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1.
Hellen S. Santos Tero Laihinen Lucas C.V. Rodrigues Jari Sinkkonen Ermei Mkil Pia Damlin Liana K.O. Nakamura Hermi F. Brito Jorma Hls Mika Lastusaari 《Luminescence》2019,34(1):23-38
Trivalent europium (Eu3+) and terbium (Tb3+) ions are important activator centers used in different host lattices to produce red and green emitting materials. The current work shows the design of new clay minerals to act as host lattices for rare earth (RE) ions. Based on the hectorite structure, nano‐chlorohectorites and nano‐fluorohectorites were developed by replacing the OH? present in the hectorite structure with Cl? or F?, thus avoiding the luminescence quenching expected due to the OH? groups. The produced matrices were characterized through X‐ray powder diffraction (XPD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), FT‐IR, 29Si MAS (magic angle spinning) NMR, nitrogen sorption, thermogravimetry‐differential scanning calorimetry (TGA‐DSC) and luminescence measurements, indicating all good features expected from a host lattice for RE ions. The nano‐clay materials were successfully doped with Eu3+ and/or Tb3+ to yield materials preserving the hectorite crystal structure and showing the related luminescence emissions. Thus, the present work shows that efficient RE3+ luminescence can be obtained from clays without the use of organic ‘antenna’ molecules. 相似文献
2.
Fluorescent studies on the interaction of DNA and ternary lanthanide complexes with cinnamic acid‐phenanthroline and antibacterial activities testing
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Twelve lanthanide complexes with cinnamate (cin–) and 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen) were synthesized and characterized. Their compositions were assumed to be RE(cin)3phen (RE3+ = La3+, Pr3+, Nd3+, Sm3+, Eu3+, Gd3+, Tb3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Tm3+, Yb3+, Lu3+). The interaction mode between the complexes and DNA was investigated by fluorescence quenching experiment. The results indicated the complexes could bind to DNA and the main binding mode is intercalative binding. The fluorescence quenching constants of the complexes increased from La(cin)3phen to Lu(cin)3phen. Additionally, the antibacterial activity testing showed that the complexes exhibited excellent antibacterial ability against Escherichia coli, and the changes of antibacterial ability are in agreement with that of the fluorescence quenching constants. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
3.
A. Nur K. Hirota H. Yumoto K. Hirao D. Liu K. Takahashi K. Murakami T. Matsuo R. Shu Y. Miyake 《Journal of applied microbiology》2013,115(1):260-270
Aims
The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of homologous and heterologous extracellular DNAs (eDNAs) and histone‐like DNA‐binding protein (HLP) on Streptococcus intermedius biofilm development and rigidity.Methods and Results
Formed biofilm mass was measured with 0·1% crystal violet staining method and observed with a scanning electron microscope. The localizations of eDNA and extracellular HLP (eHLP) in formed biofilm were detected by staining with 7‐hydoxyl‐9H‐(1,3‐dichloro‐9,9‐dimethylacridin‐2‐one) and anti‐HLP antibody without fixation, respectively. DNase I treatment (200 U ml?1) markedly decreased biofilm formation and cell density in biofilms. Colocalization of eHLP and eDNA in biofilm was confirmed. The addition of eDNA (up to 1 μg ml?1) purified from Strep. intermedius, other Gram‐positive bacteria, Gram‐negative bacteria, or human KB cells into the Strep. intermedius culture increased the biofilm mass of all tested strains of Strep. intermedius, wild‐type, HLP‐downregulated strain and control strains. In contrast, the addition of eDNA (>1 μg ml?1) decreased the biofilm mass of all Strep. intermedius strains.Conclusions
These findings demonstrated that eDNA and eHLP play crucial roles in biofilm development and its rigidity.Significance and Impact of the Study
eDNA‐ and HLP‐targeting strategies may be applicable to novel treatments for bacterial biofilm‐related infectious diseases. 相似文献4.
