有创伤性脑损伤大鼠的疗效差异性。方法:80只健康成年的雄性SD大鼠分为假手术组、常规损伤组、t BHQ治疗组和SFN治疗组,使用电子颅脑损伤仪(e CCI)制备TBI模型。其中t BHQ治疗组在伤前24 h大鼠腹腔注射三次t BHQ(50 mg/kg),每8 h一次;SFN治疗组在伤后15 min给予腹腔注射SFN(5 mg/kg)。给药24 h后,采用m NSS方法评价各组大鼠神经功能缺损状况,利用干湿称量法计算脑含水量,Western blot和ELISA方法分别测定大鼠脑组织的NOX2和Nrf2的表达水平。结果:损伤发生后第24 h,t BHQ治疗组和SFN治疗组在m NSS评分((4.5±0.71)vs(9.2±0.79),(6.0±0.82)vs(9.2±0.79))、脑水肿(79.4%vs 85.6%,80.3%vs 85.6%)、NOX2和Nrf2(0.93 ng/m L vs 0.81 ng/m L,0.87 ng/m L vs 0.81 ng/m L)表达上与常规损伤组差异明显,而t BHQ治疗组和SFN治疗组间在m NSS评分((4.5±0.71)vs(6.0±0.82))、NOX2和Nrf2(0.93 ng/m L vs 0.87 ng/m L)表达上差异显著。结论:在大鼠TBI模型中,t BHQ和SFN均可以有效的降低机体自身的氧化应激作用,并改善神经功能,但t BHQ的疗效要好于SFN。     

氨氯地平、比索洛尔对高血压合并心绞痛患者CAP及IMT 的影响

目的:比较氨氯地平、比索洛尔对高血压合并心绞痛患者中心动脉压(central artery pressure,CAP)及颈动脉内中膜厚度(intima-media thickness,IMT)的影响。方法:选择我院2013年8月-2014年9月收治的高血压合并心绞痛患者76例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各38例。观察组给予氨氯地平5 mg/d,对照组给予比索洛尔2.5 mg/d,疗程均为1年。测定并对比两组治疗前后血压、CAP、IMT变化情况以及心绞痛的治疗效果。结果:观察组治疗后CAP收缩压、舒张压、IMT分别为(130.36±5.09)mm Hg、(73.38±5.76)mm Hg、(0.89±0.08)mm,均明显低于对照组的(144.82±6.54)mm Hg、(84.89±6.14)mm Hg、(1.01±0.12)mm,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组治疗总有效率为89.47%,高于对照组的76.32%,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:氨氯地平与比索洛尔治疗高血压合并心绞痛的临床疗效相当,但氨氯地平在降低高血压合并心绞痛患者CAP、IMT方面的效果优于比索洛尔。     

Dietary zinc effects on zinc, calcium, and magnesium content in bones of growing rats

The aim of the present study was to assess dietary zinc effects on femur weight and mineral content in growing rats. For this purpose, 70 weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Each group was subject to a diet containing 2 (BZ), 5 (DZ), 10 (MZ), and 30 (CZ) ppm zinc. The calcium and magnesium content in all diets was 5 g/kg and 507 mg/kg, respectively. The animals were kept on this regime for 28 d and then sacrificed and their femurs were removed for analysis using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The weights of the BZ and DZ groups were significantly different from the MZ and CZ groups (38.5±10.5, 89.9±13.7, 118.6±13.6 and 134±19.9 g, p<0.01) respectively. There were no differences between the MZ and CZ groups. Femur weight also varied with dietary zinc, as it was significantly different among all groups (BZ, 265±49 mg; DZ, 380±40 mg; MZ, 452±54 mg; CZ, 735±66 mg; p<0.01). The femur zinc content varied with diets, following a different pattern than the above parameters. Femur zinc from the BZ group (51.5±5.4 ppm) was significantly different from the MZ and CZ groups (115.9±14.2 and 175.0±13.5 ppm, respectively), whereas the DZ group (62.5±11.3 ppm) did not differ from the other three groups. The femur content of calcium (BZ, 83.2±9.8 mg/g; DZ, 88.0±9.2 mg/g; MZ, 90.2±13.6 mg/g; CZ, 83.1±14.7 mg/g) and magnesium (BZ, 1.82±0.13 mg/g; DZ, 1.98±0.09 mg/g; MZ, 1.93±14 mg/g; CZ, 1.83±0.19 mg/g) were not significantly different among the groups, nor was the calcium-magnesium ratio. These results suggest that although dietary zinc deficiency retards growth and causes bone fragility, bone deposition of calcium and magnesium and its ratio are not affected.     

