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1.
Kierszenbaum F 《FEMS immunology and medical microbiology》2003,37(1):1-11
Initially, the notion that the pathogenesis of Chagas disease has an autoimmune component was based on the finding that sera from Trypanosoma cruzi-infected patients or laboratory animals contain antibodies that recognize both parasite and host tissue antigens. Subsequent work suggested that T lymphocytes from chagasic patients and animals also displayed such cross-reactivity. However, the autoimmunity hypothesis has remained controversial because of experimental pitfalls, incomplete or inadequate controls, difficulties in reproducing some key results, and a lack of persuasive evidence that the cross-reactive antibodies or lymphocytes can truly effect the multifaceted pathological features of Chagas disease. Whether the immunologic autoreactivities described to date cause chagasic pathology or result from it is another unresolved question. Discussed herein are the most recent contributions to this topic and the reservations they have raised. 相似文献
2.
Guillermo Moscatelli Samanta Moroni Facundo García-Bournissen Griselda Ballering Margarita Bisio Héctor Freilij Jaime Altcheh 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(4):507-509
It is currently unknown whether treatment of Chagas disease decreases the risk of
congenital transmission from previously treated mothers to their infants. In a cohort
of women with Chagas disease previously treated with benznidazole, no congenital
transmission of the disease was observed in their newborns. This finding provides
support for the treatment of Chagas disease as early as possible. 相似文献
3.
Behavioural alterations are independent of sickness behaviour in chronic
experimental Chagas disease
Glaucia Vilar-Pereira Leonardo Alexandre de Souza Ruivo Joseli Lannes-Vieira 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(8):1042-1050
The existence of the nervous form of Chagas disease is a matter of discussion since
Carlos Chagas described neurological disorders, learning and behavioural alterations
in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected individuals. In most patients, the
clinical manifestations of the acute phase, including neurological abnormalities,
resolve spontaneously without apparent consequence in the chronic phase of infection.
However, chronic Chagas disease patients have behavioural changes such as psychomotor
alterations, attention and memory deficits, and depression. In the present study, we
tested whether or not behavioural alterations are reproducible in experimental
models. We show that C57BL/6 mice chronically infected with the Colombian strain of
T. cruzi (150 days post-infection) exhibit behavioural changes as
(i) depression in the tail suspension and forced swim tests, (ii) anxiety analysed by
elevated plus maze and open field test sand and (iii) motor coordination in the
rotarod test. These alterations are neither associated with neuromuscular disorders
assessed by the grip strength test nor with sickness behaviour analysed by
temperature variation sand weight loss. Therefore, chronically T.
cruzi-infected mice replicate behavioural alterations (depression and
anxiety) detected in Chagas disease patients opening an opportunity to study the
interconnection and the physiopathology of these two biological processes in an
infectious scenario. 相似文献
4.
Dayanne da Rocha de Menezes Claudia Magalhães Calvet Giseli Capaci Rodrigues Igor Rodrigues Almeida Alcino Palermo de Aguiar 《Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry》2016,31(6):964-973
This work describes the antitrypanocidal activity of two hydroxamic acid derivatives containing o-ethoxy (HAD1) and p-ethoxy (HAD2) as substituent in the aromatic ring linked to the isoxazoline ring. HAD1 and HAD2 induced a significant reduction in the number of intracellular parasites and consequently showed activity on the multiplication of the parasite. Treatment of cardiomyocytes and macrophages with the compounds revealed no significant loss in cell viability. Ultrastructural alterations after treatment of cardiomyocytes or macrophages infected by Trypanosoma cruzi with the IC50 value of HAD1 revealed alterations to amastigotes, showing initial damage seen as swelling of the kinetoplast. This gave a good indication of the ability of the drug to permeate through the host cell membrane as well as its selectivity to the parasite target. Both compounds HAD1 and 2 were able to reduce the cysteine peptidases and decrease the activity of metallopeptidases 相似文献
5.
Pedro Emmanuel Alvarenga Americano do Brasil Rodolfo Castro Liane de Castro 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2016,111(1):1-19
Chronic Chagas disease diagnosis relies on laboratory tests due to its clinical
characteristics. The aim of this research was to review commercial enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) diagnostic test
performance. Performance of commercial ELISA or PCR for the diagnosis of chronic
Chagas disease were systematically searched in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ISI Web, and
LILACS through the bibliography from 1980-2014 and by contact with the manufacturers.