Y2‐xGeMoO8:REx (RE = Eu, Tb) phosphors were synthesized using a facile sol–gel method. The morphology and structure of the phosphors were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD); while their luminescent properties were investigated by photoluminescence (PL) spectrometry. Our results reveal that all of these Y2‐xGeMoO8:REx (RE = Eu, Tb) phosphors adopted the tetragonal phase, belonging to Scheelite (CaWO4) structure. The obtained YGeMoO8:Eu phosphors exhibit a strong emission in the red light range which can be assigned to the 5D0 → 7F2 transition of Eu3+ when it is excited at 459 nm. Under 392 and 489 nm excitation, the YGeMoO8:Tb phosphors present predominant green emission (5D4 → 7F5) at 540 nm. The highest emission of the phosphors can be achieved by adjusting the doping concentration to be 0.25 for Eu3+ and 0.15 for Tb3+, respectively. The promising luminescence properties of these materials indicate that they can be potentially applied to white‐light‐emitting diodes. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
5.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen whose survival is aided by forming communities known as biofilms, in which cells are encased in a self‐produced matrix. We devised a mutant screen based on colony morphology to identify additional genes with previously unappreciated roles in biofilm formation. Our screen, which identified most known biofilm‐related genes, also uncovered PA14_16550 and PA14_69700, deletions of which abrogated and augmented biofilm formation respectively. We also identified ptsP, which encodes enzyme I of the nitrogen‐regulated phosphotransferase (PTSNtr) system, as being important for cyclic‐di‐GMP production and for biofilm formation. Further experiments showed that biofilm formation is hindered in the absence of phosphotransfer through the PTSNtr, but only in the presence of enzyme II (PtsN), the putative regulatory module of the PTSNtr. These results implicate unphosphorylated PtsN as a negative regulator of biofilm formation and establish one of the first known roles of the PTSNtr in P. aeruginosa. 相似文献
6.
Photoluminescence properties of aeschynite‐type LaNbTiO6:RE3+ (RE = Tb,Dy, Ho) down‐converting phosphors
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In this study, a series of LaNbTiO6:RE3+ (RE = Tb, Dy, Ho) down‐converting phosphors were synthesized using a modified sol–gel combustion method, and their photoluminescence (PL) properties were investigated as a function of activator concentration and annealing temperature. The resultant particles were characterized using X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and PL spectra. The highly crystalline LaNbTiO6:RE3+ (RE = Tb, Dy, Ho) phosphors with an average size of 200–300 nm obtained at 1100°C have an orthorhombic aeschynite‐type structure and exhibit the highest luminescent intensity in our study range. The emission spectra of LaNbTiO6:RE3+ (RE = Tb, Dy, Ho) phosphors under excitations at UV/blue sources are mainly composed of characteristic peaks arising from the f–f transitions of RE3+, including 489 nm (5D4 → 7F6) and 545 nm (5D4 → 7F5) for Tb3+, 476 and 482 nm (4F9/2 → 6H15/2) and 571 nm (4F9/2 → 6H13/2) for Dy3+, and 545 nm (5F4 + 5S2 → 5I8) for Ho3+, respectively. The luminescent mechanisms were further investigated. It can be expected that these phosphors are of intense interest and potential importance for many optical applications. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
7.
A. Ikonomidis A. Tsakris M. Kanellopoulou A.N. Maniatis S. Pournaras 《Letters in applied microbiology》2008,47(4):298-302
Aims: Proton motive force (PMF) inhibition enhances the intracellular accumulation of autoinducers possibly interfering with biofilm formation. We evaluated the effect of the PMF inhibitor carbonyl cyanide‐m‐chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm development. Methods and Results: Four epidemiologically unrelated P. aeruginosa isolates were studied. A MexAB‐oprM overproducing strain was used as control. Expression of gene mexB was examined and biofilm formation after incubation with 0, 12·5 and 25 μmol l?1 of CCCP was investigated. Mean values of optical density were analysed with one‐way analysis of variance and t‐test. Two isolates subexpressed mexB gene and only 25 μmol l?1 of CCCP affected biofilm formation. Biofilms of the other two isolates and control strain PA140 exhibited significantly lower absorbance (P ranging from <0·01 to <0·05) with either 12·5 or 25 μmol l?1 of CCCP. Conclusions: The PMF inhibitor CCCP effect was correlated with the expression of MexAB‐OprM efflux system and found to compromise biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa. Significance and Impact of the Study: These data suggest that inhibition of PMF‐dependent trasporters might decrease biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa. 相似文献
8.
