中山市正常人群鼻咽部肺炎链球菌的携带情况调查

目的 :获取本地区正常人群鼻咽部肺炎链球菌携带情况 ,为疾病预防和治疗提供科学依据。方法 :随机抽检正常人群 (按防疫人群监测共分四组 :2～ 4岁、6～ 8岁、9～ 12岁、2 5～ 39岁组 )鼻咽拭子进行培养、分离、鉴定及药敏试验 ,按《全国临床检验操作规程》进行。结果 :2 6 7例标本共分离出 71株肺炎链球菌 ,分离率为 2 6 .6 %。 2～ 4岁组检出 18株 ,检出率 2 5 .8% ;6～ 8岁检出 2 0株 ,检出率 37.0 % ;9～ 12岁组检出 2 2株 ,检出率 2 9.3% ;2 5～ 39岁组检出 11株 ,检出率 16 .2 %。各年龄组鼻咽部肺炎链球菌反携带率经 χ2检验 ,χ2 =7.110 .0 5相差无显著性意义 ,少年儿童组合并后肺炎链球菌的携带率 2 9.6 % (5 9/ 199)与成人组 17.6 % (12 / 6 8)相比较经 χ2检验 ,χ2 =5 .0 7>P0 .0 5( 1 ) =3.84 ,差异有显著性。耐青霉素肺炎链球菌为 2 6 .8%。结论 :本地区正常人群鼻咽部肺炎链球菌携带率为 2 6 .6 % ,少年儿童鼻咽部携带率较成人高。对青霉素耐药率处于较高水平 ,耐青霉素菌株对其他常用抗生素普遍耐药 ,且已发现对三代头孢菌素耐药菌株     

沿海地区淋球菌、沙眼衣原体及解脲支原体流行病学分析

目的　了解中山市性传播疾病 (STD)高危人群中淋球菌 (NG)、沙眼衣原体 (CT)及解脲支原体(U U)的感染状况 ,采用聚合酶链反应 (PCR)检测 145 2例 STD患者的尿道 (宫颈 )拭子标本。结果 3种病原体的总检出率为 2 5 .92 % ,其中 NG13.70 %、CT31.34%、U U32 .71% ,混合感染率以 CT最高 (82 .81% ) ,U U次之 (75 .78% ) ,NG为 49.2 2 %。非淋病性尿道炎 (NGU)、淋病性尿道炎 (GU)男性患者 CT的感染率高于女性 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,NGU女性患者 U U的感染率高于男性 (P<0 .0 1) ,在 GU中两者相差不大 (P>0 .0 5 )。病原体的检出率明显集中在 2 0～ 40岁年龄段 ,其 STD的感染率高达 85 .47%。提示应将他们列为主要的传染源和高危人群 ,作为 STD防治工作中的重点对象     

联合固氮菌Enterobactergergoviae57—7泌铵突变株的分离和特性

经 Tn5转座子诱变从野生型菌株 ( Enterobacter gergoviae 5 7- 7)筛选到抗甲胺 ( 0 .3mol/L )的泌铵突变株 MG61 ,该突变株在固氮生长时能分泌铵 2 .0 mmol/L。由于泌铵 MG61的生长比野生型菌株慢 ,在培养基中含铵 ( 5 mmol/L或 30 mmol/L)条件下 ,MG61的生长速率与对照相同 ,而远比野生型菌株慢 ,表明 MG 61不能很好地利用铵。在含 2 0 mmol/L铵的培养基中 MG 61仍表达 86%的固氮活性 ,而野生型菌株完全丧失了固氮活性。在谷氨酸存在下 MG61的生长速率及固氮酶活性都比对照高。在硝酸盐存在下 MG61的生长速率与对照相同 ,但泌铵量达 7.8mmol/L。     

蓖麻单性雌株组织培养和快速繁殖

1　植物名称　蓖麻 (Ｒｉｃｉｎｕｓｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｓ)。2　材料类别　单性雌株的顶芽、腋芽、带节的茎段。3　培养条件　 ( 1 )起始培养基 :1 /3ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 0 .5ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＩＢＡ 0 .0 1 ;( 2 )芽增殖培养基 :ＭＳ(改良 ) 6 ＢＡ 0 .5～ 0 .8 ＩＢＡ 0 .0 1～ 0 .0 3;( 3)生根培养基 :1 /2ＭＳ ＮＡＡ 0 .0 5 活性炭(适量 )。培养基中添加 3%蔗糖、0 .7%琼脂 ,ｐＨ5 .8。培养温度 2 4～ 2 7℃ ,光照 1 2～ 1 4ｈ·ｄ- 1 ,光照度约为 1 5 0 0ｌｘ。4　生长与分化情况4.1　无菌材料的获得　以蓖麻单性雌株的芽尖和带腋…     

