乐昌含笑(木兰科)的核型研究(英文)

首次报道了乐昌含笑(Michelia chapensis)的染色体数目和核型。核型公式为2n=38=28m+6sm+4st(2SAT)。与前人认为整个含笑属都为单一的2A型不同,乐昌含笑的核型属于Stebbins的2B型,具有2对近端着丝粒染色体。而且发现在第9对染色体上有小随体的存在。这些表明在含笑属内含有不同的核型。乐昌含笑在细胞学意义上可能是属内比较进化的类群。对染色体结构的细微改变在木兰科植物的种属进化上的作用进行了简要讨论。     

木兰科含笑的细胞学研究

对含笑Michelia figo(Lour．)Spreng进行了细胞学研究。证实其染色体数目为2n=2x=38,最大与最小染色体长度比率为2．2,没发现st染色体和随体。首次观察和描述了其减数分裂行为。     

中国含笑属核型分析

对我国木兰科Magnoliaceae含笑属Michelia 12个种的核型进行了研究,核型公式如下:火力楠 M．macclurei var．sublanea 2n=34m(2SAT)+4sm;白兰M．alba 2n=34m+4sm;多花含笑M.flori- bunda 2n=30m+8sm;黄兰M.champaca 2n=32m+6sm;石碌含笑M.shiluensis 2n=32m+6sm;阔 瓣含笑M . platypetala 2n=32m+6sm(2SAT);含笑M．figo 2n=32m+6sm;深山含笑M．maudiae 2n=32m+6sm;长蕊含笑M. longistamina 2n=32m=6sm;金叶含笑M.foveolata 2n=34m=4sm; 野含笑M.skineriana 2n=30m+8sm;峨嵋含笑M.wilsonii 2n=30m+8sm(2SAT)。该属核型全部为 对称核型,除多花含笑为1A类型外,其他均为2A核型。含笑属种间核型具有很大相似性,核型资料对该属属以下的分类帮助不大。     

木兰科16种含笑属植物的花粉形态

该研究对含笑属5组16种植物(其中:峨眉含笑、多脉含笑、蔼和含笑、毛果含笑、南亚含笑、展毛含笑、阔瓣含笑和壮丽含笑等8种为首次报道)的花粉样品进行了扫描电子显微镜观测,并对其花粉粒形态及大小性状进行统计分析,以揭示木兰科含笑属植物的花粉形态特征,探讨其系统分类学意义。结果显示:含笑属植物的花粉粒形态均为两侧对称,异极,具1远极单沟萌发孔,沟长几乎达两端,极面观为椭圆状,赤道面观为舟状,表面无脊或具脊;含笑属花粉粒表面小穿孔的密度为0.002 5~1.500 0个/μm~2,最长轴长为30.69~58.02μm、变异系数为2.85%~8.20%,最短赤道轴长为15.29~31.29μm、变异系数为4.29%~15.53%,轴比值为1.43~2.69、变异系数为2.53%~13.00%。经组间、种间和种内比较,含笑属植物的花粉粒仅在小穿孔密度和3个大小性状上存在一定的种间分类学价值。     

江西含笑属一新种

<正> 本种与阔瓣含笑(M.platypetala Hand-Mazz)近似,其不同点在于本种叶柄较短,长5—7mm,苞片痕显著,彼此间距离较长,长1cm,花被片较小、较狭,长1.6—2.2cm,宽0.9—1.4cm,花柱较短,长1mm,雌蕊群柄长约8mm,花梗密被黄褐色绒毛。 乔木,高18—28m,常绿,树皮灰白色,芽、小枝和叶柄密被锈色柔毛。叶薄革质,长     

木兰科植物订正

对部分国产木兰科种类进行了订正,归并7个新异名,澄清Mognolia odoratissima Law et R.Z.Zhou和Michelia sphaerantha C.Y.WuexLaw et Y.F.Wu两个种分类上的混乱。     

木兰科属间核型比较

本文对我国原始木本被子植物木兰科中的木兰属Magnolia、木莲属Manglietia、含笑属Michelia、 合果木属Paramichelia、观光木属Tsoongioderdron、拟单性木兰属Parakmeria、鹅掌楸属Liriodendron、 华盖木属Manglietiastrum 8属代表种的核型进行了研究。各属代表种的核型公式如下:夜合Magnolia coco 32m+4sm+2st(2SAT);灰木莲Manglieatia glauca 32m+4sm+2st(2SAT);合果木Paramichelia baillonii 34m(2SAT)+2sm+2st(2SAT);观光木Tsoongiodendron odorum 32m+6sn(2SAT);拟单性木 兰Parakmeria omeiensis 56m+16sm+4st(2SAT);鹅掌楸Liriodendron chinense 32+4sm(2SAT)+2st (2SAT);华盖木Manglietiastrum sinicum 28m+4sm+6st(6SAT);白兰 Michelia alba 34m+4sm(2SAT)。作者对木兰科核型进化问题进行了讨论。     