Processing of cell‐surface signalling anti‐sigma factors prior to signal recognition is a conserved autoproteolytic mechanism that produces two functional domains
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Karlijn C. Bastiaansen Joaquín R. Otero‐Asman Joen Luirink Wilbert Bitter María A. Llamas 《Environmental microbiology》2015,17(9):3263-3277
Cell‐surface signalling (CSS) enables Gram‐negative bacteria to transduce an environmental signal into a cytosolic response. This regulatory cascade involves an outer membrane receptor that transmits the signal to an anti‐sigma factor in the cytoplasmic membrane, allowing the activation of an extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor. Recent studies have demonstrated that RseP‐mediated proteolysis of the anti‐sigma factors is key to σECF activation. Using the Pseudomonas aeruginosa FoxR anti‐sigma factor, we show here that RseP is responsible for the generation of an N‐terminal tail that likely contains pro‐sigma activity. Furthermore, it has been reported previously that this anti‐sigma factor is processed in two separate domains prior to signal recognition. Here, we demonstrate that this process is common in these types of proteins and that the processing event is probably due to autoproteolytic activity. The resulting domains interact and function together to transduce the CSS signal. However, our results also indicate that this processing event is not essential for activity. In fact, we have identified functional CSS anti‐sigma factors that are not cleaved prior to signal perception. Together, our results indicate that CSS regulation can occur through both complete and initially processed anti‐sigma factors. 相似文献
9.
Gram‐negative bacteria cause many types of infections in animals from fish and shrimps to humans. Bacteria use Type III secretion systems (TTSSs) to translocate their toxins directly into eukaryotic cells. The V‐antigen is a multifunctional protein required for the TTSS in Yersinia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. V‐antigen vaccines and anti‐V‐antigen antisera confer protection against Yersinia or P. aeruginosa infections in animal models. The V‐antigen forms a pentameric cap structure at the tip of the Type III secretory needle; this structure, which has evolved from the bacterial flagellar cap structure, is indispensable for toxin translocation. Various pathogenic gram‐negative bacteria such as Photorhabdus luminescens, Vibrio spp., and Aeromonas spp. encode homologs of the V‐antigen. Because the V‐antigens of pathogenic gram‐negative bacteria play a key role in toxin translocation, they are potential therapeutic targets for combatting bacterial virulence. In the USA and Europe, these vaccines and specific antibodies against V‐antigens are in clinical trials investigating the treatment of Yersinia or P. aeruginosa infections. Pathogenic gram‐negative bacteria are of great interest because of their ability to infect fish and shrimp farms, their potential for exploitation in biological terrorism attacks, and their ability to cause opportunistic infections in humans. Thus, elucidation of the roles of the V‐antigen in the TTSS and mechanisms by which these functions can be blocked is critical to facilitating the development of improved anti‐V‐antigen strategies. 相似文献
10.