菊苣花瓣的组织培养

1　植物名称　菊苣 (Ｃｉｃｈｏｒｉｕｍｉｎｔｙｂｕｓ)。凭证标本藏于石河子大学标本室。2　材料类别　野生植株的幼嫩花瓣。3　培养条件　基本培养基为ＭＳ。 ( 1 )诱导愈伤组织培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 3.0ｍｇ·Ｌ- 1 (单位下同 ) ＮＡＡ 0 .5 ;( 2 )诱芽培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 3.0 ＮＡＡ0 .0 1 ;( 3)继代增殖培养基 :ＭＳ 6 ＢＡ 1 .0 ;( 4 )生根培养基 :ＭＳ ＩＡＡ 0 .1。基本培养基中琼脂为0 .65 % ;生根培养基中蔗糖为 2 % ,其余为 3% ;ｐＨ6.0 ,温度 2 5～ 2 8℃ ;每天光照 1 2ｈ ,光照度 1 0 0 0～1 5 0 0ｌｘ。4　生长与分…     

水芹组织培养与快繁

1　植物名称　水芹 (Oenanthestolonifera) ,又名楚葵。2　材料类别　基部带有叶芽的短缩茎段。3　培养条件　诱导丛生芽培养基 :( 1 )MS + 6 BA2mg·L- 1 (单位下同 ) ;( 2 )MS + 6 BA 4;( 3)MS +6 BA 6;继代培养基 :( 4 )MS + 6 BA 2 ;( 5 )MS +6 BA 3;诱导生根培养基 :( 6)MS +IBA 1。以上培养基均加入 2 %蔗糖、0 .7%琼脂 ,pH 5 .8。培养温度 1 5～ 2 5℃ ,光照时间 1 2h·d- 1 ,光照度 2 0 0 0lx。4　生长与分化情况4.1　芽诱导与增殖　从田间取水芹种株 ,用清水冲洗附着泥土 ,剪除大部分叶片和老叶柄的中上部 ,清理干净后…     

对液体尿素支原体培养方法的改进

目前对于支原体的培养多采用液体尿素培养基 ,此培养基仅含尿素和精氨酸两个生化反应 ,结果模棱两可 ,难以准确判断。为了提高支原体鉴定的准确性 ,我们对广东珠海浪峰公司的支原体试剂的操作方法进行了改进。现报道如下。1　材料与方法1.1　标本来源　 16 7例标本取自 2 0 0 0年 5月～ 2 0 0 1年 2月期间临床拟诊为非淋菌性泌尿生殖道炎 (Non- goncoccolureathritis,NGU)病人的泌尿生殖道 ,规范采集 ,其中男性10 8例 ,女性 5 9例 ,年龄在 2 0～ 6 0岁之间。1.2　支原体试剂盒　广东珠海浪峰生物技术有限公司生产的支原体试剂盒 ,支原体固…     

幽门弯曲菌MLE无血培养基的研究

用MLE无血培养基与MHC(M-H血巧克力琼脂)培养基同时进行已知幽门弯曲菌(Cp)的培养及胃粘膜活检标本中Cp的分离试验。结果表明,16株已知菌在MLE培养基上生长的菌落比MHC上丰茂,特点明显,两者的菌体形态及生化反应一致。200份胃粘膜活检标本用MLE培养基分离阳性者114例,阳性率为57.0％,用MHC分离阳性者101例,阳性率为50.5％,符合率为86.5％,分离阳性率MLE高于MHC(p<0.05)。我们认为MLE无血培养基可代替含血培养基用于培养分离Cp。     

杂种鸢尾的组织培养和植株再生

1　植物名称　杂种鸢尾 (Irishybrids)。2　材料类别　茎尖 (stemapex)。3　培养条件　基本培养基为MS培养基。 ( 1 )诱导愈伤组织培养基 :MS + 6 BA 1 .5mg·L- 1 (单位下同 ) +NAA 0 .1 ;( 2 )诱导分化培养基 :MS + 6 BA1 .0 +NAA 0 .5 ;( 3)丛芽增殖培养基 ) :MS + 6 BA1 .0 +KT 2 .0 +NAA 0 .1 ;( 4 )生根培养基 :MS +6 BA 0 .1 +NAA 0 .5。以上培养基均加 0 .7%琼脂、3%蔗糖 ,pH5 .8。培养温度为 ( 2 5± 1 )℃ ,光照度2 0 0 0lx ,光照 1 2h·d- 1 。4　生长与分化情况4.1　愈伤组织的诱导　取生长旺盛、无病虫害的幼小…     

过路黄的组织培养与快速繁殖

1　植物名称　过路黄 (Lysimachiachristinae)。2　材料类别　茎段。3　培养条件　芽生长培养基 :( 1 )MS + 6 BA 0 .5mg·L- 1 (单位下同 ) +IBA 0 .2。增殖培养基 :( 2 )MS+ 6 BA 1 .0 +IBA 0 .2 ;( 3)MS + 6 BA 1 .5 +IBA 0 .5 ;( 4 )MS + 6 BA 1 .5 +NAA 0 .5。生根培养基 :( 5 )MS ;( 6)MS +IBA 0 .1。所用培养基均加 0 .8%～ 0 .9%琼脂、3%白砂糖 ,pH 5 .6～5 .8,培养温度为 ( 2 5± 2 )℃ ,相对湿度 65 %～ 75 % ,光照 1 2～ 1 4h·d- 1 ,光照度 1 5 0 0～ 2 0 0 0lx。4　生长与分化情况4.1　无菌材料的获得　选取秦…     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.