白地霉Cryytococcus neoformans脂肪酶产酶条件与纯化

目的:获得白地霉脂肪酶发酵的最优条件。方法:采用摇床培养的方法对各种影响因素进行筛选,结果:最适产酶条件为:豆油作碳源,蛋白胨作氮源,PEG600为表面活性剂,添加MgSO4、FeSO4、ZnSO4,pH8.7培养48h。采用双水相萃取和凝胶过滤两步纯化得到电泳均一的脂肪酶,纯化倍数达到72.2倍,其相对分子量约为38±1kDa。结论:得出采用双水相萃取脂肪酶的方法比较理想,该研究为新疆天山一号冰川白地霉脂肪酶的研究奠定了理论基础。     

低温脂肪酶的产酶条件优化及其酶学性质

利用单因素筛选和正交试验对Burkholderia sp. SYBC LIP-Y发酵产酶的液体培养基和发酵条件进行了优化,其优化配方为：可溶性淀粉10 g/L、牛肉膏15 g/L、NaNO3 0.252 g/L、橄榄油40ml/L、Triton x-100 10ml/L、初始pH 7.5、接种量10%(V/V),脂肪酶酶活达到85.23U/ml,是优化前的3.63倍。通过对双水相纯化得到的脂肪酶进行酶学性质研究,确定该酶反应的最适pH为10.0,最适温度为30℃,40℃下保温60min酶活性还有80%以上,该脂肪酶为低温脂肪酶,热稳定性好,具有一定的耐醇性,应用前景广阔。     

双水相萃取法分离竹叶黄酮的工艺研究

以竹叶黄酮水提溶液为原料,采用PEG(聚乙二醇)/(NH4)2SO4双水相体系对竹叶黄酮进行萃取,考察了PEG平均相对分子质量、PEG质量分数、(NH4)2SO4质量分数、pH值、NaCl质量分数、原液质量分数、萃取温度等对双水相及竹叶黄酮萃取效果的影响。双水相萃取法提取竹叶黄酮的最优条件为:PEG 400 31%,(NH4)2SO411%,pH 3.9,NaCl 0.7%,原液51.5%,萃取温度20℃,在此条件下得到的竹叶黄酮萃取率为97.8%。结果说明,双水相萃取法操作简单方便,成本低,不会引起生物质失活或变性,适合于黄酮类化合物的萃取分离。     

Separation of Flavonoids from Bamboo Leaves by Aqueous Two-Phase Extraction

以竹叶黄酮水提溶液为原料,采用PEG(聚乙二醇)/(NH4 )2SO4双水相体系对竹叶黄酮进行萃取,考察了PEG平均相对分子质量、PEG质量分数、(NH4)2SO4质量分数、pH值、NaCl质量分数、原液质量分数、萃取温度等对双水相及竹叶黄酮萃取效果的影响.双水相萃取法提取竹叶黄酮的最优条件为:PEG 400 31％,(NH4)2 SO4 11％,pH3.9,NaCl 0.7％,原液51.5％,萃取温度20℃,在此条件下得到的竹叶黄酮萃取率为97.8％.结果说明,双水相萃取法操作简单方便,成本低,不会引起生物质失活或变性,适合于黄酮类化合物的萃取分离.     

产低温脂肪酶菌株Geotrichum candidum ch-3的选育、发酵条件及酶学性质研究

从新疆昌吉市油脂化工厂的含油冻土中筛选到一株产低温脂肪酶的菌株ch-3,形态鉴定及18SrDNA序列分析表明该菌株为白地霉,命名为Geotrichum candidum ch-3。我们对其生长及产酶情况和酶性质做了初步研究。该菌株的最适生长温度是20℃。玉米浆、豆油可显著促进脂肪酶的产生。粗酶液经双水相萃取和Sephadex G-75凝胶过滤分离纯化后进行酶学性质的研究。该脂肪酶最适作用温度为35℃,在0℃可保持66%的相对酶活性,最适pH值为7.0,对热较敏感,50℃处理20min,剩余酶活为55%,Fe2＋、Cu2＋、Mn2＋以及Ca2＋对酶有较强的激活作用。     

白地霉Cryytococcus neoformans脂肪酶的双水相萃取

本文研究了不同无机盐的双水相体系对白地霉脂肪酶的萃取分离效果,对PEG/（NH4）2SO4成相系统进行了系统的研究,通过考察体系PEG分子量、不同的无机盐、PEG浓度、（NH4）2SO4浓度、离子强度、pH值及（NH4）2SO4浓度对反萃取的影响,并通过正交实验进一步优化了实验条件,初步确定在PEG浓度15%,（NH4）2SO4浓度22.5%,pH8.0,不加NaCl的条件下进行双水相萃取,脂肪酶分离系数和纯化倍数分别为6.8和7.5,比活力达到40.3 U/mg蛋白。     