Kajal Gupta Julie Liao Olga E. Petrova K. E. Cherny Karin Sauer 《Molecular microbiology》2014,92(3):488-506
Biofilms are highly structured, surface‐associated communities. A hallmark of biofilms is their extraordinary resistance to antimicrobial agents that is activated during early biofilm development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and requires the regulatory hybrid SagS and BrlR, a member of the MerR family of multidrug efflux pump activators. However, little is known about the mechanism by which SagS contributes to BrlR activation or drug resistance. Here, we demonstrate that ΔsagS biofilm cells harbour the secondary messenger c‐di‐GMP at reduced levels similar to those observed in wild‐type cells grown planktonically rather than as biofilms. Restoring c‐di‐GMP levels to wild‐type biofilm‐like levels restored brlR expression, DNA binding by BrlR, and recalcitrance to killing by antimicrobial agents of ΔsagS biofilm cells. We likewise found that increasing c‐di‐GMP levels present in planktonic cells to biofilm‐like levels (≥ 55 pmol mg?1) resulted in planktonic cells being significantly more resistant to antimicrobial agents, with increased resistance correlating with increased brlR, mexA, and mexE expression and BrlR production. In contrast, reducing cellular c‐di‐GMP levels of biofilm cells to ≤ 40 pmol mg?1 correlated with increased susceptibility and reduced brlR expression. Our findings suggest that a signalling pathway involving a specific c‐di‐GMP pool regulated by SagS contributes to the resistance of P. aeruginosa biofilms. 相似文献
11.
12.
Christophe Bordi Marie‐Cécile Lamy Isabelle Ventre Elise Termine Abderrahman Hachani Sandy Fillet Béatrice Roche Sophie Bleves Vincent Méjean Andrée Lazdunski Alain Filloux 《Molecular microbiology》2010,76(6):1427-1443
Bacterial pathogenesis often depends on regulatory networks, two‐component systems and small RNAs (sRNAs). In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the RetS sensor pathway downregulates expression of two sRNAs, rsmY and rsmZ. Consequently, biofilm and the Type Six Secretion System (T6SS) are repressed, whereas the Type III Secretion System (T3SS) is activated. We show that the HptB signalling pathway controls biofilm and T3SS, and fine‐tunes P. aeruginosa pathogenesis. We demonstrate that RetS and HptB intersect at the GacA response regulator, which directly controls sRNAs production. Importantly, RetS controls both sRNAs, whereas HptB exclusively regulates rsmY expression. We reveal that HptB signalling is a complex regulatory cascade. This cascade involves a response regulator, with an output domain belonging to the phosphatase 2C family, and likely an anti‐anti‐σ factor. This reveals that the initial input in the Gac system comes from several signalling pathways, and the final output is adjusted by a differential control on rsmY and rsmZ. This is exemplified by the RetS‐dependent but HptB‐independent control on T6SS. We also demonstrate a redundant action of the two sRNAs on T3SS gene expression, while the impact on pel gene expression is additive. These features underpin a novel mechanism in the fine‐tuned regulation of gene expression. 相似文献
13.
A. A. Romani M. C. Baroni S. Taddei F. Ghidini P. Sansoni S. Cavirani C. S. Cabassi 《Journal of peptide science》2013,19(9):554-565
Antimicrobial‐peptide‐based therapies could represent a reliable alternative to overcome antibiotic resistance, as they offer potential advantages such as rapid microbicidal activity and multiple activities against a broad spectrum of bacterial pathogens. Three synthetic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), AMP72, AMP126, and also AMP2041, designed by using ad hoc screening software developed in house, were synthesized and tested against nine reference strains. The peptides showed a partial β‐sheet structure in 10‐mM phosphate buffer. Low cytolytic activity towards both human cell lines (epithelial, endothelial, and fibroblast) and sheep erythrocytes was observed for all peptides. The antimicrobial activity was dose dependent with a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranging from 0.17 to 10.12 μM (0.4–18.5 µg/ml) for Gram‐negative and 0.94 to 20.65 μM (1.72‐46.5 µg/ml) for Gram‐positive bacteria. Interestingly, in high‐salt environment, the antibacterial activity was generally maintained for Gram‐negative bacteria. All peptides achieved complete bacterial killing in 20 min or less against Gram‐negative bacteria. A linear time‐dependent membrane permeabilization was observed for the tested peptides at 12.5 µg/ml. In a medium containing Mg2+ and Ca2+, the peptide combination with EDTA restores the antimicrobial activity particularly for AMP2041. Moreover, in combination with anti‐infective agents (quinolones or aminoglycosides) known to bind divalent cation, AMP126 and AMP2041 showed additive activity in comparison with colistin. Our results suggest the following: (i) there is excellent activity against Gram‐negative bacteria, (ii) there is low cytolytic activity, (iii) the presence of a chelating agent restores the antimicrobial activity in a medium containing Mg2+ and Ca2+, and (iv) the MBC value of the combination AMPs–conventional antibiotics was lower than the MBC of single agents alone. Copyright © 2013 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
14.