Acute effects of various doses of iodide on thyroid iodine autoregulation

Analytical ion microscopy (AIM) was used to determine alterations in the thyroid follicular lumen¹²⁷I stores of Wistar rats injected with different doses of¹²⁹I (low specific activity radionuclide). Animals fed a normal iodine diet (10 μg¹²⁷I/d) were divided into four groups: control group and three treated groups injected ip 24 h before sacrifice with¹²⁹I at doses of 10 μg (group 1), 30 μg (group 2), and 8500 μg (group 3). AIM was performed on thyroid semithin sections. The mean¹²⁹I concentration increased with the dose injected from group 1 (0.44±0.03 μg/mg, mean ± SEM) to group 2 (2.05±0.14 μg/mg) and decreased in group 3 (0.57±0.08 μg/mg). When compared to control group (4.14±0.17 μg/mg), the mean¹²⁷I concentration was not changed in group 1 (4.52±0.07 μg/mg), but altered in the other groups: It was significantly increased (7.14±0.41 μg/mg) in group 2 and slightly decreased (3.11±0.26 μg/mg) in group 3. These results underline the interest of AIM in the study of the effects of various doses of iodide on the thyroid autoregulation by iodide, a trace element actively trapped by this gland.     

静注人免疫球蛋白联合万古霉素治疗小儿败血症的疗效及外周血NLR、PCT变化观察

摘要 目的：观察静注人免疫球蛋白联合万古霉素治疗小儿败血症的疗效及外周血中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值（NLR）、降钙素原(PCT)变化。方法：选取2011年1月~2020年1月我院收治的败血症患儿80例为研究对象,按数字随机表法分为对照组和观察组各40例,对照组给予万古霉素治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予静注人免疫球蛋白治疗,比较两组临床疗效、症状改善时间和住院时间、NLR、PCT、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞计数（WBC）、免疫功能及不良反应发生率。结果：观察组治疗有效率高于对照组（87.50%vs65.00%）（P<0.05）。观察组神经系统症状改善时间、体温改善时间、拒奶改善时间和住院时间为（6.22±1.05）d、（3.88±0.25）d、（5.10±0.86）d、（8.71±2.05）d,均短于对照组的（8.76±1.53）d、（6.22±0.64）d、（7.53±1.46）d和（11.24±3.36）d,比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后观察组外周血NLR、PCT、hs-CRP、WBC水平为（1.35±0.20）、（0.80±0.34）mg/mL、（3.56±0.62）g/L、（9.12±1.80）×10⁹/L,均显著低于对照组的（1.83±0.32）、（2.19±0.73）mg/mL、（9.78±2.64）g/L和（12.26±2.59）×10⁹/L,比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后观察组CD4⁺、CD3⁺、CD4/CD8为（42.77±11.36）％、（41.27±11.26）％、（1.70±0.33）,均显著高于对照组的（35.80±9.32）％、（35.66±9.40）％和（1.29±0.25）,比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率比较无差异（10.00%vs7.50%）（P>0.05）。结论：静注人免疫球蛋白联合万古霉素治疗小儿败血症的疗效显著,可降低炎症因子,提高免疫功能,且安全性较高。     

The effects of long-term exposure of magnetic field via 900-MHz GSM radiation on some biochemical parameters and brain histology in rats