The risk of bias was assessed with QUADAS-2. Heterogeneity was estimated with the
I2 statistic. Accuracies provided by the manufacturers usually
overestimate the accuracy provided by academia. The risk of bias is high in most
tests and in most QUADAS dimensions. Heterogeneity is high in either sensitivity,
specificity, or both. The evidence regarding commercial ELISA and ELISA-rec
sensitivity and specificity indicates that there is overestimation. The current
recommendation to use two simultaneous serological tests can be supported by the risk
of bias analysis and the amount of heterogeneity but not by the observed accuracies.
The usefulness of PCR tests are debatable and health care providers should not order
them on a routine basis. PCR may be used in selected cases due to its potential to
detect seronegative subjects. 相似文献
6.
Prevention of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in mammals likely depends
on either prevention of the invading trypomastigotes from infecting host cells or the
rapid recognition and killing of the newly infected cells by T.
cruzi-specific T cells. We show here that multiple rounds of infection
and cure (by drug therapy) fails to protect mice from reinfection, despite the
generation of potent T cell responses. This disappointing result is similar to that
obtained with many other vaccine protocols used in attempts to protect animals
from T. cruzi infection. We have previously shown that immune
recognition of T. cruzi infection is significantly delayed both at
the systemic level and at the level of the infected host cell. The systemic delay
appears to be the result of a stealth infection process that fails to trigger
substantial innate recognition mechanisms while the delay at the cellular level is
related to the immunodominance of highly variable gene family proteins, in particular
those of the trans-sialidase family. Here we discuss how these previous studies and
the new findings herein impact our thoughts on the potential of prophylactic
vaccination to serve a productive role in the prevention of T. cruzi
infection and Chagas disease. 相似文献
7.
Guillermo Moscatelli Ada Berenstein Ana Tarlovsky Susana Siniawski Miguel Biancardi Griselda Ballering Samanta Moroni Marta Schwarcz Susana Hernández Facundo García-Bournissen Andrés Espejo Cozzi Héctor Freilij Jaime Altcheh 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(5):644-648
The primary objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of this disease in
women of childbearing age and children treated at health centres in underserviced
areas of the city of Buenos Aires. Demographic and Chagas disease status data were
collected. Samples for Chagas disease serology were obtained on filter paper and the
reactive results were confirmed with conventional samples. A total of 1,786 subjects
were screened and 73 positive screening results were obtained: 17 were from children
and 56 were from women. The Trypanosoma cruzi infection risk was
greater in those individuals who had relatives with Chagas disease, who remember
seeing kissing bugs, who were of Bolivian nationality or were born in the Argentine
province of Santiago del Estero. The overall prevalence of Chagas disease was 4.08%.
Due to migration, Chagas disease is currently predominantly urban. The observed
prevalence requires health programme activities that are aimed at urban children and
their mothers. Most children were infected congenitally, which reinforces the need
for Chagas disease screening of all pregnant women and their babies in Argentina. The
active search for new cases is important because the appropriate treatment in
children has a high cure rate. 相似文献
8.
《Journal of biological dynamics》2013,7(4):299-317
Chagas disease is a vector-borne parasitic disease that infects mammals, including humans, through much of Latin America. This work presents a mathematical model for the dynamics of domestic transmission in the form of four coupled nonlinear differential equations. The four equations model the number of domiciliary vectors, the number of infected domiciliary vectors, the number of infected humans, and the number of infected domestic animals. The main interest of this work lies in its study of the effects of insecticide spraying and of the recovery of vector populations with cessation of spraying. A novel aspect in the model is that yearly spraying, which is currently used to prevent transmission, is taken into account. The model's predictions for a representative village are discussed. In particular, the model predicts that if pesticide use is discontinued, the vector population and the disease can return to their pre-spraying levels in approximately 5–8 years. 相似文献
9.
