棉田生态系统氮营养元素循环的研究

在棉田生态系统Ｎ循环中,低,中,高,超高产棉田Ｎ素的输入与输出不平衡,亏盈值（Ｂｋ）分别为－９．８,－１０．６,－１３．５和－１６．２ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,平衡值（Ｂ１）为０．９１１３,０．９４３５,０．９４２９．０．９４５８,每种１季棉花,土壤库现存Ｎ减少２‰～６‰,低,中,高,超高产棉田产物Ｎ输出,分别为棉田生态系统总输出Ｎ的５４．４％,４６．５％,４４．９％和４３．４％,其中经济产品（棉子和纤维）     

狩猎期间雉鸡（♂）的年龄组成和体重的初步研究

以距长和距的色泽及弯曲状况为依据对山西省５个地区狩猎季节雄性雉鸡年龄的划分表明,当年幼鸡,１龄和２龄以上鸡各占４０．７％－４６．０％,４２．９％－４９．０％和９．６％－１２．１％。各调查区域雌雄鸡的体重范围分别是０．７３－０．８ｋｇ和０．９９－１．１０ｋｇ。１１月中旬以后,体重没有明显的季节变化。雄性幼鸡的重量低于１龄鸡,而１龄鸡的重量在有些地区低于２龄以上个体,但差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）,在有     

用双标记水示踪法测定人体自由活动时的能量消耗率

本文报道用１８Ｏ和２Ｈ双标记水测定人自由活动时能量消耗率的示踪方法及正常成人的初步测定结果。根据质谱测量精度将ＨＯ和２Ｈ２Ｏ测量定为１．０ｇ／ｋｇ（丰度１４．４５％）和０．０６ｇ／ｋｇ（丰度９９．９％）,一次口服后在１４ｄ内间歇性收集尿样５次,然后从１８Ｏ和２Ｈ时相曲线斜率的差别,并加入同位素分馏校正因子,算出整体ＣＯ２产生率,再根据食物组成估计呼吸商,求出能量消耗率。测得１０例正常实验室工作人员的结果是：男性和女性平均为２０８．８±１４．２和１９２．０±２３,ｋＪ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１。３例住院康复人员平均为１５４．０ｋＪ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１。     

泡桐叶片蛋白质提取方法的研究

２４个提取泡桐叶片蛋白质组合的试验结果表明,用ＵＫＣ（９．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ尿素,５ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＫ２ＣＯ３,１．２５％ＣＴＡＢ,０．５％二硫苏糖醇,２％两性载体电解质ｐＨ３．５～１０,５％ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００）提取由１０％冷（－４０℃）三氯醋酸（丙酮配制,内含０．０７％的巯基乙醇）处理的泡桐叶片干粉提取出的蛋白质总量和种类最多。这表明该方法可用于泡桐叶片蛋白质的提取。     

绿僵菌在土壤中的延续及控制桃小食心虫的潜力

研究了金龟子绿僵茵（Ｍｅｔａｒｈｉｚｉｕｍａｎｉｓｏｐｌｉａｅ）在土壤中的发育过程、数量消长及控制桃小食心虫的潜力．结果表明,接种６２~８２ｄ后所有处理的ＣＦＵ均降低８０％以上,１２１~２３４ｄ后降低９９％以上．在灭菌和不灭菌土壤中,分生孢子初始接种量的半衰期分别为２８．５ｄ和２３．８ｄ,干菌丝粉分别为２６．９ｄ和１９．６ｄ．在土壤接种后１００ｄ,将桃小食心虫冬茧接入土壤,冬茧被侵染产孢后补偿了带菌量的下降,２７８ｄＣＦＵ比不接冬茧土壤第２７１ｄ的带菌量大１０００倍．在土壤接种后,不同时间接入土壤的冬茧死亡率直到第１３１ｄ还保持在９０％以上,但到第２３７ｄ降至９．３％．未用绿僵菌处理的土壤中接入的桃小食心虫冬茧无死亡发生．小区试验中,在１５、２２．５、３０和３７．５ｋｇ·ｈｍ（－２）分生抱孢制剂剂量下死亡率达９７．０~１００％,而蛀果率仅为２．７~５．０％．在陕北进行了大田试验面积达６７０ｈｍ２,剂量为２２．５ｋｇ·ｈｍ（－２）分生孢子制剂．蛀果率降至２．４％,未处理果园则高达３０％．     

紫菀花序芽培养及植株再生

１植物名称紫菀（Ａｓｔｅｒｔａｔａｒｉｃｕｓ）。２材料类别花序芽。３培养条件愈伤组织、不定芽诱导及增殖培养基：（１）ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．５～２．０ｍｇ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）;生根培养基：（２）ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．５～２．０＋６－ＢＡ０．２,（３）１／２ＭＳ（大量元素减半）＋ＮＡＡ０．５～２．０＋６－ＢＡ０．２。上述培养基均加０．８％琼脂和３％蔗糖,高温高压灭菌前ｐＨ值调至５．８。培养温度为（２３１２）℃,每天光照１２ｈ,光照度为１５００～２０００ｌｘ４生长与分化情况４．１愈伤组织及不定芽的诱导剪取长约０…     