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of magnetic field via cell phones on some blood parameters and neurons in the brain of rats. Animals have been classified into three groups: control, Magnetic Field (MF), and F2 groups. Throughout this study, cell phones were placed on the wall of the cages. Rats were exposed to the effects of cell phones during prenatal and postnatal periods until they were 80 days old. During the study, the exposure procedure of rats was that the phone was in standby mode for a whole day and in talking mode for 30 min per day. The waves of cell phones caused an increased blood glucose level from 96.52 ± 5.64 mg/dl to 132.14 ± 5.93 mg/dl and an increased serum protein level from 131.14 ± 6.19 mg/dl to 319.29 ± 6.73 mg/dl compared to control. Statistically, significant differences wasn't observed in the blood cholesterol concentration between the groups compared to the control. Weekly weight gain decreased in all groups compared to the control. MF exposure decreased pyramidal neuron numbers 51.15% and increased ischemic neuron numbers 73% at cortex region of brain. In addition, vascular dilatations have increased clearly in group F2.Whereas the procedure of MF did not have any effects on hippocampal pyramidal cell numbers, magnetic fields increased the amount of ischemic neurons three-fold compared to the control. In conclusion, MF affected some biochemical parameters, especially the cortex region of the brain.     

栓塞和夹闭治疗对颅内动脉瘤患者认知功能的影响

目的:评估血管内栓塞治疗和显微手术夹闭两种治疗方法对颅内动脉瘤患者认知功能的影响。方法:选取2014年3月至2015年9月重庆市中医院神经外科收治的颅内动脉瘤患者80例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和实验组各40例,对照组采用显微手术夹闭治疗,实验组采用血管内栓塞治疗。应用简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评估术后认知功能,并对比两组住院时间、院内死亡率和1年死亡率以及术后不良反应发生率。结果:实验组MMSE总分为(26.78±0.85)分,高于对照组的(22.25±0.63)分(P0.05);实验组认知功能障碍率为37.50%,低于对照组的55.00%(P0.05);实验组住院时间为(6.7±3.9)天,低于对照组的(9.6±4.5)天(P0.05),两组院内死亡率和1年死亡率比较无统计学差异(P0.05);两组术后不良反应发生率比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:血管内介入治疗可改善颅内动脉瘤患者治疗后的认知功能,缩短住院时间。     

胍丁胺对大鼠应激性体温升高的抑制作用

目的：观察胍丁胺（AGM）是否能降低或反转应激性体温过高反应。方法：61只雄性SD大鼠随机分为3部分,每部分再分为对照组和AGM组。在实验过程中,人工气候箱和开放实验箱内的温度均保持在22℃。①用无线遥测技术连续测量大鼠的体温和活动,观察腹腔注射AGM对安静状态下大鼠正常体温和活动的影响（n=8）;②将大鼠放置在开放实验箱中60 min复制应激性体温过高的模型,用无线遥测技术连续测量开放实验箱内大鼠体温和活动的变化（n=7~8）;③用美国哥伦布公司动物代谢分析系统测量AGM对大鼠能量代谢的影响（n=7）。结果：①腹腔注射AGM 80 mg/kg能引起正常大鼠出现明显低温反应（-0.46±0.11）℃,而注射AGM 40 mg/kg则对正常体温无明显影响。②对照组大鼠腹腔注射生理盐水后,置于开放实验箱内体温升高达（0.78±0.16）℃;给大鼠注射AGM 40或80 mg/kg后,置于开放实验箱内60 min时,体温则分别降低（0.34±0.11）℃和（0.81±0.14）℃。③AGM 80 mg/kg能明显降低大鼠的耗氧量和产热量。结论：AGM能引起正常大鼠出现低温反应和明显翻转应激性体温升高反应,其作用可能与AGM能降低能量代谢有关。     

Concomitant selective adsorption and covalent immobilization of a His-tagged protein switch with silica-based metal chelate-epoxy bifunctional adsorbents