双水相体系萃取人参根中人参皂苷的研究

建立稳定的聚乙二醇(PEG)与(NH4)2SO4双水相体系以分离人参根中人参皂苷。通过上下相体积比(R)、分配系数(K)和回收率(Y)分析双水相体系对人参皂苷的萃取效果,研究了PEG分子量、PEG/(NH4)2SO4质量分数、pH值和温度等因素对双水相成相及人参皂苷萃取的影响。结果表明:PEG分子量为3350、PEG3350的质量分数为12%、(NH4)2SO4质量分数为16%、溶液pH为7.0、温度为60℃时,双水相体系对人参皂苷有较高的萃取率,回收率可到达88.94%。     

双水相萃取丽江山慈菇中的秋水仙碱

建立了由聚乙二醇(PEG6000)与(NH4)2SO4形成的双水相体系萃取丽江山慈菇中秋水仙碱的新方法。考察了PEG分子量、PEG的浓度、(NH4)2SO4的浓度和pH值对双水相成相及秋水仙碱萃取率的影响,并结合HPLC对萃取相进行检测。结果表明:PEG6000质量分数为8%,(NH4)2SO4质量分数为20%,pH为7.0时,双水相体系对丽江山慈菇粗提液中秋水仙碱萃取率达82.09%,富集倍数为6.84倍。此方法可用于丽江山慈菇中秋水仙碱的初步分离富集,且操作简单,绿色无污染。     

利用双水相萃取技术分离纯化尿激酶

通过研究双水相萃取系统的各种影响因素：乙醇／（NH4）2SO4的组成比例、pH值、无机盐的加入、粗酶的浓度等,探索以乙醇／（NH4）2SO4组成的双水相萃取体系纯化尿激酶的最佳条件。建立以乙醇／（NH4）2SO4组成的双水相萃取体系分离纯化尿激酶的新途径。结果表明：双水相萃取系统冰乙醇浓度为65％,（NH4）2SO4浓度为10．0％,pH8．0,酶加入量为30％,且不加入任何其他无机盐的条件下,尿激酶的纯化倍数可达到9．2倍,回收率最高达92％。     

白地霉脂肪酶的双水相萃取和反胶团提取

对影响双水相萃取和反胶团提取脂肪酶的各种因素进行了探讨,并通过正交实验进一步优化提取条件,PEG浓度15%,(NH4)2SO4浓度22.5%,pH8.0的条件下进行双水相萃取,脂肪酶纯化倍数达到7.5倍;CTAB浓度150mmol/L,相体积比4/2,水相pH8.0,温度40℃的条件下进行反胶团提取,脂肪酶的比活力达到最大,但其比活力稍有下降,约为原来的0.9倍。     

粗壮假丝酵母(Candida valida 20231)产脂肪酶发酵条件的研究

对粗壮假丝酵母(Candida valida 20231)产脂肪酶所需的培养基成分和发酵条件进行了优化。结果表明,粗壮假丝酵母在接种后3 h即进入对数期,18 h后转入稳定期,66 h后进入衰退期;发酵36 h达到最大酶活,至72 h仍然无明显下降趋势。最适合的培养基成分为:4.0%大豆粉,2.0%菜籽油,0.3%葡萄糖,0.3%NH_4NO_3,1.2%K_2HPO_4,0.42%NaH_2PO_4,0.4%MgSO_4·7H_2O。使用优化的培养基,最佳产酶的条件为:装液量80 mL(250 mL摇瓶),初始pH 6,接种量为2.0%,种子菌龄为12 h。在最佳产酶条件下,脂肪酶活力达到32.6 U/mL。     

Purification and partial characterization of two new cold-adapted lipases from mesophilic Geotrichum sp. SYBC WU-3

Two cold-adapted lipases (Lipase-A and Lipase-B in the paper) of mesophilic Geotrichum sp. SYBC WU-3 were purified by using (NH₄)₂SO₄ fractionation, chromatography separation on a DEAE-cellulose-32 column and a Sephadex G100 column. The molecular mass of Lipase-A and Lipase-B were determined to be approximately 41.1 and 35.8 kDa, respectively by SDS-PAGE. The optimum temperature for the activity of Lipase-A was found to be 20 °C, and that of Lipase-B was 15 °C. Lipase-A and Lipase-B had good stability when temperature was below 40 °C. Both the optimum pH for the activity of the lipases was 9.5. Lipase-A retained about 80% of its activity when pH was between 3 and 6 and Lipase-B maintained over 80% activity in the pH range of 3–8. The two lipases showed hydrolysis efficiency to various p-nitrophenyl esters, but they were more active with shorter p-nitrophenyl esters (C2 and C4).     

Isolation and partial characterization of A beta-glucuronidase of the mollusk Pomacea sp

This paper studies the beta-glucuronidase in the mollusk Pomacea sp. The beta-glucuronidase was isolated 206-fold with a 1,5% yield and the cinetc parameters was: pH 5.0, 65 degrees C, K(m) of 72 x 10(-2) mM and molecular mass of 116 kDa. HPLC confirmed the purity. BaCl(2) increased beta-glucuronidase activity and SDS and NaH(2)PO(4) inhibited completely.     

不同水平磷对磷饥饿墨兰生长发育及某些生理特性的影响

将磷饥饿的墨兰无土栽培在5个NaH_2PO_4水平的营养液中,结果表明:0.20mmol/L NaH_2PO_4有利于叶芽生长;当叶片张开后,1mmol/NaH_2PO_4促进光合作用和呼吸作用,叶片生长较快,褐斑病病斑较少,每株花数增多.     