杧果采后生理研究

适期采收的果．采收时呼吸速率为２３．２ｍｇＣＯ２·ｋｇ（－１）ｈ（－１）果皮深绿色．果肉硬度＞３０Ｐ／ｃｍ２．置室温下（３０℃）８ｄ出现呼吸高峰,速率１３２．９ｍｇＣＯ２·ｋｇ（－１）ｈ（－１）,果皮的颜色黄绿各半．果肉硬度８—９Ｐ／ｃｍ２。采后１２—１４ｄ果实达到完熟,果皮金黄色,硬度＜３Ｐ／ｃｍ２,呼吸速率下降到３９—４５ｍｇＣＯ２·ｋｇ（－１）ｈ（－１）。试验结果还表明．可溶性糖、还原糖、非还原糖、固形物等含量．均在采后第５天明显增高,果皮从深绿转为淡绿色。可溶性糖在采后第１４天增至最高．达９．９２％,此时可滴定酸度下降至０．１４％．ＰＨ值升至６．１５,此时为果实的最佳供食状态．生产上可据此为制定果贮藏措施提供依据．     

巴拉斯自鹤芋的组织培养和快速繁殖

１植物名称巴拉斯白鹤芋（Ｓｐａｔｈｉｐｈｙｌｌｕｍｐａｌａｓ）。２材料类别小苗茎尖或茎段。３培养条件以ＭＳ为基本培养基：（１）诱导分化与生长培养基为ＭＳ＋ＢＡ２ｍｐ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）＋ＮＡＡ０．２＋３％蔗糖;（２）生根培养基为１／２ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ０．２＋１．５％蔗糖。以上培养基均加０．７５％琼脂,ｐＨ５．８,培养温度２６～２８℃,每日光照１０～１２ｈ,光照度１５００～２５００ｌｘ。４生长与分化情况剪取顶芽或茎段约０．５～１．０ｃｍ长,用７０％～７５％乙醇消毒３０～６０ｓ,以０．１％ＨｇＣｌ２溶液…     

苔藓植物对鞍山市环境污染生物指示的研究

采用野外生态学调查和实验分析相结合的方法,对鞍山市内和市郊所选的５个样点苔藓植物的种类、分布及各样点大气净度指数值（ＩＡＰ）和苔藓体内Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｃｄ、全Ｓ等污染物的含量及其与环境污染的关系进行了综合研究和分析．结果表明,严重污染区,包括样点鞍钢,苔藓植物少于５种,ＩＡＰ值＜５,苔藓体内污染物的含量范围是（ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１）：Ｐｂ（１１２～１４９）、Ｚｎ（４０１～４７７）、Ｃｕ（３５．８～３８．５）、Ｃｄ（２．４５～３．５３）、Ｓ（２２００～３１００）;污染区,包括样点立山公园和二一九公园,苔藓植物种数１５～３０,ＩＡＰ值５～２５,污染物在苔藓体内的含量范围是（ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１）：Ｐｂ（３１．２～４４．６）、Ｚｎ（１２０～１９９）、Ｃｕ（９．４０～１７．６）、Ｃｄ（１．０２～２．４２）、Ｓ（１４００～２６００）;相对清洁区,包括样点烈士陵园和千山,苔藓种数多于４０种,ＩＡＰ值＞３０,污染物在苔藓体内的含量范围是（ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１）：Ｐｂ（１５．４～２５．６）、Ｚｎ（８４．３～１３５）、Ｃｕ（５．２４～１１．５）、Ｃｄ（０．６４～１．９９）、Ｓ（８００～２１００）．     

广西龙虎山猕猴种群生态特征

１９８８～１９９５年,采用定点观察法和绝对计数与相对计数结合法对龙虎山猕猴种群生态作了调查研究。１９９０年核心区有猕猴１４群,５００只左右,猴群密度１．６群／ｋｍ２,种群密度５５．６只／ｋｍ２．猴群大小平均３３．８±２３．１（ｎ＝６）只。一般每隔４～５年分群一次,猴群群体年均增长率１４．８％,种群年均增长率为９．７％。猴群中成年猴性比为７．６±６．５（ｎ＝１２）,１～３岁组的性比为０．７４±０．６１（ｎ＝４）,群内未成年猴比例为６７．７±３．１％（ｎ＝１２）。发情交配期最早１１月１２日,最晚次年１月２０日,高峰期１２月上旬,持续３个月．产仔期最早４月１日,最晚８月１４日,高峰期５月上旬,持续时间４个半月．繁殖率４５．５％～１００％,平均７５．４±１３．２％（ｎ＝２１）。新生猴死亡率较低,新生猴性比（雌：雄）平均０．７４±０．３４（ｎ＝５）。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.