A series of silica-based bifunctional adsorbents containing both metal-chelating groups and epoxy groups for the concomitant purification and immobilization of His-tagged protein switch RG13, a potential bioreceptor for developing maltose biosensors, were prepared by controlling the ratio of iminodiacetic acid-conjugated silane (GLYMO-IDA) and silane (GLYMO) used for surface modification. The bifunctional adsorbent prepared with a [GLYMO-IDA]/[GLYMO] ratio of 0.2, containing a [metal chelating group]/[epoxy group] ratio of 1.42, was shown to exhibit a metal chelating capacity of 88.42 ± 15.91 μmole Cu²⁺/g, a protein adsorption capacity of 1.81 ± 0.19 mg/g and a superior selectivity over the other bifunctional adsorbents. Results of kinetic studies showed that selective adsorption and covalent bond formation at 4 °C were achieved in 1 h and 15 h, respectively, which allowed the sequential adsorption and covalent immobilization of protein switch RG13. A protein immobilization yield of 94.6 % and a global activity yield of 63.4 % were obtained, giving an immobilized protein switch RG13 with an enzymatic activity of 4.57 ± 0.19 U/g, under optimal conditions at pH 8.0 and 40 °C. In the repeated-batch operation, the bifunctional adsorbent-immobilized RG13 retained 91 % of the original activity after 20 cycles, 39 % higher than the counterpart prepared with monofunctional metal chelate adsorbent mediated solely by coordinate linkages.     

Abnormality in Translational Regulation of Catalase Expression in Disorders of Peroxisomal Biogenesis

Abstract: Peroxisomal disorders are a newly described group of inherited neurological diseases. In disorders of peroxisomal biogenesis, e.g., Zellweger syndrome, owing to the lack of peroxisomes, catalase, a peroxisomal enzyme, is found to be present in the cytoplasm instead. We observed higher catalase activity (7.59 ± 0.41 mU/mg of protein) in cultured skin fibroblasts from Zellweger patients than in control fibroblasts (4.45 ± 0.29 mU/mg of protein). Moreover, we also found that the majority of the catalase in Zellweger cells was present in the inactive form. The specific activities following reactivation in Zellweger and control cells were 12.1 and 4.9 mU/mg of protein, respectively. To understand the molecular basis of higher levels of catalase in Zellweger than control cells, we examined the rate of synthesis and turnover of catalase and levels of catalase mRNA and protein levels in Zellweger cells as compared with control cells. The initial rates of synthesis of catalase in Zellweger (1.68 ± 0.15 mU/mg of protein) and control (1.51 ± 0.14 mU/mg of protein) cells were similar. The rates of turnover of catalase in Zellweger (t_1/2 = 47 ± 8 h) and control (t_1/2 = 49 ± 7 h) were also similar. Consistent with the enzyme activity, the levels of catalase protein were higher in Zellweger cells as compared with control cells. On the other hand, there was no difference in the level of catalase mRNA between control and Zellweger cells. Although the rate of synthesis in Zellweger and control cells were initially similar, it was down-regulated to a lower level at ～72 h of culture in control fibroblasts as compared with Zellweger cells, which continued to synthesize catalase at the same rate up to 5 days in culture. The presence of similar levels of mRNA in control and Zellweger cells and continued synthesis of catalase in Zellweger cells at a higher level as compared with control cells suggest a loss of regulation at the translational level.     

Palm tocotrienol-rich fraction reduced plasma homocysteine and heart oxidative stress in rats fed with a high-methionine diet

Oxidative stress contributes to cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to study the effects of palm tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) on plasma homocysteine and cardiac oxidative stress in rats fed with a high-methionine diet. Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into six groups. The first group was the control. Groups 2–6 were fed 1 % methionine diet for 10 weeks. From week 6 onward, folate (8 mg/kg diet) or palm TRF (30, 60 and 150 mg/kg diet) was added into the diet of groups 3, 4, 5 and 6. The rats were then killed. Palm TRF at 150 mg/kg and folate supplementation prevented the increase in plasma total homocysteine (4.14?±?0.33 and 4.30?±?0.26 vs 5.49?±?0.25 mmol/L, p?<?0.05) induced by a high-methionine diet. The increased heart thiobarbituric acid reactive substance in rats fed with high-methionine diet was also prevented by the supplementations of palm TRF (60 and 150 mg/kg) and folate. The high-methionine group had a lower glutathione peroxidase activity (49?±?3 vs 69?±?4 pmol/mg protein/min) than the control group. This reduction was reversed by palm TRF at 60 and 150 mg/kg diet (p?<?0.05), but not by folate. Catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were unaffected by both methionine and vitamin supplementations. In conclusion, palm TRF was comparable to folate in reducing high-methionine diet-induced hyperhomocysteinemia and oxidative stress in the rats’ hearts. However, palm TRF was more effective than folate in preserving the heart glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity.     