Purification of lipase produced by a new source of Bacillus in submerged fermentation using an aqueous two-phase system

This work discusses the application of an aqueous two-phase system for the purification of lipases produced by Bacillus sp. ITP-001 using polyethylene glycol (PEG) and potassium phosphate. In the first step, the protein content was precipitated with ammonium sulphate (80% saturation). The enzyme remained in the aqueous solution and was dialyzed against ultra-pure water for 18 h and used to prepare an aqueous two-phase system (PEG/potassium phosphate). The use of different molecular weights of PEG to purify the lipase was investigated; the best purification factor (PF) was obtained using PEG 20,000g/mol, however PEG 8000 was used in the next tests due to lower viscosity. The influence of PEG and potassium phosphate concentrations on the enzyme purification was then studied: the highest FP was obtained with 20% of PEG and 18% of potassium phosphate. NaCl was added to increase the hydrophobicity between the phases, and also increased the purification factor. The pH value and temperature affected the enzyme partitioning, with the best purifying conditions achieved at pH 6.0 and 4°C. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was determined to be approximately 54 kDa by SDS-PAGE. According to the results the best combination for purifying the enzyme is PEG 8000g/mol and potassium phosphate (20/18%) with 6% of NaCl at pH 6.0 and 4°C (201.53 fold). The partitioning process of lipase is governed by the entropy contribution.     

不同水平磷对磷饥饿墨兰生长发育及某些生理特性的影响

将磷饥饿的墨兰无土栽培在5个NaH_2PO_4水平的营养液中,结果表明:0.20mmol/L NaH_2PO_4有利于叶芽生长;当叶片张开后,1mmol/NaH_2PO_4促进光合作用和呼吸作用,叶片生长较快,褐斑病病斑较少,每株花数增多.     

Effective extraction and purification of beta-xylosidase from Trichoderma koningii fermentation culture by aqueous two-phase partitioning

Effective extraction of protein from bulk medium is an important technique in bioresearch. In the present study, we describe an extracellular beta-xylosidase from the fermentation supernatant of Trichoderma koningii G-39 that was successfully extracted and purified simultaneously in a single step by using an aqueous two-phase partitioning method. This two-phase system was prepared by dissolving suitable amount of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and sodium dihydrogenphosphate (NaH(2)PO(4)) in aqueous solution. beta-Xylosidase was recovered with high yield and high concentration in the bottom salt-rich phase when 25% (w/v) PEG 1500 and 20-25% (w/v) NaH(2)PO(4) were applied. Based on a 1-liter scale extraction, the purity of the enzyme was enhanced at least 33-fold. The total activity increased 422% in comparison with that in the untreated filtrate. The effectiveness and simplicity may make this technique potentially useful in various applications. The transxylosylation activity of the enzyme purified by this technique was also investigated.     

脂肪酶抑制剂产生菌Bacillus sp.LF深层发酵条件研究

随着生活水平的不断提高 ,肥胖在中国也开始成为影响人们健康的主要危险之一。目前市场上常见的减肥产品主要是作用于大脑 ,通过抑制食欲减少食物的摄入 ,由于这类药可能产生大脑、心血管及神经系统的副作用 ,不宜长期使用。瘦素 (Leptin)是一种肥胖基因表达的多肽激素 ,也是通过食欲中枢发挥作用 ,可以抑制食欲 ,提高代谢率 ,达到减肥的目的。因而另一类减肥药品脂肪酶抑制剂近年来受到国内外重视。脂肪酶抑制剂可直接阻断人体对脂肪的吸收 ,它不需要通过影响中枢神经系统来抑制人体的食欲 ,而是阻止脂肪在胃肠道的吸收。文献报道脂肪酶抑…     

黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)脂肪酶的纯化及性质分析

从黑曲霉发酵液中经硫酸铵分级沉淀,Phenyl-Sepharose疏水柱层析,DEAE-Sepharose 4B阴离子交换柱得到电泳纯的脂肪酶,纯化倍数达10倍,回收率50％。对脂肪酶的性质分析表明：该酶分子质量约为35kDa,最适温度和最适pH分别为37℃和9．5,50℃以下和pH6．0～11．0之间保持稳定,属于碱性脂肪酶。Mg^2＋、Ca^2＋、Cu^2＋、Zn^2＋、Co^2＋、Mn2^＋对该酶有激活作用,而Al^3＋、Fe^2＋、Fe^3＋对酶有严重抑制作用。变性剂盐酸胍和脲对其未见显著影响,而SDS强烈抑制其酶活。用不同氨基酸修饰剂对酶进行修饰,其中NBS和PMSF强烈抑制该酶活性,NBSF和DTT在低浓度下对酶活影响不大,2,3-丁二酮在高浓度下影响其活性。外加稳定剂如NaCl、PEG、甘油、山梨醇、海藻酸钠,均可不同程度的延长脂肪酶的半衰期。在一定质量比条件下,该酶有良好的抗蛋白酶性质。