Maria-Jesus Pinazo Maria-Carmen Thomas Juan Bustamante Igor Correia de Almeida Manuel-Carlos Lopez Joaquim Gascon 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(3):422-432
The definition of a biomarker provided by the World Health Organization is any
substance, structure, or process that can be measured in the body, or its products
and influence, or predict the incidence or outcome of disease. Currently, the lack of
prognosis and progression markers for chronic Chagas disease has posed limitations
for testing new drugs to treat this neglected disease. Several molecules and
techniques to detect biomarkers in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected
patients have been proposed to assess whether specific treatment with benznidazole or
nifurtimox is effective. Isolated proteins or protein groups from different
T. cruzi stages and parasite-derived glycoproteins and synthetic
neoglycoconjugates have been demonstrated to be useful for this purpose, as have
nucleic acid amplification techniques. The amplification of T. cruzi
DNA using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method is the leading test
for assessing responses to treatment in a short period of time. Biochemical
biomarkers have been tested early after specific treatment. Cytokines and surface
markers represent promising molecules for the characterisation of host cellular
responses, but need to be further assessed. 相似文献
10.
José Rodrigues Coura 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(3):277-282
This review deals with transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi by
the most important domestic vectors, blood transfusion and oral intake. Among the
vectors, Triatoma infestans, Panstrongylus
megistus, Rhodnius prolixus, Triatoma
dimidiata, Triatoma brasiliensis, Triatoma
pseudomaculata, Triatoma sordida, Triatoma
maculata, Panstrongylus geniculatus, Rhodnius
ecuadoriensis and Rhodnius pallescens can be highlighted.
Transmission of Chagas infection, which has been brought under control in some
countries in South and Central America, remains a great challenge, particularly
considering that many endemic countries do not have control over blood donors.
Even more concerning is the case of non-endemic countries that receive thousands
of migrants from endemic areas that carry Chagas disease, such as the United
States of America, in North America, Spain, in Europe, Japan, in Asia, and
Australia, in Oceania. In the Brazilian Amazon Region, since Shaw et al. (1969)
described the first acute cases of the disease caused by oral transmission,
hundreds of acute cases of the disease due to oral transmission have been
described in that region, which is today considered to be endemic for oral
transmission. Several other outbreaks of acute Chagas disease by oral transmission
have been described in different states of Brazil and in other South American
countries. 相似文献
11.
Emi Sasagawa Ana Vilma Guevara de Aguilar Marta Alicia Hernández de Ramírez José Eduardo Romero Chévez Jun Nakagawa Rafael Antonio Cedillos Kiyoshi Kita 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2014,109(2):256-258
Several parasitological studies carried out in El Salvador between 2000-2012 showed a
higher frequency of acute cases of Chagas disease than that in other Central American
countries. There is an urgent need for improved Chagas disease surveillance and
vector control programs in the provinces where acute Chagas disease occurs and
throughout El Salvador as a whole. 相似文献
12.
We refer to Oswaldo Cruz''s reports dating from 1913 about the necessities of a
healthcare system for the Brazilian Amazon Region and about the journey of Carlos
Chagas to 27 locations in this region and the measures that would need to be adopted.
We discuss the risks of endemicity of Chagas disease in the Amazon Region. We
recommend that epidemiological surveillance of Chagas disease in the Brazilian Amazon
Region and Pan-Amazon region should be implemented through continuous monitoring of
the human population that lives in the area, their housing, the environment and the
presence of triatomines. The monitoring should be performed with periodic
seroepidemiological surveys, semi-annual visits to homes by health agents and the
training of malaria microscopists and healthcare technicians to identify
Trypanosoma cruzi from patients'' samples and T.
cruzi infection rates among the triatomines caught. We recommend health
promotion and control of Chagas disease through public health policies, especially
through sanitary education regarding the risk factors for Chagas disease. Finally, we
propose a healthcare system through base hospitals, intermediate-level units in the
areas of the Brazilian Amazon Region and air transportation, considering the
distances to be covered for medical care. 相似文献
13.