Ca2+ transport activities of inside-out vesicles prepared from density-separated erythrocytes from rat and human

The plasma membrane Ca²⁺ ATPase in erythrocytes is vital for the maintenance of intracellular Ca²⁺ levels. Since the cytoplasmic Ca²⁺ concentration is elevated in older erythrocytes, the properties of the Ca²⁺ transport ATPase were examined during cell aging using inside-out vesicles (IOVs) prepared from density-separated, young (less dense, Ey) and old (more dense, Eo) rat and human erythrocytes. The transport of Ca²⁺ and the coupled hydrolysis of ATP were measured using radiolabeled substrates. The calmodulin-independent Ca²⁺ transport activity (Ey, 38.8 vs. Eo, 23.3 nmols/min/mg IOV protein) and the Ca²⁺ dependent ATP phosphohydrolase activity (Ey, 53.5 vs. Eo, 48.8 nmols/min/mg protein) were greater in IOVs prepared from younger (less dense) rat erythrocytes. The calmodulin-independent Ca²⁺ transport activity in IOVs from human erythrocytes was 12.9 nmols/min/mg IOV protein for Ey and 10.7 nmols/min/mg IOV protein for Eo. Inside-out vesicles from older (more dense) cells exhibited a lower pumping efficiency as determined by the calculated stoichiometry, molecule of Ca²⁺ transported per molecule of ATP hydrolyzed (rat: Ey, 0.74 vs. Eo, 0.49; human: Ey, 1.22 vs. Eo, 0.77). The enzymatic activity of rat and human Ey IOVs was labile. The Ca²⁺ transport activity in Ey but not Eo IOVs rapidly declined during cold storage (4°C). The decrease in Ca²⁺ transport activity during aging may accentuate the age-related decline in several erythrocytic properties.Abbreviations IOV Inside-Out Vesicles - Ey Erythrocytes enriched with young (less dense) cells - Eo Erythrocytes enriched with old (more dense) cells - ACEase Acetylcholinesterase     

肾小球肾炎血清BUN、RBP的诊断价值分析

摘要 目的：探讨肾小球肾炎血清中尿素氮（BUN）、视黄醇结合蛋白（RBP）的表达及意义。方法：选择2018年1月至2021年1月大华医院和我院接诊的75例肾小球肾炎患者为本研究对象,设为试验组,另选择同期在我院体检的55例作为对照组,分析血清BUN、RBP水平变化情况,及其诊断价值。结果：试验组患者血清BUN、RBP水平（15.52±1.51 mmol/L、97.87±21.28 mg/L）显著高于对照组（5.07±0.97 mmol/L、42.17±10.25 mg/L）,差异显著（P＜0.05）;重度肾小球肾炎患者血清BUN、RBP水平（19.01±1.20 mmol/L、118.83±21.24 mg/L）均显著高于轻度（11.56±1.07 mmol/L、71.24±19.87 mg/L）、中度肾小球肾炎患者（14.89±1.12 mmol/L、95.75±22.13 mg/L）,差异显著（P＜0.05）;中度肾小球肾炎患者血清 BUN、RBP水平（14.89±1.12 mmol/L、95.75±22.13 mg/L）均显著高于轻度肾小球肾炎患者（11.56±1.07 mmol/L、71.24±19.87 mg/L）,差异显著（P＜0.05）;BUN诊断肾小球肾炎的AUC为0.866,95%CI为0.807~0.926,截断值为8.45 mmol/L;RBP诊断肾小球肾炎的AUC为0.957,95%CI为0.927~0.987,截断值为57.29 mg/L;联合检测诊断肾小球肾炎的AUC为0.991,95%CI为0.980~1.000,单独检测分别和联合检测曲线下面积比较均具有显著差异（Z=4.11、2.150,P＜0.05）;联合检测的特异度、准确度分别为93.41%、94.15%。结论：在肾小球肾炎患者中血清BUN、RBP的表达和病情严重程度之间存在着密切关系,可作为诊断肾小球肾炎的重要指标。