中国含笑属一新种

发表了中国含笑属一新种     

越南木兰科植物新记录(英文)

报道了越南木兰科1新记录种Michelia mannii King,原记载分布于印度。该种产自越南北部的Cuc Phuong国家公园的原生石灰岩森林和越南南部的Lam Dong省的Langbiang地区。凭证标本保存在CHI,CPNP,IBSC,L和VFU。     

几种含笑属(木兰科)植物的花粉形态

含笑属 ( Michelia) 4种花粉光镜下形态相似。SEM下观察 ,黄兰 ( M.champaca)和金叶含笑 ( M.foveolata)表面雕纹为小穿孔 ,苦梓含笑 ( M.balansae)为小穴 ,野含笑 ( M.skinner-iana)为细皱纹 ,较粗糙。 TEM下观察 ,4种花粉外壁均可分为覆盖层、柱状层和基层。其中黄兰的柱状层结构较原始 ,金叶含笑的较进化。花粉形态在一定程度上可反映类群的系统演化。     

濒危植物长蕊木兰的核型

报道了长蕊木兰（Alcimandra cathcartii）的染色体核型,核型公式为2n=2x=38=22m＋15sm（3sat）＋1st。核型类型属于Stebbins的2A型。第18条染色体为st染色体,第5、6、7条sm染色体的短臂上各具有1个随体。间期核为简单染色中心型（simple chromocenter type）,有丝分裂前期染色体为中间型（interstitial type）。对前人关于木兰属和含笑属植物的核型研究结果进行了比较分析,长蕊木兰与含笑属亲缘关系较近,但稍有区别,而与木兰属的亲缘关系较远。     

铝毒胁迫对乐昌含笑幼苗生长和生理的影响

为研究铝毒对乐昌含笑Michelia chapensis幼苗生长的影响,采用水培法对乐昌含笑幼苗进行铝胁迫实验,设置铝浓度梯度为0 (CK)、0.5 (T1)、1 (T2)、2 mmol·L^-1(T3)共4个处理,定期测定其根长、根尖铝含量、POD和CAT活性、MDA和脯氨酸(Pro)含量。结果表明,铝胁迫明显抑制乐昌含笑根的伸长生长,随着Al³⁺浓度的增加,抑制程度加剧,T1、T2、T3与CK对照比较,相对伸长率分别为84.53%、63.16%和54.46%;根尖铝含量随处理时间延长和铝浓度增加而增加,处理6 d时T1、T2、T3根尖铝含量分别是CK的 63.64、82.60、121.69倍;POD、CAT酶活性与处理时间和铝浓度呈正相关,各处理6 d时POD活性比处理1 d提高17.00%～115.21%,CAT活性提高25.11%～49.28%;MDA和Pro含量变化随着胁迫时间和铝溶液浓度的增加而增加,处理6 d 时T1、T2、T3的MDA含量比CK对照增加46.13%～59.78%,Pro含量增加60.12%～150.85%。在铝胁迫条件下,乐昌含笑根尖铝含量增加,根的伸长生长受抑制,细胞膜膜质过氧化程度增加;乐昌含笑可通过激活体内抗氧化酶系抵抗铝胁迫,同时产生脯氨酸调节细胞渗透势。     

Michelia sonlaensis Q.N. Vu,sp. nov. (Magnoliaceae) from northern Vietnam

Michelia sonlaensis Q.N. Vu, a new species of Michelia from Son La province, northern Vietnam is described. The new species is assigned to the genus Michelia (separated from Magnolia), subfamily Magnolioideae based on general morphology. It is closely similar to M. xianianhei and M. mannii, but differs mainly in having a leaf‐lamina that is elliptic, thinly leathery, larger, with lower surface yellowish white villous (easily visible by eyes and feeling by hand), brachyblasts and outside bracts yellowish‐white sericeous, flowers light green to cream white in colour, and nine tepals with the outside of all tepals silky hairy at base.     

单性木兰属(木兰科)植物的分类学订正

根据对单性木兰属Kmeria(Pierre)Dandy植物标本的研究和野外调查,补充描述了该属的一些形态特征,纠正了前人对该属描述中的一些错误,阐述了保留单性木兰属的理由,列出了分种检索表,将焕镛木属Woon-youngiaLaw和单性木兰组MagnoliaLinn.sect.Kmeria(Pierre)Figlar&Noot.作为单性木兰属的新异名,将焕镛木Woonyoungiaseptentrionalis(Dandy)Law和广西木兰MagnoliakwangsiensisFiglar&Noot.作为单性木兰KmeriaseptentrionalisDandy的新异名。     

海南岛含笑属(木兰科)二新植物

海南岛发现(木兰科)含笑属二新植物。     

A synonym of Manglietia kwangtungensis (Merr.) Dandy (Magnoliaceae)

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