Janine M Ramsey A Townsend Peterson Oscar Carmona-Castro David A Moo-Llanes Yoshinori Nakazawa Morgan Butrick Ezequiel Tun-Ku Keynes de la Cruz-Félix Carlos N Ibarra-Cerde?a 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(3):339-352
Chagas disease is one of the most important yet neglected parasitic diseases in
Mexico and is transmitted by Triatominae. Nineteen of the 31 Mexican triatomine
species have been consistently found to invade human houses and all have been found
to be naturally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. The present paper
aims to produce a state-of-knowledge atlas of Mexican triatomines and analyse their
geographic associations with T. cruzi, human demographics and
landscape modification. Ecological niche models (ENMs) were constructed for the 19
species with more than 10 records in North America, as well as for T.
cruzi. The 2010 Mexican national census and the 2007 National Forestry
Inventory were used to analyse overlap patterns with ENMs. Niche breadth was greatest
in species from the semiarid Nearctic Region, whereas species richness was associated
with topographic heterogeneity in the Neotropical Region, particularly along the
Pacific Coast. Three species, Triatoma longipennis, Triatoma
mexicana and Triatoma barberi, overlapped with the
greatest numbers of human communities, but these communities had the lowest
rural/urban population ratios. Triatomine vectors have urbanised in most regions,
demonstrating a high tolerance to human-modified habitats and broadened historical
ranges, exposing more than 88% of the Mexican population and leaving few areas in
Mexico without the potential for T. cruzi transmission. 相似文献
14.
Alberto Antonio‐Campos Vanessa Cuatepotzo‐Jimnez Julio Noguz‐García Ricardo Alejandre‐Aguilar Nancy Rivas 《Journal of vector ecology》2019,44(1):179-186
Chagas disease represents a significant public health problem in Mexico. In the state of Hidalgo, studies on the presence of triatomines are scarce and restricted to a few locations. To determine the risk of transmission in the state of Hidalgo and stratify the vector potential, the distribution of Triatominae was surveyed from 2015 to 2016 in collaboration with primary health care services and local communities. A total of 570 specimens was collected in 278 houses in 25 municipalities. The species of Triatominae detected were T. dimidiata with 391 samples, T. mexicana with 159 samples, T. gerstaeckeri with 17 samples, and T. barberi with three samples. The samples were collected in domestic and peridomestic areas. The general index of natural infection was 9.8%. Indices of colonization and crowding were determined for species and municipality and results were variable. 相似文献
15.
Danilo Roman-Campos Policarpo Sales-Júnior Hugo Leonardo Duarte Eneas Ricardo Gomes Silvia Guatimosim Catherine Ropert Ricardo Tostes Gazzinelli Jader Santos Cruz 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2013,108(2):243-245
Chagas disease, which is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is an important cause of heart failure. We investigated modifications in the cellular electrophysiological and calcium-handling characteristics of an infected mouse heart during the chronic phase of the disease. The patch-clamp technique was used to record action potentials (APs) and L-type Ca2+ and transient outward K+ currents. [Ca2+]i changes were determined using confocal microscopy. Infected ventricular cells showed prolonged APs, reduced transient outward K+ and L-type Ca2+ currents and reduced Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Thus, the chronic phase of Chagas disease is characterised by cardiomyocyte dysfunction, which could lead to heart failure. 相似文献
16.
José Rodrigues Coura Pedro Albajar Vi?as Angela CV Junqueira 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2014,109(7):856-862
Chagas disease is maintained in nature through the interchange of three cycles: the
wild, peridomestic and domestic cycles. The wild cycle, which is enzootic, has
existed for millions of years maintained between triatomines and wild mammals. Human
infection was only detected in mummies from 4,000-9,000 years ago, before the
discovery of the disease by Carlos Chagas in 1909. With the beginning of
deforestation in the Americas, two-three centuries ago for the expansion of
agriculture and livestock rearing, wild mammals, which had been the food source for
triatomines, were removed and new food sources started to appear in peridomestic
areas: chicken coops, corrals and pigsties. Some accidental human cases could also
have occurred prior to the triatomines in peridomestic areas. Thus, triatomines
progressively penetrated households and formed the domestic cycle of Chagas disease.