Synthesis,crystal structure and fluorescence properties of terbium complexes with phenoxyacetic acid and 2,4,6‐tris‐(2‐pyridyl)‐s–triazine
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Xiao‐Yan Wei Yan‐Rong Qu Bin Yue Jie Kang Hai‐Bin Chu Yong‐Liang Zhao 《Luminescence》2015,30(6):835-841
Two complexes of Tb3+, Gd3+/Tb3+ and one heteronuclear crystal Gd3+/Tb3+ with phenoxyacetic acid (HPOA) and 2,4,6‐tris‐(2‐pyridyl)‐s–triazine (TPTZ) have been synthesized. Elemental analysis, rare earth coordination titration, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP‐AES) and thermogravimetric analysis‐differential scanning calorimetry (TG‐DSC) analysis show that the two complexes are Tb2(POA)6(TPTZ)2·6H2O and TbGd(POA)6(TPTZ)2·6H2O, respectively. The crystal structure of TbGd(POA)6(TPTZ)2·2CH3OH was determined using single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The monocrystal belongs to the triclinic system with the P‐1 space group. In particular, each metal ion is coordinately bonded to three nitrogen atoms of one TPTZ and seven oxygen atoms of three phenoxyacetic ions. Furthermore, there exist two coordinate forms between C6H5OCH2COO– and the metal ions in the crystal. One is a chelating bidentate, the other is chelating and bridge coordinating. Fluorescence determination shows that the two complexes possess strong fluorescence emissions. Furthermore, the fluorescence intensity of the Gd3+/Tb3+ complex is much stronger than that of the undoped complex, which may result from a decrease in the concentration quench of Tb3+ ions, and intramolecular energy transfer from the ligands coordinated with Gd3+ ions to Tb3+ ions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
Nicolas Barraud Michael V. Storey Zoe P. Moore Jeremy S. Webb Scott A. Rice Staffan Kjelleberg 《Microbial biotechnology》2009,2(3):370-378
Strategies to induce biofilm dispersal are of interest due to their potential to prevent biofilm formation and biofilm‐related infections. Nitric oxide (NO), an important messenger molecule in biological systems, was previously identified as a signal for dispersal in biofilms of the model organism Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In the present study, the use of NO as an anti‐biofilm agent more broadly was assessed. Various NO donors, at concentrations estimated to generate NO levels in the picomolar and low nanomolar range, were tested on single‐species biofilms of relevant microorganisms and on multi‐species biofilms from water distribution and treatment systems. Nitric oxide‐induced dispersal was observed in all biofilms assessed, and the average reduction of total biofilm surface was 63%. Moreover, biofilms exposed to low doses of NO were more susceptible to antimicrobial treatments than untreated biofilms. For example, the efficacy of conventional chlorine treatments at removing multi‐species biofilms from water systems was increased by 20‐fold in biofilms treated with NO compared with untreated biofilms. These data suggest that combined treatments with NO may allow for novel and improved strategies to control biofilms and have widespread applications in many environmental, industrial and clinical settings. 相似文献
16.
8‐Hydroxyquinoline‐7‐carboxaldehyde (8‐HQ‐7‐CA), Schiff‐base ligand 8‐hydroxyquinoline‐7‐carboxaldehyde benzoylhydrazone, and binuclear complexes [LnL(NO3)(H2O)2]2 were prepared from the ligand and equivalent molar amounts of Ln(NO3)?6 H2O (Ln=La3+, Nd3+, Sm3+, Eu3+, Gd3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, Yb3+, resp.). Ligand acts as dibasic tetradentates, binding to LnIII through the phenolate O‐atom, N‐atom of quinolinato unit, and C?N and ? O? C?N? groups of the benzoylhydrazine side chain. Dimerization of this monomeric unit occurs through the phenolate O‐atoms leading to a central four‐membered (LnO)2 ring. Ligand and all of the LnIII complexes can strongly bind to CT‐DNA through intercalation with the binding constants at 105–106 M ?1. Moreover, ligand and all of the LnIII complexes have strong abilities of scavenging effects for hydroxyl (HO.) radicals. Both the antioxidation and DNA‐binding properties of LnIII complexes are much better than that of ligand. 相似文献
17.
D. Schillaci V. Arizza T. Dayton L. Camarda V.Di Stefano 《Letters in applied microbiology》2008,47(5):433-438
Aims: To evaluate the anti‐biofilm activity of the commercially available essential oils from two Boswellia species. Methods and Results: The susceptibility of staphylococcal and Candida albicans biofilms was determined by methyltiazotetrazolium (MTT) staining. At concentrations ranging from 217·3 μg ml?1 (25% v/v) to 6·8 μg ml?1 (0·75% v/v), the essential oil of Boswellia papyrifera showed considerable activity against both Staphylococcus epidermidis DSM 3269 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 biofilms. The anti‐microbial efficacy of this oil against S. epidermidis RP62A biofilms was also tested using live/dead staining in combination with fluorescence microscopy, and we observed that the essential oil of B. papyrifera showed an evident anti‐biofilm effect and a prevention of adhesion at sub‐MIC concentrations. Boswellia rivae essential oil was very active against preformed C. albicans ATCC 10231 biofilms and inhibited the formation of C. albicans biofilms at a sub‐MIC concentration. Conclusions: Essential oils of Boswellia spp. could effectively inhibit the growth of biofilms of medical relevance. Significance and Impact of the Study: Boswellia spp. essential oils represent an interesting source of anti‐microbial agents in the development of new strategies to prevent and treat biofilms. 相似文献
18.
19.
Halkare Suryanarayana Vasavi Ananthapadmanabha Bhagwath Arun Punchapady‐Devasya Rekha 《Microbiology and immunology》2014,58(5):286-293
Psidium guajava L., which has been used traditionally as a medicinal plant, was explored for anti‐quorum sensing (QS) activity. The anti‐QS activity of the flavonoid (FL) fraction of P. guajava leaves was determined using a biosensor bioassay with Chromobacterium violaceum CV026. Detailed investigation of the effects of the FL‐fraction on QS‐regulated violacein production in C. violaceum ATCC12472 and pyocyanin production, proteolytic, elastolytic activities, swarming motility and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 was performed using standard methods. Possible mechanisms of QS‐inhibition were studied by assessing violacein production in response to N‐acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) synthesis in the presence of the FL‐fraction in C. violaceum ATCC31532 and by evaluating the induction of violacein in the mutant C. violaceum CV026 by AHL extracted from the culture supernatants of C. violaceum 31532. Active compounds in the FL‐fraction were identified by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Inhibition of violacein production by the FL‐fraction in a C. violaceum CV026 biosensor bioassay indicated possible anti‐QS activity. The FL‐fraction showed concentration‐dependent decreases in violacein production in C. violaceum 12472 and inhibited pyocyanin production, proteolytic and elastolytic activities, swarming motility and biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa PAO1. Interestingly, the FL‐fraction did not inhibit AHL synthesis; AHL extracted from cultures of C. violaceum 31532 grown in the presence of the FL‐fraction induced violacein in the mutant C. violaceum CV026. LC–MS analysis revealed the presence of quercetin and quercetin‐3‐O‐arabinoside in the FL‐fraction. Both quercetin and quercetin‐3‐O‐arabinoside inhibited violacein production in C. violaceum 12472, at 50 and 100 μg/mL, respectively. Results of this study provide scope for further research to exploit these active molecules as anti‐QS agents. 相似文献
20.
Antibacterial aryl‐crowned polyketide from Bacillus subtilis associated with seaweed Anthophycus longifolius
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