A new epidemiological, economic and social problem has been created through the
globalisation of Chagas disease, due to legal and illegal migration of individuals
infected by Trypanosoma cruzi or presenting Chagas disease in its
varied clinical forms, from endemic countries in Latin America to non-endemic
countries in North America, Europe, Asia and Oceania, particularly to the United
States of America and Spain. The main objective of the present paper was to present a
general view of the interchanges between the wild, peridomestic and domestic cycles
of the disease, the development of T. cruzi among triatomine, their
domiciliation and control initiatives, the characteristics of the disease in
countries in the Americas and the problem of migration to non-endemic countries. 相似文献
17.
Policarpo Ademar Sales Júnior Celso Oliveira Rezende Júnior Mireille Le Hyaric Mauro Vieira de Almeida Alvaro José Romanha 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2014,109(3):362-364
Four diamines and three amino alcohols derived from 1-decanol, 1-dodecanol and
1,2-dodecanediol were evaluated in an in vitro assay against a mixture of
trypomastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of Trypanosoma
cruzi. Two of these compounds (6 and 7) showed better activity against
both proliferative stages of T. cruzi than the positive control
benznidazole, three were of similar potency (1, 2 and 5) and two were less active (3
and 4). 相似文献
18.
María Cecilia Albareda Susana Adriana Laucella 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(3):414-421
The aim of this review is to describe the contributions of the knowledge of T-cell
responses to the understanding of the physiopathology and the responsiveness to
etiological treatment during the chronic phase of Chagas disease.
T-helper (Th)1 and interleukin (IL)-10 Trypanosoma
cruzi-specific T-cells have been linked to the asymptomatic phase or to
severe clinical forms of the disease, respectively or vice versa,
depending on the T. cruzi antigen source, the patient’s location and
the performed immunological assays. Parasite-specific T-cell responses are modulated
after benznidazole (BZ) treatment in chronically T. cruzi-infected
subjects in association with a significant decrease in T.
cruzi-specific antibodies. Accumulating evidence has indicated that
treatment efficacy during experimental infection with T. cruzi
results from the combined action of BZ and the activation of appropriate
immune responses in the host. However, strong support of this interaction in
T. cruzi-infected humans remains lacking. Overall, the quality of T-cell
responses might be a key factor in not only disease evolution, but also chemotherapy
responsiveness. Immunological parameters are potential indicators of treatment
response regardless of achievement of cure. Providing tools to monitor and provide
early predictions of treatment success will allow the development of new therapeutic
options. 相似文献
19.
Stefania Neiva Lavorato Policarpo Ademar Sales Júnior Silvane Maria Fonseca Murta Alvaro José Romanha Ricardo José Alves/ 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(4):566-568
We describe herein the antitrypanosomal activity of 20 novel
1,3-bis(aryloxy)propan-2-amine derivatives. Compounds 2, 4, 6, 12, 15, 16 and 19 were
significantly active against amastigote and trypomastigote forms, with half maximal
inhibitory concentrationvalues in the range of 6-18 µM. In the cytotoxicity tests
against L929 cells, only compound 4 presented selectivity index value above 10,
indicating low toxicity. 相似文献
20.
Alejandro O Luquetti Suelene Brito do Nascimento Tavares Liliane da Rocha Siriano Rozangela Amaral de Oliveira Dayse Elizabeth Campos Cicilio Alves de Morais Enio Chaves de Oliveira 《Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz》2015,110(3):369-376
Transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi during pregnancy is estimated to
occur in less than 20% of infected mothers; however, the etiopathogenesis is not
completely understood. The Centre for Studies on Chagas Disease provides confirmation
of T. cruzi infection for individuals living in central Brazil.
In this retrospective hospital-based study, all requests for diagnosis of T.
cruzi infection in individuals less than 21 years old from 1994-2014 were
searched. We end with 1,211 individuals and their respective infected mothers.
Congenital transmission of infection was confirmed in 24 individuals (2%) in central
Brazil, an area where the main T. cruzi lineage circulating in
humans is TcII. This low prevalence of congenital Chagas disease is discussed in
relation to recent findings in the south region of Brazil, where TcV is the main
lineage and congenital transmission has a higher prevalence (approximately 5%),
similar to frequencies reported in Argentina, Paraguay and Bolivia. This is the first
report to show geographical differences in the rates of congenital transmission
of T. cruzi and the relationship between the prevalence of
congenital transmission and the type of Tc prevalent in each region. 相似文献